Springer us jul 2013 (342 resultados)

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Adult and immature nervous system are capable of considerable 'plasticity' and unravelling the underlying mechanisms is one of the principal and most fascinating goals of Neurobiology. A major contribution to our understanding of neural plasticity has come from recent studies in excitato ry amino acids - which are thought to mediate a large part of the excitatory synaptic transmission on the brain. Important steps in this explosive field are: 1) the synthesis of relatively specific antagonists of the N-methyl-D aspartate (NMDA) and non-NMDA receptors subtypes, 2) the characterization of the unique features of the NMDA receptor channel complex notably its voltage dependent Mg++ blockade, its permeability to calcium and its allosteric modulation by glycine, 3) the demonstration that by virtue of their Ca++ permeability NMDA receptors are involved in many -but not all -synapses in the initiation but not the maintennce of long term potentiation (L TP) an experimented model of learning and memory processes. More recent studies also indicate tha excitatory amino acids also play an important role in developmental plasticity in vivo; in cell cultures low levels of excitatory amino acids have trophic roles and can inhibit or promote neurite growth. Excitatory amino acids also play an important role also in other forms of neural plasticity such as the use dependent permanent changes in neural circuit produced by brief seizures (epileptogenesis) as well as the reactive sprouting and neosynapse formation which take place in epilepsy models and after deafferentiation or lesions.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The sixth Ettore Majorana International School of Mathematical Physics was held at the Centro della Cultura Scientifica Erice, Sicily, 1-14 July 1985. The present volume collects lecture notes on the ses sion which was devoted to Fundamental Problems of Gauge Field Theory. The School was a NATO Advanced Study Institute sponsored by the Italian Ministry of Public Education, the Italian Ministry of Scientific and Technological Research and the Regional Sicilian Government. As a result of the experimental and theoretical developments of the last two decades, gauge field theory, in one form or another, now pro vides the standard language for the description of Nature; QCD and the standard model of the electroweak interactions illustrate this point. It is a basic task of mathematical physics to provide a solid foundation for these developments by putting the theory in a physically transparent and mathematically rigorous form. The lectures and seminars of the school concentrated on the many unsolved problems which arise here, and on the general ideas and methods which have been proposed for their solution. In particular, we mention the use of rigorous renormalization group methods to obtain control over the continuum limit of lattice gauge field theories, the explora tion of the extraordinary enigmatic connections between Kac-Moody Virasoro algebras and string theory, and the systematic use of the theory of local algebras and indefinite metric spaces to classify the charged C\* states in gauge field theories. 412 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Analysis of the Resonance Reactions H3(d,n)He4 and He3(d,p)He4 in the Effective Interaction Radius Approximation.- Single-Particle Vibrational Input States in Interactions between Neutrons and Nuclei.- Radiation of a Charged Particle in the Presence of a Separating Boundary.- of Heavy and Light Radioactive Nuclei into Nuclear Emulsions.- Neutron-Transfer Theory for Inhomogeneous Media.- Model of a Heavy Moderator and an Analytical Solution of the Neutron Thermalization Problem. 280 pp. Englisch. …

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The fifth Advanced Study Institute (ASI) on Techniques and Concepts of High Energy Physics was held again at the Hotel on the Cay, in the scenic harbor of Christiansted, St. Croix, U. S. Virgin Islands. The ASI brought together a total of 71 participants, from 17 different countries. It was another great success, due to the dedication of the inspiring lecturers, the exceptional study body, and, of course, the beautiful setting. The primary support for the meeting was again provided by the Scientific Affairs Division of NATO. The ASI was cosponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, by Fermilab, by the National Science Foundation, and by the University of Rochester. A special contribution from the Oliver S. and Jennie R. Donaldson Charitable Trust provided an important degree of flexibility, as well as support for worthy students from developing nations. As in the ca se of the previous ASI's, the scientific program was designed for advanced graduate students and recent PhD recipients in experimental particle physics. The present volume of lectures should complement the material published in the first four ASI's, and prove to be of value to a wider audience of physicists. 516 pp. Englisch. …

