springer us jul 2013 (350 resultados)

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - The Cryogenic Engineering Conference celebrated its Silver Anniversary at the 1979 Conference held at Madison, Wisconsin. For many it provided an opportunity to reminisce about the first Cryogenic Engineering Conference convened at the National Bureau of Standards in Boulder, Colorado and also about the many following conferences and advances that had been reported at these conferences. It is difficult to realize that the first Cryogenic Engineering Conference was held before the advent of multilayer insulation, the space age, large-scale LNG Operations and superconductivity applications. The evolution of these activities has been carefully recorded in past volumes of the Advances in Cryogenic Engineering. Once again, the Cryogenic Engineering Conference is happy to have had the International Cryogenic Materials Conference cohost this meeting at the University of Wisconsin. Collaboration between these two conferences has proven to be mutually beneficial by providing the cryogenic engineer with an in-depth exposure to materials properties, selection, and utilization to complement the exposure to new applications and design concepts. The papers presented at this joint conference as part of the International Cryogenic Materials Conference will be published as Volume 26 of the Advances in Cryogenic Engineering.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Adult and immature nervous system are capable of considerable 'plasticity' and unravelling the underlying mechanisms is one of the principal and most fascinating goals of Neurobiology. A major contribution to our understanding of neural plasticity has come from recent studies in excitato ry amino acids - which are thought to mediate a large part of the excitatory synaptic transmission on the brain. Important steps in this explosive field are: 1) the synthesis of relatively specific antagonists of the N-methyl-D aspartate (NMDA) and non-NMDA receptors subtypes, 2) the characterization of the unique features of the NMDA receptor channel complex notably its voltage dependent Mg++ blockade, its permeability to calcium and its allosteric modulation by glycine, 3) the demonstration that by virtue of their Ca++ permeability NMDA receptors are involved in many -but not all -synapses in the initiation but not the maintennce of long term potentiation (L TP) an experimented model of learning and memory processes. More recent studies also indicate tha excitatory amino acids also play an important role in developmental plasticity in vivo; in cell cultures low levels of excitatory amino acids have trophic roles and can inhibit or promote neurite growth. Excitatory amino acids also play an important role also in other forms of neural plasticity such as the use dependent permanent changes in neural circuit produced by brief seizures (epileptogenesis) as well as the reactive sprouting and neosynapse formation which take place in epilepsy models and after deafferentiation or lesions.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - A Survey of Superconducting Materials.- Fluctuations in Superconductors.- Superconductivity at High Pressures.- Structure of a Vortex in a Dirty Superconductor.- Observation of Landau-Type Branching in the Intermediate State.- Attractive Interaction between Vortices in Type II Superconductors at Arbitrary Temperatures.- Calculation of the Vortex Structure at All Temperatures.- Magnetic Field Distribution in Type II Superconductors by Neutron Diffraction.- Neutron Diffraction Test of Type II Theories in Relation to Temperature.- Nuclear Spin-Spin Relaxation in Superconducting Mixed-State Vanadium.- On the Nature of Flux Transport Noise.- Flux Kinetics Associated with Flux Jumps in Type II Superconductors.- Impurity Effect on the Anisotropy of the Upper Critical Field of Nb-Ta Alloys.- Vortex Transport Interference Transitions.- An Alternating Current Investigation of Pinning Sites.- Effects of Surface Superconductivity in Low Al-Ag Alloys.- A Model for Flux Pinning in Superconductors.- Flux Flow of Pure and Dirty Superconductors.- The Specific Heat of Very Pure Niobium in the Meissner and Mixed States.- Temperature Dependence of Ultrasonic Attenuation in the Mixed State of Pure Niobium.- Mixed-State Ultrasonic Attenuation in Clean Niobium.- The Attenuation of Sound, ql > 1, in Niobium at Low Flux Densities.- Thermal Conduction in the Mixed State of Superconducting Niobium at Low Temperatures.- Entropy of a Type II Superconductor in the Mixed State Close to Tc.- Flux Pinning in Type II Superconductors.- Magnetic Moment in Superconductors Excited by Heat Flow.- Transition to the Mixed State in Lead Films at 4.2°K.- Observation of Tilted Vortices by Microwave Absorption.- Microwave Absorption in Dirty Type II Superconducting Films Around Their Critical Thickness.-Experimental Evidence for the Thompson Term in the Microwave Conductivity of Type II Superconductors.- Dynamic Structure of Vortices in Superconductors: Three-Dimensional Features.- Higher-Order Corrections Due to the Order Parameter to the Flux Flow Conductivity of Dirty Type II Superconductors.