springer springer jan 1994 (322 resultados)

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware -Eurocrypt is a series of open workshops on the theory andapplication of cryptographic techniques. These meetings havetaken place in Europe every year since 1982 and aresponsored by the International Association for CryptologicResearch.Eurocrypt '93 was held in the village of Lofthus in Norwayin May 1993. The call for papers resulted in 117 submissionswith authors representing 27 different countries. The 36accepted papers were selected by the program committee aftera blind refereeing process. The papers are grouped intoparts on authentication, public key, block ciphers, secretsharing, stream ciphers, digital signatures, protocols, hashfunctions, payment systems, and cryptanalysis. The volumeincludes 6 further rump session papers. 480 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - This text is adapted from Drury's Management and Cost Accounting, and is tailored to the needs of a one-year course. It should be of interest to professional and undergraduate students taking a first course in costing, cost management, management accounting or cost and management accounting.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware.

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - 1 An introduction to expert systems in production andmanufacturing engineering: the structure, development process and applications.- 2 Operations research/artificial intelligence rules for the optimaldesign of manufacturing systems: machine and traffic allocation.- 3 A common skeletal framework for knowledge-based solutions toa representative set of manufacturing problems.- 4 A general purpose knowledge-based system and its application todesign problems.- 5 A knowledge-based system for selection of resource allocationrules and algorithms.- 6 An intelligent shop management system for production supervision.- 7 Intelligent systems for conceptual design of mechanical products.- 8 Knowledge-based surface treatment and coating selection inproduct design.- 9 Expert system for casting design evaluation.- 10 Expert system approaches to the selection of materials handlingand transfer equipment.- 11 A knowledge-based system for scheduling in a flexiblemanufacturing system.- 12 'Optimal' rule switching for flow shops with random workloads.- 13 An expert system approach to surface mount pick-and-placemachine selection.- 14 FIXPERT: a rule-based system for workholding device selectionof rotational parts.- 15 Learning in robotic task planning.- 16 An expert system with an external optimization module forquality control decisions.

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - General Modes of Pattern Formation; J.D. Murray. Process and Outcome; P. Alberch, M.J. Blanco. Retinoic Acid Cannot be the Morphogen in Reaction Diffusion Models for the Formation of the Chick Wing Bud; Y. Almirantis, S. Papageorgiou. Pattern Formation in Heterogeneous Domains; D.L. Benson, et al. A Field Model of Symmetry Reversals in the Pattern Regulation of a Cell; W.A.M. Brandts. Patterning in Limbs; S.V. Bryant, et al. The Development of a Spatial Pattern in a Model for Cancer Growth; M.A.J. Chaplain. Sequential and Synchronous Skin Pattern Formation; G.C. Cruywagen, et al. Control of Gap Junction Permeability Can Control Pattern Formation in Limb Development; R. Dillon, H.G. Othmer. Mapping Gene Activities into Morphological Patterns in Drosophila; B. Goodwin, S. Kauffman. Trajectories of Swimming Microorganisms and Continuum Models of Bioconvection; N.A. Hill. The Chicken and the Egg; T.J. Horder. 20 additional articles. Index.

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Analog-to-digital (A/D) and digital-to-analog (D/A) converters provide the link between the analog world of transducers and the digital world of signal processing, computing and other digital data collection or data processing systems. Several types of converters have been designed, each using the best available technology at a given time for a given application. For example, high-performance bipolar and MOS technologies have resulted in the design of high-resolution or high-speed converters with applications in digital audio and video systems. In addition, high-speed bipolar technologies enable conversion speeds to reach the gigaHertz range and thus have applications in HDTV and digital oscilloscopes. Integrated Analog-to-Digital and Digital-to-Analog Converters describes in depth the theory behind and the practical design of these circuits. It describes the different techniques to improve the accuracy in high-resolution A/D and D/A converters and also special techniques to reduce the number of elements in high-speed A/D converters by repetitive use of comparators. Integrated Analog-to-Digital and Digital-to-Analog Converters is the most comprehensive book available on the subject. Starting from the basic elements of theory necessary for a complete understanding of the design of A/D and D/A converters, this book describes the design of high-speed A/D converters, high-accuracy D/A and A/D converters, sample-and-hold amplifiers, voltage and current reference sources, noise-shaping coding and sigma-delta converters. Integrated Analog-to-Digital and Digital-to-Analog Converters contains a comprehensive bibliography and index and also includes a complete set of problems. This book is ideal for use in an advanced course on the subject and is an essential reference for researchers and practicing engineers.