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The seventh Advanced Study Institute (ASI) on Techniques and Concepts of High Energy Physics was held for the second time at the Club St. Croix, in St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. The ASI brought together a total of 75 participants, from 19 countries. The primary support for the meeting was again provided by the Scientific Affairs Division of NATO. The ASI was cosponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, by Fermilab, by the National Science Foundation, and by the University of Rochester. A special contribution from the Oliver S. and Jennie R. Donaldson Charitable Trust provided an important degree of flexibility, as well as support for worthy students from developing countries. As in the case of the previous ASIs, the scientific program was designed for advanced graduate students and recent PhD recipients in experimental particle physics. The present volume of lectures should complement the material published in the first six ASIs, and prove to be of value to a wider audience of physicists. 280 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -4. 3 The Gypsy language 72 4. 4 The Gypsy Verification Environment 73 4. 5 A simple example 81 4. 6 Specification data types 91 4. 7 Future directions 95 100 4. 8 Conclusions 5 Reliable programming in standard languages 102 Bernard Carre, Program Validation Ltd. 5. 1 Introduction 102 5. 2 Language requirements for high-integrity programming 103 5. 3 The use of standard languages 108 5. 4 Programming in Pascal and Ada 110 1'19 5. 5 Practical experiences NewSpeak: a reliable programming language 6 122 I. F. Currie, Royal Signals and Radar Establishment 6. 1 Introduction 122 6. 2 Types and values 127 6. 3 Declarations and variables 132 6. 4 Guarded declarations 134 6. 5 Cases and conditionals 136 6. 6 Loops 138 6. 7 Procedures 140 6. 8 Assertions 145 6. 9 Timing 147 6. 10 Conclusion 149 6. 11 Appendix 1: summary of syntax 150 6. 12 Appendix 2: type lattice and widening 156 7 Program analysis and systematic testing 159 M. A. Hennell, University of Liverpool, and D. Hedley and I. J. Riddell, Liverpool Data Research Associates Ltd. 7. 1 Introduction 159 7. 2 The basic requirement 160 7. 3 The Liverpool experience 161 7. 4 The Liverpool experiments 162 7. 5 The LDRA Testbeds 163 Interpretation 169 7. 6 7. 7 Applicability and benefits 171 7. 8 Safety-critical systems 173 VI 8 Program analysis and verification 176 Bernard Carre, Program Validation Ltd. 8. 1 Introduction 176 8. 372 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The explosive increase in the world's human population, with conse quent need to feed an ever-increasing number of hungry mouths, and the largely resultant disturbances and pollution of the environment in which man must live and produce the things he needs, are forcing him to search for means of solving the first problem without intensifying the latter. Food production requires adequate assurance against the ravages of insects. In the last three decades short-sighted, unilateral and almost exclusive employment of synthesized chemicals for insect pest control has posed an enormous and as yet unfathomed contribution to the degradation of our environment, while our insect pest problems seem greater than ever. Properly viewed, pest control is basically a question of applied ecology, yet its practice has long been conducted with little regard to real necessity for control, and in some cases, with little regard to various detrimental side-effects or long-term advantage with respect, even, to the specific crop itself. This book deals fundamentally with these questions. The development of pesticide resistance in many of the target species, against which the pesticides are directed, has occasioned an ever-increasing load of applications and complexes of different kinds of highly toxic materials. This has been made even more 'necessary' as the destruction of natural enemies has resulted, as a side effect, in the rise to pest status of many species that were formerly innocuous. The application of broad-spec trum pesticides thus has many serious and self-defeating features. 536 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The Ninth Biennial Polymer Symposium, sponsored by the Division of Polymer Chemistry of the American Chemical Society, was convened during November 18-22, 1978 at Key Biscayne, Florida. The symposium also marks the occasion when the Second Division of Polymer Chemistry Award was presented to Professor C. S. Marvel for his outstanding achievements in polymer chemistry. The proceedings of this Symposium are recorded in this volume. Carl Shipp Marvel, more popularly known as Speed Marvel, was born in Waynesville, Illinois in 1894. He received his A.B. and M.S. degrees at Illinois Wesleyan University, and M.A. and Ph.D. degrees at the University of Illinois. After having completed his graduate education, Professor Harvel remained at the University as a member of the Chem istry faculty. He 'retired' from Illinois in 1961, and moved to the University of Arizona where he continued his research in polymer chemistry. Out of the more than 500 publications, over 100 were from Arizona during his active retirement. Speed has so far trained 176 Ph.D. students and 128 postdoctoral fellows, and inspired countless young chemists to the science of macromolecules. No doubt these numbers will increase along with his scientific productivity. Professor Harvel has been honored on numerous ocasions prior to receiving the Division of Polymer Chemistry Award. 