- The Nascent Vortex State of Type II Superconductors.- Hall Effect in Type II Superconductors.- Current-Induced Intermediate State in Superconducting Strips of Lead and Indium.- Dissipation in a Superconducting Indium Wire.- Flux Motion in Lead-Indium Wires with Longitudinal Magnetic Fields.- Faraday Induction and Flux Flow Voltages in Type II Superconductors: Effect of Magnetic Field and Temperature.- Investigations of Resonances in the RF Absorption of Superconducting Niobium.- Dynamics of the Destruction of Type I Superconductivity by a Current.- Influence of Thermal Effects on the Kinetics of the Destruction of Superconductivity by a Current.- Fast Neutron Damage in Superconducting Vanadium.- The Effect of an Axial Moment on Normal-Phase Propagation in Type II Superconductors Carrying a Current.- Response of Magnetically Irreversible Type II Cylinders to Currents and Fields Applied in a Parallel Axial Geometry.- Limited Flux Jumps in Hard Superconductors.- Boundary Current and Modulated Flux Motion in Superconducting Thin Pb Films.- Effect of Helical Flow on lc in Cylinders of Type II Superconductors in Axial Magnetic Fields.- Achievement of Nearly Force-Free Flow of Induced Currents in Ribbons of Nb3Sn.- Effect of DC and AC Currents on the Surface Sheath Conductivity of Niobium Single Crystals.- Thermodynamic Properties of Josephson Junction with a Normal Metal Barrier.- Linewidth of Relaxation Oscillations of a Shunted Superconducting Point Contact.- Evidence for theExistence of the Josephson Quasiparticle-Pair Interference Current.- Microwave Emission from Coupled Josephson Junctions.- Application of the Shunted Junction Model to Point-Contact Josephson Junctions.- Characteristics of Josephson Point Contacts at the Center of a Spherical Cavity.- Temperature Dependence of the Riedel Singularity.- Fine Structure in the Anomalous DC Current Singularities of a Josep.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - The purpose of this book is to provide the reader with a survey of some of the major areas of clinical psychology. No attempt has been made to include every area relevant to clinical psychology; the choices are selective but represent the wide range of areas touched by clinical psychologists. For some years I have felt the need for a book that provides students with more of a historical introduction and context from which to view current clinical psychology than is included in most textbooks. The issues and problems of clinical psychology have been with us since the beginning of time; however, most psychological literature is written with the bias that anything older than five or ten years is not relevant. Those who attempt to take a long-range view of clinical psychology are sometimes able to recall the early development of the field in the 1930s and 1940s. In this text, I asked the authors to begin with a brief survey of ancient and medieval history to set the stage for a discussion of current research and developments in the field. I hope that a presentation of this sort will provide the reader-whether advanced undergraduate, graduate, or professional-with a sense of perspective and context from which to view and understand clinical psychology.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - This volume is the scientific chronicle of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Computational Aspects of the Study of Biological Macro molecules by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, which was held June 3-8, 1990 at Il Ciocco, near Barga, Italy. The use of computers in the study of biological macromolecules by NMR spectroscopy is ubiquitous. The applications are diverse, including data col lection, reduction, and analysis. Furthermore, their use is rapidly evolv ing, driven by the development of new experimental methods in NMR and molecular biology and by phenomenal increases in computational perfor mance available at reasonable cost. Computers no longer merely facilitate, but are now absolutely essential in the study of biological macromolecules by NMR, due to the size and complexity of the data sets that are obtained from modern experiments. The Workshop, and this proceedings volume, provide a snapshot of the uses of computers in the NMR of biomolecules. While by no means exhaustive, the picture that emerges illustrates both the importance and the diversity of their application.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Analysis of the Resonance Reactions H3(d,n)He4 and He3(d,p)He4 in the Effective Interaction Radius Approximation.- Single-Particle Vibrational Input States in Interactions between Neutrons and Nuclei.- Radiation of a Charged Particle in the Presence of a Separating Boundary.- of Heavy and Light Radioactive Nuclei into Nuclear Emulsions.- Neutron-Transfer Theory for Inhomogeneous Media.- Model of a Heavy Moderator and an Analytical Solution of the Neutron Thermalization Problem. 