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Cell to Organ: Electromechanical Activation.- 1 Regulation of Intracellular Calcium in Cardiac Muscle.- 2 Neuromodulation of Calcium Current by Extracellular ATP in Isolated Ventricular Myocytes.- 3 Intracellular Calcium and Myocardial Function during Ischemia.- 4 Intracellular Signaling in Vascular Smooth Muscle.- 5 Myocardial Energetics.- 6 Mechanisms of Endocardial Endothelium Modulation of Myocardial Performance.- 7 Calcium Kinetic and Mechanical Regulation of the Cardiac Muscle.- 8 Cellular Responses to Electrical Stimulation: A Study Using a Model of the Ventricular Cardiac Action Potential.- 9 Excitation-Contraction Coupling and Contractile Protein Function in Failing and Nonfailing Human Myocardium.- Mechanics and Microcirculation.- 10 Estimation of Myocardial Mechanical Properties with Dynamic Transverse Stiffness.- 11 Intramyocardial Mechanical States: Vessel-Interstitium-Muscle Interface.- 12 Myocardial Mechanics and Coronary Flow Dynamics.- 13 Modeling of Coronary Capillary Flow.- Microstructure: Mechanics and Microcirculation.- 14 Models for Coronary Pressure-Flow Relationships.- 15In VivoMyocardial Microcirculation: Evaluation with a Whole-Body X-Ray CT Method.- 16 Endocardial Coronary Microcirculation of the Beating Heart.- 17 Distribution and Control of Coronary Microvascular Resistance.- 18 Theoretical Analysis of Coronary Blood Flow and Tissue Oxygen Pressure-Control.- Microcirculation and Metabolic Transport.- 19 Adenosine Coronary Vasodilation during Hypoxia Depends on Adrenergic Receptor Activation.- 20 Chaos in Cardiac Signals.- 21 Intramyocardial Fluid Transport Effects on Coronary Flow and Left Ventricular Mechanics.- 22 Metabolic Protection of Post-Ischemic Phosphorylation Potential and Ventricular Performance.- 23 Metabolic and Mechanical Control of the Microcirculation.- Remodeling of Muscle and Vessels.- 24 Asymmetrical Changes in Ventricular Wall Mass by Asynchronous Electrical Activation of the Heart.- 25 Ventricular Remodeling after Myocardial Infarction.- 26 Arterial Remodelling after Percutaneous Transluminal Balloon Angioplasty.- 27 Structural and Functional Remodeling of Poststenotic Arteries in the Rat.- 28 Myocardial Collagen and Its Functional Role.- Cardiac Function and Circulation.- 29 Ventricular-Arterial Interaction: Cardiac Effects of Mean versus Pulsatile Arterial Load.- 30 The Veins and Ventricular Preload.- 31 Why Smaller Animals Have Higher Heart Rates.- 32 Feedback Effects in Heart-Arterial System Interaction.- Integrated Analysis.- 33 The Relationship between Altered Load and Impaired Diastolic Function in Conscious Dogs with Pacing Induced Heart Failure.- 34 Interactions: The Integrated Functioning of Heart and Lungs.- 35 Carotid-Cardiac Interaction: Heart Rate Variability during the Unblocking of the Carotid Artery.- 36 Right and Left Ventricle Interaction and Remodeling in Congenital Heart Disease.- 37 Macroscopic Three-Dimensional Motion Patterns of the Left Ventricle.- 38 Cardiovascular Flow Velocity Measurements by 2D Doppler Imaging for Assessment of Vascular Function.- The Editors.- Contributors.