356 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -I. GENERAL When a sample containing hydrogen is placed in the Although it is assumed that the reader has been exposed static magnetic field, each hydrogen nucleus will precess to the elementary theory of NMR and to the operation at a frequency determined by the magnetic field it of an NMR spectrometer, a brief review of some of the actually experiences. This field, in turn, is determined by basic concepts and definitions will indicate the point of the electronic, and therefore the chemical, environment view used in this book and clarify some of the defini of the nucleus. Thus the variety of chemical environ tions. The discussion is confined to the hydrogen-l iso ments that exist in a molecule will produce a spectrum tope because this is by far the most generally used and, of precession frequencies that will indicate the chemical consequently, far more data are available for it than for nature of the various parts of the molecule. The remain any other isotope. This wealth of data, in turn, leads to ing problem is to observe this spectrum of frequencies. the most accurate and comprehensive set of spectra There are two general methods of observing the structure correlations. spectrum. 452 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -About two centuries after the communication by Sir Percival Pott that the 'chimney sweeper disease' was a cancer and its suggestion that active compounds of soot were the causative agents, and about one century after the description of urinary bladder cancer in dye workers, an enormous number of substances have been synthesized and have probably come into contact with man. Research in cancer prevention is of primary importance, and may receive continuous support from new discoveries on cancer etiology and pathogenesis. If one accepts the multistage model of chemical carcinogenesis, one has also to accept that many events occur between the contact of carcino genic compounds and their specific targets and the development of a clinically recognizable neoplasm. Thus, animal studies become essential to elucidate the different steps by which chemical carcinogens induce neoplasia. The analysis of these steps and the comparative evaluation of experimental models is essential to an understanding of pathogenesis. 696 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -All areas of industry are facing increasing pressure from governments and consumers to be more environmentally aware. The food industry is no exception, and an increasing number of companies have made the decision to implement an environmental policy. These organisations will benefit from this book, which has been written to provide a broad but detailed introduction to the topic of environmental issues and their cost implica tions to the food industry. Throughout the text the authors have approached the subject from a practical angle, and have borne in mind the environmental, production or site manager who is grappling with the problem of how to implement such a policy. This book begins by considering the raw materials that are used in the food industry, whether derived from animals, fruit and vegetables, or the products of genetic engineering, as may increasingly be the case in the future. Environmental and cost considerations of food processing opera tions are then examined, encompassing energy conservation and the con trol of air, noise and water pollution; all topics that are uppermost in the priorities of the environmental manager. The finished food product also has an impact on its environment, and so the storage, distribution and packaging of foods, post food factory, is discussed in detail. Finally, the principles involved in management accounting for food industry environ mental issues are highlighted. All the authors of this book are respected experts in their chosen field, each of whom could have written a complete book on their subject. 428 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Industrial advances frequently depend on the development of new, special-purpose ma terials possessing specific magnetic, electrical, optical, strength, friction, antifriction, and other properties. Metal alloys produced by the conventional technique of metallurgical reduc tion often do not meet these new requirements. Powder metallurgy, therefore, is of consider able importance in solving many problems of present-day materials science. Its production techniques-solid-phase and liquid-phase sintering, impregnation, hot pressing - make it pos, sible to obtain materials from metallic components which are immiscible in the liquid state and also materials in which metals are combined with nonmetallic components such as refract ory compounds- oxides, carbides, nitrides, borides, sUicides, sulfides, etc. The properties of sintered parts depend essentially on the processes occurring during their formation. One of the most promising methods of producing sintered materials of high density with the best combination of various properties is liquid-phase sintering. In recent years, many publications have appeared concerning processes of sintering specific combinations of com ponents, the theoretical basis of liquid-phase sintering, and the laws governing this process. The present work examines liquid-phase sintering processes and the action of capillary forces in models of dispersed solid-liquid systems, and also gives data from theoretical and experi mental studies of liquid-phase sintering in various metal and metal-ceramic systems. Some theoretical generalizations on the principles of sintering processes are presented, and the driv ing forces of sintering and the effect of different conditions on liquid-phase sintering processes are considered. 84 pp. Englisch. …