280 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The recent generation in the laboratory of phase squeezed and intensity squeezed light beams has brought to fruition the theoretical predictions of such non-classical phenomena which have been made and developed in recent years by a number of workers in the field of quantum optics. A vigorous development is now underway of both theory and experiment and the first measurements have been coi:Jfirmed and extended already in some half dozen laboratories. Although the fields of application of these novellight sources are as yet somewhat hazy in our minds and some inspired thinking is required along these lines, the pace and excitement of the research is very clear. It is to he hoped that the new possibilities of: making measurements below the quantum shot noise lirnit which is made possible by these squeezed states of light willlead to further fundamental advances in the near future. In this NATO ARW a number of the leaders in the field met in the extremely pleasant surroundings of Cortina d'Ampezzo and their contributions are recorded in this volume. The meeting was held at the Istituto d'Arte which was enjoying its lOOth anniversary celebrations. This ARW was preceeded by an ONR Special Seminar on 'Photons and Quantum Fluctuations', the proceedings of which will be published by Adam Hilger Ltd. The timeliness of the meeting was acknowledged by the support of the NATO Scientific Affairs Division which we would like to acknowledge on behalf of all the participants. 348 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The solid molecular hydrogens are the simplest and most fundamental molecular solids. Except at ultrahigh pressures on the order of a few mega bars, where a transition to a metallic, atomic phase is expected, these solids are true molecular crystals in which the molecules retain their identity with properties not too different from those of the free molecules. At energies below the electronic excitation energy, the thermal and spectroscopic pro perties of these solids are determined by the translational, rotational, and intramolecular vibrational motions of the interacting molecules. The theo retical analysis of the solid-state properties in terms of the free molecules and the intermolecular interactions forms the main topic of this book. The available detailed knowledge of the properties of the free molecules makes it feasible to carry out this program to a large extent on the basis of first principles, and this is one of the attractive features of these systems. The solid hydrogens are dominated by quantum effects, the most out standing property being that the rotation of the molecules is free down to the lowest temperatures, in the sense that the rotational quantum number J characterizing the rotational motion of the free molecules remains a good quantum number in all of the solid-state phases except at ultrahigh pressures. 328 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The International School of Fusion Reactor Technology started its courses 15 years ago and since then has mantained a biennial pace. Generally, each course has developed the subject which was announced in advance at the closing of the previous course. The subject to which the present proceedings refer was chosen in violation of that rule so as to satisfy the recent and diffuse interest in cold fusion among the main European laboratories involved in controlled thermonuclear research (CTR). In the second half of 1986 we started to prepare a workshop aimed at assessing the state of the art and possibly of the perspectives of muon- catalyzed fusion. Research in this field has recently produced exciting experimental results open to important practical applications. We thought it worthwhile to consider also the beneficial effects and problems of the polarization ofthe nuclei in both cold and thermonuclear fusion. In preparing the 8th Course on Fusion Reactor Technology, it was necessary to abandon the traditional course format because the influence of the workshop procedure was inevitable: the participants were roughly equally divided into experts in cold fusion and experts in thermonuclear fusion. The course had largely an interdisciplinary character as many disciplines were involved: atomic and molecular physics, nuclear physics, accelerator technology, system analysis, etc. Plasma physics was excluded, with a sigh of relief from the experts in thermonuclear fusion. 304 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Oscar Harkavy offers a unique insider's view of the fascinating world of population politics. Chapters trace the growth of the movement as well as the various foundations, governments, and intergovernmental organizations which were an integral part of it from its beginning in the 1950s, through its growth during the 60s and 70s, to the present. Topics include the role of social science in understanding the causes and effects of population growth; reproductive research and contraceptive development; and the politics of family planning, sex education, and abortion in the United States. 