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - This third edition of Gershwin and Halpern's classic text, Bronchial Asthma, has been completely rewritten and expanded to include, from a variety of disciplines, the latest techniques and developments in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of asthma. With its new patient-oriented chapters on living with asthma, the book will empower the internist, the family practitioner, and the specialist in their struggle to reverse the current trend of increasing asthma mortality and to improve the quality of life of their patients and their families.The editors have selected authoritative contributors to Bronchial Asthma, organizing it into four comprehensive parts:I. Definitions and Host Responses to Bronchospasm defines asthma by analyzing its epidemiology, pathogenesis, and genetic roots, and illuminates the roles of mast cells and eosinophils. Chapters also cover the use of the pulmonary function laboratory and the differential diagnosis of asthma in children and adults.II. Patient Management introduces the latest thinking and techniques about treatment and management of patients, including allergic evaluation, radiological treatment, the role of immunotherapy, the differential management of status asthmaticus, the management of pregnant asthmatics, and an evaluation of unconventional therapies.III. Special Clinical Problems explores respiratory tract infections, the roles of anti-inflammatory agents, food additives, air pollution, aspergillosis, and occupational asthma. Four new chapters analyze exercise-induced asthma, asthma's relationship with chronic sinus disease, and the cross-cultural treatment of asthma in Europe and Japan.IV. Living with Asthma, an entirely new section, examines asthma in school children, athletes and asthma, legal issues for asthmatics, the psychology of asthma, and the use of prospective disease management.

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Modeling and Simulation of High Speed VLSI Interconnects brings together in one place important contributions and state-of-the-art research results in this rapidly advancing area. Modeling and Simulation of High Speed VLSI Interconnects serves as an excellent reference, providing insight into some of the most important issues in the field.

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - New textbooks at all levels of chemistry appear with great regularity. Some fields such as basic biochemistry, organic re action mechanisms, and chemical thermodynamics are weil represented by many excellent texts, and new or revised editions are published sufficiently often to keep up with progress in research. However, some areas of chemistry, especially many of those taught at the graduate level, suffer from a real lack of up-to-date textbooks. The most serious needs occur in fields that are rapidly changing. Textbooks in these subjects usually have to be written by scientists actually involved in the research that is advancing the field. It is not often easy to persuade such individuals to set time aside to help spread the knowledge they have accumulated. Our goal, in this series, is to pinpoint areas of chemistry where recent progress has outpaced what is covered in any available textbooks, and then seek out and persuade experts in these fields to produce relatively concise but instruc tive introductions to their fields. These should serve the needs of one semester or one quarter graduate courses in chemistry and biochemistry. In so me cases the availability of texts in active research areas should help stimulate the creation of new courses.

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - A Formal Approach to Hardware Design discusses designing computations to be realised by application specific hardware. It introduces a formal design approach based on a high-level design language called Synchronized Transitions. The models created using Synchronized Transitions enable the designer to perform different kinds of analysis and verification based on descriptions in a single language. It is, for example, possible to use exactly the same design description both for mechanically supported verification and synthesis. Synchronized Transitions is supported by a collection of public domain CAD tools. These tools can be used with the book in presenting a course on the subject. A Formal Approach to Hardware Design illustrates the benefits to be gained from adopting such techniques, but it does so without assuming prior knowledge of formal design methods. The book is thus not only an excellent reference, it is also suitable for use by students and practitioners.

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Designing VLSI systems represents a challenging task. It is a transfonnation among different specifications corresponding to different levels of design: abstraction, behavioral, stntctural and physical. The behavioral level describes the functionality of the design. It consists of two components; static and dynamic. The static component describes operations, whereas the dynamic component describes sequencing and timing. The structural level contains infonnation about components, control and connectivity. The physical level describes the constraints that should be imposed on the floor plan, the placement of components, and the geometry of the design. Constraints of area, speed and power are also applied at this level. To implement such multilevel transfonnation, a design methodology should be devised, taking into consideration the constraints, limitations and properties of each level. The mapping process between any of these domains is non-isomorphic. A single behavioral component may be transfonned into more than one structural component. Design methodologies are the most recent evolution in the design automation era, which started off with the introduction and subsequent usage of module generation especially for regular structures such as PLA's and memories. A design methodology should offer an integrated design system rather than a set of separate unrelated routines and tools. A general outline of a desired integrated design system is as follows: \* Decide on a certain unified framework for all design levels. \* Derive a design method based on this framework. \* Create a design environment to implement this design method.