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The solid molecular hydrogens are the simplest and most fundamental molecular solids. Except at ultrahigh pressures on the order of a few mega bars, where a transition to a metallic, atomic phase is expected, these solids are true molecular crystals in which the molecules retain their identity with properties not too different from those of the free molecules. At energies below the electronic excitation energy, the thermal and spectroscopic pro perties of these solids are determined by the translational, rotational, and intramolecular vibrational motions of the interacting molecules. The theo retical analysis of the solid-state properties in terms of the free molecules and the intermolecular interactions forms the main topic of this book. The available detailed knowledge of the properties of the free molecules makes it feasible to carry out this program to a large extent on the basis of first principles, and this is one of the attractive features of these systems. The solid hydrogens are dominated by quantum effects, the most out standing property being that the rotation of the molecules is free down to the lowest temperatures, in the sense that the rotational quantum number J characterizing the rotational motion of the free molecules remains a good quantum number in all of the solid-state phases except at ultrahigh pressures. 328 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -of Volume 8.- 71 Allergic reactions in acute bacterial and viral infectious diseases and active immunization procedures.- 72 Allergy and immunity in tuberculosis.- 73 Immunoallergologic aspects of syphilis.- 74 Allergy and immunity in leprosy.- 75 Mycotic allergy.- 76 Immunoallergologic aspects of gonorrhoea.- 77 Immunoallergologic aspects of chancroid.- 78 Immunoallergologic aspects of lymphogranuloma venereum.- 79 Immunoallergic manifestations of human protozoan and helminth diseases.- 80 Insects, mites and other venomous arthropods causing allergic or immunologic reactions in man. 376 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This is the tenth volume of a continuing series intended to provide a forum for publication of develop ments in f:lossbauer Effect t1ethodology and in Spectroscopy and its applications. r~ossbauer Effect t 1ethodo 1 ogy, Vo 1 ume 1 0, records the proceedings of the Tenth Symposium on r10ssbauer Effect Hethodo 1 ogy. The Sympos i urn 'laS sponsored by the Ne~' England Nuclear Corporation, with special emphasis on applications in catalysis and in biology. The Symposium VIaS held in the t,lercury Ballroom of the New York Hilton on February 1, 1976. Dr. f,1. Good presided over the meeting. 11ore than one hundred participants were involved in the technical sessions and the exhibit of H5ssbauer effect instruments, equipment and materials by Elscint, Inc., Ranger Engineering and New England Nuclear. Continued evolution and improvement was the keynote of the ex hi bi to As has been our experience in recent Symposia, many more papers were submitted than could be accommodated. The Selection Committee was hard-pressed to limit the number of papers, and the sessions were lengthy, despite their efforts. 368 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Features a Foreword by Dr. Dietrich Knorr. Fruit processing and preservation technologies must ensure fresh-like characteristics in foods while providing an acceptable and convenient shelf life, as well as assuring safety and nutritional value. Processing technologies include a wide range of methodologies to inactivate microorganisms, improve quality and stability, and preserve and minimize changes of fresh-like characteristics in fruit. High pressure as a food preservation technique inactivates microorganisms at room temperature or lower; thus, sensory and nutritional characteristics can be maintained. In recent years, a significant increase in the number of scientific papers in literature demonstrating novel and diversified uses of high pressure processing indicates it to be highly emerging technology. The effect of high pressure technology on the quality and safety of foods will be discussed. Selected practical examples in fruits and vegetables, dairy and meat industries using high pressure will be presented and discussed. A brief account of the challenges in adopting this technology for industrial development will also be included. 