296 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Perhaps the most controversial aspeat of this volume is the number (V) assigned to the aonferenae in this series. Actually, the first aonferenae to be held under the title '~tomia Collisions in Solids' was held at Sussex University in England in 1969 and the seaond at Gausdal, Norway in 19 1, whiah would logically make the aonferenae held at Gatlinburg, Tennessee, U. S. A. in 19 3 the third (III). However, the appearance of the proceedings of the 19 1 Gausdal Conference (published by Gordon and Breaahj bore the number IV. The reasoning behind this was that, in. faat, two pre vious aonferenaes had been largely dedicated to the same subjeat area. The first of these was at Aarhus, Denmark in 1965 and the seaond in 196 was held in Chalk River, Canada. Henae, the number V for the 19 3 meeting. Actually, the aonferenae aan easily be traaed baak to Paris, Franae in 196l when it went under the colorful title of '~e Bom bardement Ionique. ' In 1962 a small aonferenae was held at Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U. S. A. at whiah the discovery of channeling was first formally annunciated. This was followed by aonferenaes at Chalk River, Canada in 1963 and at Harwell, England in 1964. More over, immediately following the Chalk River conference in 196 there was a aonferenae on higher energy collisions at Brookhaven, New York, U. S. A. Thus, strictly speaking, the Gatlinburg meeting is the tenth (X) in the series. 484 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This conference brought together experts from 15 countries to discuss application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques to the nuclear industry. It was apparent from the meeting that even those active in the field were surprised at the extent of work and the progress made. There was a strong impression that application of this technology to nuclear power plants is inevitable. The benefits to improved operation, design, and safety are simply too significant to be ignored. This is a much different conclusion than might have been reached a few years ago when the technology was new and people were struggling to understand its significance. We believe that this meeting reflects a major turning point for the technology. It has moved from being a topic understood only by specialists to a situation where users are the most active people in the field. A broad array of innovative work is described from all of the participating countries. The activity in the u.s. is large and diverse. Although there is no nationally focussed policy for AI research in the U.S., many of these activities are reported here. Japan and France have a strong drive to integrate AI technology into their nuclear plants, and this is reflecteq in these proceedings. 948 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The discovery that the same or similar peptides are present in endocrine cells and in neurons is one of the most exciting and provocative recent developments in biology. Suddenly neurophysiologists and endocrinologists have found that they have a great deal to discuss with each other. Substances originally isolated as hypothalamic hormones turn out to be abundantly present in neurons of other parts of the brain and in endocrine cells and neurons of the gut and pancreas. Similarly, substances originally isolated as gut hormones are found not only in gut endocrine cells but also in gut neurons and in brain neurons. It turns out that the group of peptides that we are accustomed to call gastrointestinal hormones are not all confined to the gastrointestinal tract and are not all solely hormones. We are learning that the chemical transmitters of the neurocrine, endocrine, and paracrine systems form a single group of related substances. This volume contains the latest installments in this fascinating story. It tells how these pep tides were isolated and their amino acid sequences determined, how the heterogeneity of most, perhaps all, of these peptides is being revealed as variant forms of them are discovered, how antibodies to these peptides are used as powerful tools to measure their concentrations in body fluids and to localize the cells in which they are synthesized and stored, and, finally, how the role of these substances in normal physiology and in pathological states is being unraveled. 340 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Separation of Complex Spectra into Individual Bands by the Generalized Alentsev Method.- Application of the Generalized Alentsev Method in Analysis of the Blue Luminescence Spectrum of ZnS.- Preparation of Zinc Sulfide Crystals and Nature of Blue Luminescence Centers in Self-Activated ZnS.- Use of Crystal Phosphors in Detection of Electromagnetic Radiations.- Investigation of Gallium Arsenide Lasers Pumped by Electron-Beam Bombardment.- Investigations of Some Four-Field Parametric Interactions.- A Contribution to the Theory of Excitons in Molecular Crystals.- Quenching of the Photoluminescence by Electron Irradiation and Energy Transfer in Molecular Crystals. 296 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -From molecular biology to clinical applications of selective receptor blockade, the present volume compiles the latest advances of this emerging field. Of particular importance is the attention given to the newly discovered AT2 receptors, and the physiology and pathophysiology of angiotensin receptor subtypes. The book will provide clinicians treating cardiovascular disease and hypertension with a clearer understanding of this therapeutically important and complicated hormone. 