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - In 1979, several graduate students in the Department of Fisheries and Allied Aquacultures at Auburn University met with one of the authors (CEB) and asked him to teach a new course on water supply for aqua culture. They felt that information on climatology, hydrology, water distribution systems, pumps, and wells would be valuable to them. Most of these students were planning to work in commercial aquaculture in the United States or abroad, and they thought that such a cdurse would better prepare them to plan aquaculture projects and to communicate with engineers, contractors, and other specialists who often become involved in the planning and construction phases of aquaculture en deavors. The course was developed, and after a few years it was decided that more effective presentation of some of the material could be made by an engineer. The other author (KHY) accepted the challenge, and three courses on the water supply aspects of aquaculture are now offered at Auburn University. A course providing background in hydrology is followed by courses on selected topics from water supply engineering. Most graduate programs in aquaculture at other universities will even tually include similar coursework, because students need a formal intro duction to this important, yet somewhat neglected, part of aquaculture. We have written this book to serve as a text for a course in water supply for aquaculture or for individual study. The book is divided into is concerned two parts.

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Thirty years ago, our attention was drawn to the alphabetical incom itances in strabismus. As an elevation in adduction is the most frequent incomitance, we decided to start treating these incomitances. A weak ening procedure of the inferior oblique muscle seemed indicated. How ever, since we wanted to prevent a torsional overcorrection with a head tilt, we displaced the scleral insertion of the oblique muscle towards the equator of the globe. This way, the torsional action of the muscles is saved. A weakening of the horizontal rectus muscles was systematically added, making it a simultaneous horizontal and cyclovertical surgery. Our way to deal with strabismus developed into a coherent entity and the interest of colleagues encouraged us to write it down.We decided to publish a textbook with a theoretical and an extensive practical part. Our approach is based on thirty years of exclusive strabological work, half-time academic and half-time private practice. More than 6500 re sults were analysed and the majority have been published. The con cerned publications are referred to at the end of the first chapter. Private practice allowed to benefit from the fact that patients were operated on by the same surgeon and remained in personal contact during follow-up.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Investigates narrative strategies in James Joyce's stories in relation to the changing contextual situations, both in the individual narratives and in the cumulative text, context serving as a portal of entry into the narrative(s). Benstock is the author of 'Narrative Con/texts in 'Ulysses''. 171 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -'This book presents a basic introduction to complex analysis in both an interesting and a rigorous manner. It contains enough material for a full year's course, and the choice of material treated is reasonably standard and should be satisfactory for most first courses in complex analysis. The approach to each topic appears to be carefully thought out both as to mathematical treatment and pedagogical presentation, and the end result is a very satisfactory book.' --MATHSCINET 340 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This study critically examines Woodrow Wilson's acceptance of the principle of national self-determination and his role in implementing it at the Paris Peace Conference of 1919. The assessment includes judgements by his contemporaries and historians of Wilson and the peace settlement. A survey of the manner in which national self-determination shaped the settlement leads to a discussion of the subsequent effects of the idea on the states and territories subject to the Versailles Treaty and related treaties. 225 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware 174 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Contemporary British Theatre surveys the complex and dynamic theatre of the eighties and early nineties reflecting a country that is multicultural, multiethnic and multinational. The contributors - artists, scholars and critics - offer insights into the unique forms of theatre performance devised to express the tensions and pressures of our time. For the paperback edition a new preface has been written, including several updating pieces from individual contributors. 243 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -'This book is exactly what the subtitle indicates. It is a highly knowledgeable, realistic - yet positive - review and assessment of the United Nations. Convenient for use in courses on international organization. The reviewer would particularly recommend it to individuals connected officially or otherwise professionally concerned with the United Nations'. American Journal of International Law In the first edition of this book the late Evan Luard questioned whether or not the UN had failed and suggested ways in which the institution could be improved. Into this context he placed analyses of the operation of the Security Council, the General Assembly, economic and social bodies, the World Court and the International Law Commission, the Secretariat and the budget. In preparing this new edition Derek Heater has up-dated the core material and written a new concluding chapter showing how, since the mid- 1980s, the UN has perhaps been acquiring a new lease of life. 203 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Examines the economic impact of aid, but not in the sense that it questions the relevance of this objective, or tries to measure