136 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book is a compilation of the lectures and oral and poster communications presented at the Advanced Study. Institute on 'Vascular Endothelium: Physiological Basis of Clinical Problems II,' which took place between June 20 and 30, 1992 in Rhodes, Greece. This third in a series of ASIs on vascular endothelium continued on the theme of the first (1988) ASI on 'Receptors and Transduction Mechanisms' and particularly expanded that of the 1990 conference on ''Physiological Basis of Clinical Problems. ' We continued the successful practice of bringing together clinicians and scientists: this was reflected equally well in the composition of the organizing committee as in the background of the particiJ ants. Endothelial cell functions and dysfunctions present as many challenges to the mvestigator as they do to the curious clinical practitioner. As these problems are necessarily different, this unique ten-day co-habitation of these individuals continued to offer fresh outlooks to each, stimulated potential collaborative efforts and, most importantly, advanced --ever so slightly--our knowledge of vascular biology. This year's conference was further enriched by the presence of several of our colleagues from Eastern Europe whom we are delighted to welcome as officially sponsored participants to this and future NATO-supported meetings. It is never superfluous to remind readers and participants that those signing at the bottom of this page, while responsible for many of the ASI's and the book's deficiencies, are but three of the many contributors to the successes. 244 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Justbefore the preliminary programof Orbis Scientiae 1998 went to press the news in physics was suddenly dominated by the discovery that neutrinos are, after all, massive particles. This was predicted by some physicists including Dr. Behram Kusunoglu, who had apaper published on this subject in 1976 in the Physical Review. Massive neutrinos do not necessarily simplify the physics of elementary particles but they do give elementary particle physics a new direction. If the dark matter content ofthe universe turns out to consist ofneutrinos, the fact that they are massive should make an impact on cosmology. Some of the papers in this volume have attempted to provide answers to these questions. We have a long way to go before we find the real reasons for nature's creation of neutrinos. Another neutrino-related event was the passing of their discoverer, Fredrick Reines: The trustees of the Global Foundation, members of the Orbis Scientiae 1998, dedicate this conference to Fredrick Reines of the University of California at Irvine. The late Professor Reines was a loyal and active member of these series of conferences on the frontiers of physics and cosmology since 1964. He also sewed as one of the trustees of the Global Foundation for the past three years. Professor Reines discovered the most elusive particle, the neutrino, in 1954. We are proud to say that we recognized the importance of this discovery by awarding him the J. 264 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -An essential element in the development and functional integrity of all organisms is intercellular communication. This is achieved by the secretion of soluble messenger molecules which subsequently interact with receptor-effector pathways in the responsive cells. Hormones are traditionally defined as chemical messengers synthesized by endocrine glands. Unlike hormones produced by endocrine glands, growth factors are hormone-related substances produced by many tissues and play an important role in controlling growth and development. While the exact physiological roles of growth factors have yet to be elucidated, they play important roles in the regulation of cellular proliferation and/or differentiation during ontogenesis, growth and differentiation. During recent years there has been a substantial increase in research related to peptide growth factors, their receptors, and modes of action. With the discovery and characterization of numerous growth factors, it became clear that these growth factors had multiple features in common with classic hormones as well as with oncogenes. Furthermore, there are distinct families of growth factors based either on structural or functional similarities. 528 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Collections of this sort are a regular publication feature of the Laboratory of Mathemati cal Geology of the Order of Lenin V. A. Steklov Mathematical Institute of the Academy of Sci ences of the USSR. In the future it is intended that further collections and monographs reflect ing the activity of the Laboratory be issued. In this present collection, in addition to workers of the Laboratory of Mathematical Geology, specialists of both Russia and many foreign countries participated. This has permit ted us to display the general level of mathematization of geology in 1966. In order to enhance the overall view, the editors have included a section 'Chronicle and Bibliography' in which in formation is given on the most important actions relating to mathematization of geology taking place in 1965 and the first half of 1966, and which includes a bibliography on two-dimensional regressions having great practical value in geology but little known to us in the Soviet Union. 292 pp. Englisch. …