440 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Reproduction is, it would appear, a very simple biological event: the result of an act of love. In actual fact, it has always been, and still continues to be, one of the most complex, yet at the same time, most fascinating, problems, with which Science has ever been engaged. Physiopathology of human reproduction has always made use of investigations of a morphological nature, perhaps on account of the need to 'see inside' the reproductive apparatus or within the gonads themselves in order to better understand how they function. Observation of spermatozoa practically coincided with the discovery of the microscope, and histological study of the testis and ovary was, for a very long time, the only means available with which to closely follow the evolution of gametes destined to their meeting. Improvement of techniques resulting from the evolution of endocrinology of reproduction has only apparently put aside morphological techniques, whilst at the same time there has been a gradual development of ultrastructural techniques, on the one hand, and, on the other, macroscopic diagnostic systems through images. 268 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Since the first papers by E. N. Leith and J. Upatnieks on the subject of holography appeared in 1961, there has been a virtual explosion of research activity in the field. More than SOO papers and articles on holo graphy have appeared in the last ten years. Many applications of holo graphy have been proposed, and some of these are beginning to enter the realm of usefulness. One of the applications that appears to hold great promise is acoustic imaging by means of holography. The first papers on this subject appeared in 1966. but already research activity in the field is burgeoning. Tbree symposia whoUy devoted to acoustical holography have been held and tbe papers published in book form. The purpose of this book is to bring together the results of research in acoustical holography, some of it as yet unpublished, under one cover so that workers in holography, nondestructive testing, medical imaging, underwater imaging, and seismic exploration can decide whether this new technique can be useful to them. 240 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -of Volume 3.- 34 The concept of autoimmune diseases.- 35 Systemic lupus erythematosus.- 36 Dermatomyositis (DM), polymyositis (PM).- 37 Progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS).- 38 Rheumatoid arthritis.- 39 Sj¿gren¿s syndrome.- 40 Autoimmune diseases of the skin and skin disorders with diverse immuno-pathological abnormalities.- 41 Immunological factors in infertility. Spermal immunity and autoimmunity.- 42 Immunoallergic lung purpura. 272 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Follow-up studies of persons exposed to medical radiation have long shown that radiation induces cancer in man. This, coupled with increasing exposure from other sources including occupational and environmental radiations, has resulted in greater recognition of the importance of research on radiation-induced carcinogenesis and risk assessment with a view to radiation protection. One of the well-known late effects of radiation is the increased incidence of leukemia that occurred among atomic bomb survivors beginning two or three years after expo sure. A remarkable increase of solid tumors including cancers of the thyroid, breast and lung was also observed 10 to 20 years after exposure. Thus, many pathological, clinical and epidemiological studies have been made on radiation carcinogenesis in atomic bomb survivors by investigators at the Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission (ABCC), now known as the Radiation Effects Research Foundation (RERF), as well as by the staff of universities in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Some of the mechanisms involved in radia tion carcinogenesis in man and associated modifying factors, such as age at time of ex posure and sex, have been elucidated by these studies. The results obtained are being used by such agencies as the International Commission on Radiation Protection (ICRP) for risk estimations of radiation exposure. This monograph presents the results realized thus far in these epidemiological and The incidence of radiation-induced cancer among atomic bomb pathological studies. 208 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The solubility of gases and liquids in liquids is of great importance in large areas of operations based on chemical concepts. Phenomena have appeared to be so varied that even experts have from time to time remarked on the difficulty of seeing a consistent pattern. Now for the first time the essential pattern of all known gas solubility data is set out in a graphic form for all to see. The continuous merging of the gas-liquid systems and the liquid-liquid systems is also illustrated. The pattern opens the way to rational predictions. The new data given for the lower alkanes and alkenes, the three methylamines, ammonia, bromomethane, and chloroethane, together with my previously reported data on hydrogen sulfide, dimethyl ether, chloromethane, and sulfur dioxide, have been obtained by a bubbler-manometer procedure which is fully described. Not only are these data of significance in many chemical processes, but they have also been vital to the development of the overall essential pattern covering all gases. The book is for chemists, chemical engineers, biotechnologists, certain physi cists, and teachers and students in these disciplines. It is a book for all those who are concerned with the use and inculcation of the fundamental, even rudimentary, principles of chemistry. 288 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -For out of olde hokes, in good feyth, Cometh all this newe science that men lere. Geoffrey Chaucer The Parliament of Fowls During the past two decades knowledge of the human menstrual cycle and of normal and abnormal reproduc tive function has increased at a dramatic rate. As rec ognized in this volume, this explosion of knowledge is due in large measure to the development of radio immunoassays for the measurement of the minute quantities of reproductive hormones found in the cir culation. Yet the foundations for the many recent developments were laid well in advance. The concepts and hypotheses tested were often suggested even be fore the hormones involved were identified and iso lated. A consideration of the historic aspects of re search in this field places recent research in the appropriate perspective. Moreover, as presented by Drs. vii viii FOREWORD Gruhn and Kazer, the history of progress in this field makes fascinating reading. A review of the history of reproductive endocri nology should be required reading for all students of the subject and reproductive endocrinologists in train ing. Dr. Griff T. Ross, a noted reproductive endocri nologist, often instructed his students that every hy pothesis he tested could be found in some form in the publications of previous scientists. The answers to present and future questions are often hidden in the lessons of the past. 256 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -An analysis was needed which would indicate the purity and acid content of maleic anhydride. Small amounts of acid can affect the copolymerization behavior of the anhydride [1] and may cause rearrangement and polymerization of the diene component in Diels-Alder reactions [2]. Standardized solutions of tertiary amines such as tripropylamine and N-ethylpiperidine have been used by Siggia and Floramo [ 1] to titrate maleic and phthalic acids in their anhydrides. This method is rather specific for maleic acid since the acids which might be included in the determination are those with dissociation constants 3 of 10- , or greater, in water. This would not include 5 acids such as succinic (dissociation constant, 7 10- ) 4 or fumaric (9.3 10- ). Anhydrides have been determined in the presence of their acids by reaction with excess aniline and deter mination of the excess [3]. The acid content is then found by difference in anhydride and total acidity by hydrolysis. Mixtures of anhydride and acid have been determined by difference using either sodium methylate in methanol to titrate the free acid plus one equivalent per mole of the anhydride and sodium hydroxide [4], or trimethyl benzylammonium hydroxide [5] in the presence of water to titrate the free acid plus two equivalents per mole of the anhydride. The determination of free acid by the difference in the two titrations yields poor results for samples of low acid content. 192 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -It is now well recognised that the texture of foods is an important factor when consumers select particular foods. Food hydrocolloids have been widely used for controlling in various food products their viscoelasticity, emulsification, gelation, dispersion, thickening and many other functions. An international journal, FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS, launched in 1986 has published a number of stimulating papers, and established an active forum for promoting the interaction between academics and industrialists and for combining basic scientific research with industrial development. Although there have been various research groups in many food processing areas in Japan, such as fish paste (kamaboko, surimi), soybean curd (tofu), agar jelly dessert, kuzu starch jelly, kimizu (Japanese style mayonnaise), their activities have been conducted in isolation of one another. The interaction between the various research groups operating in the various sectors has been weak. Symposia on food hydrocolloids have been organised on several occasions in Japan since 1985. Professor Glyn O. Phillips, the Chief Executive Editor of FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS, suggested to us that we should organise an international conference on food hydrocolloids. We discussed it on many occasions, and eventually decided to organise such a meeting, and extended the scope to include recent development in proteinaceous hydrocolloids, and their nutritional aspects, in addition to polysaccharides and emulsions. 