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Symptoms of Plant Virus Infection.- Transmission of Plant Viruses.- Plant Virus Structure.- Plant Virus Replication.- Plant Virus Disease Control.- Techniques in Plant Virology. 192 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The present volume contains all the contributions and general discussion presented at the International Satellite Meeting on Func tion and Metabolism of Phospholipids in Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems held at Cortona, Tuscany, Italy in August 1975. The Satellite Meeting was organized on the frame of the 5th Inter national Congress of the International Society for Neurochemistry (Barcelona, 2-7 september 1975) and was just run before it. The publication of the scientific content of this volume has been made possible by the collaboration of the speakers, the discussants, the Meeting Chairman, the section chairmen and of all the scientists who have taken part at the Symposium and who deeply and actively discussed the lectures and the contributions to the General Discus sion which were delivered. In order to obtain rapid publication of the volume, however, the single discussions for each delivered contribution will not be reported here. The general subject of membrane structure, of the turnover of its lipid components in CNS and PNS, their functional implica tions and pharmacological actions, was explored in details from the stand-points of the various contributors in biophysics, biochem istry, physiology, cytology, pharmacology and pathology. The whole Symposium was effiCiently introduced and closed by Dr. W. Stoffel. The meeting has been thought to have been very successful. 428 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -1 Introduction: Disease, Disability, and Psychodiagnostic Concepts in Childhood.- 2 Childhood Psychosis: A Historical Review.- 3 Specific Language Dysfunctioning in Children: A Historical Overview.- 4 Deviant and Normal Social Development.- 5 Normal Social Development.- 6 Psycholinguistic Development: Functioning and Dysfunctioning.- 7 Disordered Thinking.- 8 Diagnosis and Evaluation of Disordered Thought and Language.- 9 The Psychological Testing of Dysphasic and Psychotic Children.- Epilogue.- References and Bibliography. 216 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The electromagnetic theory of Maxwell and the electron theory of Lorentz and Drude stimulated a great deal of experimental work on the optical properties of solids in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The time was not then ripe, however, for general progress in this field. The experimental techniques were not available to produce suitable specimens for optical measurements with well defined structure and purity. On the theoretical side, the classical electron theory provided only a very incomplete account of the interaction of light waves with matter. The centre of interest in optical research moved to atomic and molecular spectroscopy where quantitative results were easier to obtain. The quantum theory, starting with Bohr's theory of 1913, provided a highly successful basis for the interpretation of the optical spectra of atoms and molecules. The present-day theory of the optical properties of solids is based on the quantum theory of electrons in solids, developed from the early researches of Sommerfeld and Bloch, and the theory of lattice vibrations originating in the research by Born. The formal con nection between optical absorption and electron wave functions in solids has been well known since the 1930s but it is only recently that electron energy band calculations have achieved sufficient accuracy to make profitable a comparison of experimental and theoretical results. Without some guidance from a theoretical band structure calculation, it would be difficult to make any progress with the in terpretation of an optical absorption spectrum. 152 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -At the close of the year 1900, motor vehicle registrations throughout the United States totaled 8000. These vehicles rode on unpaved and often dusty country roads. The only problem of traffic was an occasional pedestrian or a frightened horse or cow frenzied by the roar of this new creature. Today more than 82,000,000 registrations, representing 50% of the world's automobiles, are recorded in this country. In 1963 these vehicles traveled 798 billion miles over newly constructed modern highways, expressways, freeways, quickways, and thru ways, as well as improved rural and urban roads and streets. Out of all this has sprung the traffic engineer. Today's modern roadway is an engineering structure which has been developed through sound principles of design with provisions for safety and efficiency. An example of this safety factor can be found by the exacting specifications for cross sections, grades, roadside control, medians, and other design features. For many years, the responsi bility for controlling traffic fell naturally into the domain of the police. However, as traffic increased, many problems developed which were beyond the scope of normal police work. Since the highway system is an engineering structure which requires an engi neering approach to appraise operating problems and engineering techniques to solve them, the traffic engineer came into being. 236 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Oscar Harkavy offers a unique insider's view of the fascinating world of population politics. Chapters trace the growth of the movement as well as the various foundations, governments, and intergovernmental organizations which were an integral part of it from its beginning in the 1950s, through its growth during the 60s and 70s, to the present. Topics include the role of social science in understanding the causes and effects of population growth; reproductive research and contraceptive development; and the politics of family planning, sex education, and abortion in the United States. 296 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Perhaps the most controversial aspeat of this volume is the number (V) assigned to the aonferenae in this series. Actually, the first aonferenae to be held under the title '~tomia Collisions in Solids' was held at Sussex University in England in 1969 and the seaond at Gausdal, Norway in 19 1, whiah would logically make the aonferenae held at Gatlinburg, Tennessee, U. S. A. in 19 3 the third (III). However, the appearance of the proceedings of the 19 1 Gausdal Conference (published by Gordon and Breaahj bore the number IV. The reasoning behind this was that, in. faat, two pre vious aonferenaes had been largely dedicated to the same subjeat area. The first of these was at Aarhus, Denmark in 1965 and the seaond in 196 was held in Chalk River, Canada. Henae, the number V for the 19 3 meeting. Actually, the aonferenae aan easily be traaed baak to Paris, Franae in 196l when it went under the colorful title of '~e Bom bardement Ionique. ' In 1962 a small aonferenae was held at Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U. S. A. at whiah the discovery of channeling was first formally annunciated. This was followed by aonferenaes at Chalk River, Canada in 1963 and at Harwell, England in 1964. More over, immediately following the Chalk River conference in 196 there was a aonferenae on higher energy collisions at Brookhaven, New York, U. S. A. Thus, strictly speaking, the Gatlinburg meeting is the tenth (X) in the series. 484 pp. Englisch. …

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This conference brought together experts from 15 countries to discuss application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques to the nuclear industry. It was apparent from the meeting that even those active in the field were surprised at the extent of work and the progress made. There was a strong impression that application of this technology to nuclear power plants is inevitable. The benefits to improved operation, design, and safety are simply too significant to be ignored. This is a much different conclusion than might have been reached a few years ago when the technology was new and people were struggling to understand its significance. We believe that this meeting reflects a major turning point for the technology. It has moved from being a topic understood only by specialists to a situation where users are the most active people in the field. A broad array of innovative work is described from all of the participating countries. The activity in the u.s. is large and diverse. Although there is no nationally focussed policy for AI research in the U.S., many of these activities are reported here. Japan and France have a strong drive to integrate AI technology into their nuclear plants, and this is reflecteq in these proceedings. 948 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The discovery that the same or similar peptides are present in endocrine cells and in neurons is one of the most exciting and provocative recent developments in biology. Suddenly neurophysiologists and endocrinologists have found that they have a great deal to discuss with each other. Substances originally isolated as hypothalamic hormones turn out to be abundantly present in neurons of other parts of the brain and in endocrine cells and neurons of the gut and pancreas. Similarly, substances originally isolated as gut hormones are found not only in gut endocrine cells but also in gut neurons and in brain neurons. It turns out that the group of peptides that we are accustomed to call gastrointestinal hormones are not all confined to the gastrointestinal tract and are not all solely hormones. We are learning that the chemical transmitters of the neurocrine, endocrine, and paracrine systems form a single group of related substances. This volume contains the latest installments in this fascinating story. It tells how these pep tides were isolated and their amino acid sequences determined, how the heterogeneity of most, perhaps all, of these peptides is being revealed as variant forms of them are discovered, how antibodies to these peptides are used as powerful tools to measure their concentrations in body fluids and to localize the cells in which they are synthesized and stored, and, finally, how the role of these substances in normal physiology and in pathological states is being unraveled. 340 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Separation of Complex Spectra into Individual Bands by the Generalized Alentsev Method.- Application of the Generalized Alentsev Method in Analysis of the Blue Luminescence Spectrum of ZnS.- Preparation of Zinc Sulfide Crystals and Nature of Blue Luminescence Centers in Self-Activated ZnS.- Use of Crystal Phosphors in Detection of Electromagnetic Radiations.- Investigation of Gallium Arsenide Lasers Pumped by Electron-Beam Bombardment.- Investigations of Some Four-Field Parametric Interactions.- A Contribution to the Theory of Excitons in Molecular Crystals.- Quenching of the Photoluminescence by Electron Irradiation and Energy Transfer in Molecular Crystals. 296 pp. Englisch.…