528 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Following their recognition by GUmbel (1874), lamprophyres were treated for an entire century as little more than obscure curiosities. Although this situation has changed recently, with a flowering of publications and active workers, lamprophyres remain almost the only group of igneous rocks which have not yet received attention in a dedicated monograph. In five exploratory reviews (1977-1987), the writer aimed to set out what was known about these rocks. The lUGS Subcommission on igneous rock systematics had meanwhile presented its nomenclatural framework (Streckeisen 1979). All this has now been overtaken by a recent explosion of interest, epitomized not least by lamprophyres' greater prominence in the 4th International Kimberlite Conference Proceedings. More data have become available since 1985 than over the entire previous century, and it is obviously impossible for such an extraordinary outpouring to be fully reviewed in this first, preliminary book. At the risk of dissatisfying some readers, therefore, this book concentrates on factual matters, and on a broad overview rather than minutiae. Because not even a world map of known lamprophyres was previously available, almost half the book is deliberately taken up by the first global lamprophyre compilation, and its commensurately extensive Bibliography. Such a compendium of largely objective information is believed to be of more immediate interest and lasting value than a premature pottage of petrogenetic polemic. Chapters 1-7 bring previous studies up to date, and concentrate on factual information. 296 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In August 1982 a group of 104 physicists from 70 laboratories of 31 countries met in Erice to attend the 20th Course of the Inter national School of Subnuclear Physics. The countries represented at the School were: Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, China, Czechoslovakia, France, the Federal Republic of Germany, Greece, India, Iran, Israel, Italy, Japan, Morocco, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the United Kingdom, the United States of America, Yugoslavia, and Zimbabwe. The School was sponsored by the Italian Ministry of Public Education (MPI), the Italian Ministry of Scientific and Techno- logical Research (MRSI), the Sicilian Regional Government, and the Weizmann Institute of Science. This year, on the occasion of the 60th birthday of Chen Ning Yang, the 'Ettore Majorana' Centre decided to pay tribute to the outstanding scientific achievements of one of the most prominent scientists of our time, by dedicating the 20th Course of the International School of Subnuclear Physics to a review of the pre sent status of one of the fields of physics where Chen Ning Yang has contributed most profoundly: gauge interactions. The theo retical foundations and the most recent developments were presented by Chen Ning Yang. The most general consequences of a gauge inter action -- supersymmetry -- with its theoretical aspects and the experimental implications were discussed by Sergio Ferrara and Demetrios Nanopoulos. 812 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -During the past 20 years there have been amazing developments in low temperature physics, engineering, and biology. They form part of the very rapid post-war growth in pure and applied sciences of every kind. During this period several branches of biology including immunology, molecular biology and, of course, cryobiology, have split off from their parent disciplines. One result of this splintering has been the development of separate jargons used by the specialists and sometimes incomprehensible to those working in closely allied fields. The pure physicists, chemists, and the applied scientists, including physicians, surgeons, and pathologists, find the new jargons particularly baffling. We have attempted in this monograph to present to cryogenic engineers a picture of cryobiologists and their problems using as few strange technical words as possible. We hope that this book will help to bridge the gap which has already formed between them in spite of the opportunities for collaboration in many projects. We hope that it may also be useful to scientific research workers and postgraduate students of many kinds united only by curiosity about cryobiology. We are very much indebted to Dr. K. Mendelssohn, who insti gated us to produce a monograph and who reassured us that cryogenic engineers are as keen to understand the current trends in biology, and particularly in cryobiology, as we are to enlist their help. We have had much help in preparing this book. 268 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The study of sweetness and sweeteners has recently been an area well served by books at all levels, but this volume was planned to fill what we perceived as a gap in the coverage. There appeared to be no book which attempted to combine a study of sweetness with a thorough but concise coverage of all aspects of sweeteners. We set out to include all the important classes of sweeteners, including materials which do not yet have regulatory approval, so that clear comparisons could be made between them and their technological advantages and disadvantages. To achieve our first aim, of sufficient depth of coverage, the accounts within this volume are comprehensive enough to satisfy the requirements of a demanding readership, but cannot be exhaustive in a single volume of moderate proportions. The second aim, of breadth and conciseness, is satisfied by careful selection of the most pertinent material. For the purposes of this book, a sweetener is assumed to be any substance whose primary effect is to sweeten a food or beverage to be consumed, thus including both the nutritive and non-nutritive varieties, from the ubiquitous sucrose to the lesser known, newer developments in alternative sweeteners. The volume has its contents structured in a logical manner to enable it to be used in an ordered study of the complete subject area or as a convenient reference source. 320 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The seventh Advanced Study Institute (ASI) on Techniques and Concepts of High Energy Physics was held for the second time at the Club St. Croix, in St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. The ASI brought together a total of 75 participants, from 19 countries. The primary support for the meeting was again provided by the Scientific Affairs Division of NATO. The ASI was cosponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, by Fermilab, by the National Science Foundation, and by the University of Rochester. A special contribution from the Oliver S. and Jennie R. Donaldson Charitable Trust provided an important degree of flexibility, as well as support for worthy students from developing countries. As in the case of the previous ASIs, the scientific program was designed for advanced graduate students and recent PhD recipients in experimental particle physics. The present volume of lectures should complement the material published in the first six ASIs, and prove to be of value to a wider audience of physicists. 280 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -4. 3 The Gypsy language 72 4. 4 The Gypsy Verification Environment 73 4. 5 A simple example 81 4. 6 Specification data types 91 4. 7 Future directions 95 100 4. 8 Conclusions 5 Reliable programming in standard languages 102 Bernard Carre, Program Validation Ltd. 5. 1 Introduction 102 5. 2 Language requirements for high-integrity programming 103 5. 3 The use of standard languages 108 5. 4 Programming in Pascal and Ada 110 1'19 5. 5 Practical experiences NewSpeak: a reliable programming language 6 122 I. F. Currie, Royal Signals and Radar Establishment 6. 1 Introduction 122 6. 2 Types and values 127 6. 3 Declarations and variables 132 6. 4 Guarded declarations 134 6. 5 Cases and conditionals 136 6. 6 Loops 138 6. 7 Procedures 140 6. 8 Assertions 145 6. 9 Timing 147 6. 10 Conclusion 149 6. 11 Appendix 1: summary of syntax 150 6. 12 Appendix 2: type lattice and widening 156 7 Program analysis and systematic testing 159 M. A. Hennell, University of Liverpool, and D. Hedley and I. J. Riddell, Liverpool Data Research Associates Ltd. 7. 1 Introduction 159 7. 2 The basic requirement 160 7. 3 The Liverpool experience 161 7. 4 The Liverpool experiments 162 7. 5 The LDRA Testbeds 163 Interpretation 169 7. 6 7. 7 Applicability and benefits 171 7. 8 Safety-critical systems 173 VI 8 Program analysis and verification 176 Bernard Carre, Program Validation Ltd. 8. 1 Introduction 176 8. 372 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The explosive increase in the world's human population, with conse quent need to feed an ever-increasing number of hungry mouths, and the largely resultant disturbances and pollution of the environment in which man must live and produce the things he needs, are forcing him to search for means of solving the first problem without intensifying the latter. Food production requires adequate assurance against the ravages of insects. In the last three decades short-sighted, unilateral and almost exclusive employment of synthesized chemicals for insect pest control has posed an enormous and as yet unfathomed contribution to the degradation of our environment, while our insect pest problems seem greater than ever. Properly viewed, pest control is basically a question of applied ecology, yet its practice has long been conducted with little regard to real necessity for control, and in some cases, with little regard to various detrimental side-effects or long-term advantage with respect, even, to the specific crop itself. This book deals fundamentally with these questions. The development of pesticide resistance in many of the target species, against which the pesticides are directed, has occasioned an ever-increasing load of applications and complexes of different kinds of highly toxic materials. This has been made even more 'necessary' as the destruction of natural enemies has resulted, as a side effect, in the rise to pest status of many species that were formerly innocuous. The application of broad-spec trum pesticides thus has many serious and self-defeating features. 536 pp. Englisch.