whether aid works or not. The focus of this book is on the evaluation process itself. Can aid evaluation be improved in order to increase the effectiveness of aid 244 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Old age is a part of the lifecycle about which there are numerous myths and stereotypes. To present an overstatement of commonly held beliefs, the old are portrayed as dependent individuals, characterized by a lack of social autonomy, unloved and neglected by both their immediate family and friends; and posing a threat to the living standards of younger age groups by being a 'burden' that consumes without producing. Older people are perceived as a single homogeneous group, and the experiment of ageing characterized as being the same for all individuals, irrespective of the diversity of their circumstances before the onset of old age. In this book, detailed statistical material is used to portray the circum stances of older people in modern society in an attempt to evaluate the appropriateness (or otherwise) of the major stereotypes of later life. This volume does not address ageing from a psychological or micro-social per spective. In particular, we do not explore major issues relating to old age. Rather we feel that, from the extensive collection of surveys concerned with the elderly, we can provide a context within which individual eld erly people can be studied from more anthropological or biographical perspectives. 276 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Age Concern always seeks to be at the forefront in raising issues of importance as part of our continuing fight to improve the quality of life of older people. To this end we are privi leged in being able to draw on the skills of people with the commitment, expertise and enthusiasm to press for much needed change. When, some years ago, we published a book by Mervyn Eastman on old age abuse, the subject was largely unrecognized. He played a pioneering role in drawing atten tion to this difficult and sensitive topic, classifying the various types of abuse, analysing their causes, their tragic effects and the different contexts in which they were likely to occur. Earlier, when I joined Age Concern, I had been struck by the paucity of knowledge of old age abuse. My previous work with children and young people provided me with stark reminders of how much more developed both policy and prac tice were in dealing with the abuse of children. Even in that field there was still much to learn, and subsequent legislation, policy guidelines and codes of practice have taken us further down the road by constructing clear lines of accountability and by protecting and representing children at risk, by helping potential abusers and developing practice that avoids punish ing victims through removing them from their homes. 276 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The OHP Masters are essential support material for all lecturers adopting the main text. 192 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -As this engrossing work so clearly shows, it was in this pressure cooker of competition (The Space Age) that each country achieved undreamed-of advances, stretching the boundaries of humankind's domain and giving us the first thrilling close-ups of the heavenly bodies in our solar system. 452 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Sometime in the 1980s, Norbert Singer, the then Director of Thames Polytechnic, became interested in the idea of becoming involved in nurse educa tion. Project 2000 had been published. In those days, there were three qualified nurses in the Polytechnic: all in the School of Post Compulsory Education and Training, and all involved in the training of nurse tutors. Knowing this, he tele phoned the Head of School: 'Take an interest in this', he said, 'Let's see how far it can go'. Singer had perceived the possibility of a new market - a major oppor tunity for his institution. Whereas we had been active in various minor collabor ations before, after that telephone call the development of health care education became a strategic priority. Now Thames Polytechnic is the University of Greenwich. We have a Faculty of Health with P2000 and 100+ staff; a major interest in physiotherapy training through a national agreement with the Chartered Society of Physiotherapy; the UK's first operational ENB Higher Award with Princess Alexandra and Newham College of Nursing and Midwifery and 1000+ students working for Greenwich awards through Nursing Times Open Learning. These developments are indicative of the scale and scope of recent changes in health care education. 196 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Survey and study background In an effort to gain some answers on the 1ST capital investment (project selection) decision criteria used in practice, a survey was undertaken in 1990 of 80 American, British, Australian and New Zealand companies. A one-page survey form was used that provided 15 possible 1ST investment criteria, a means of indicating whether they are used or not, the percentage of projects to which each criterion is applied, and an overall ranking in terms of total project value for each criterion. The criteria are shown in Table 2.1. The criteria are categorized into financial, management, and development criteria. They were developed, first, through interviews with some 20 chief information officers (CIOs) in Britain and the United States. These CIOs were questioned on what criteria their organizations use in selecting 1ST investment projects, with the aim of developing a full list of the criteria used in practice. Secondly, the criteria and the form were tested and refined in a pilot study with some 12 companies. The criteria used in the survey and listed in Table 2.1 are primary level criteria. 288 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book evolved out of a conference which was held because of our conviction that prenatal screening and diagnostic techniques provide carers with a two-edged sword which can do both good and harm - often at the same time to the same person. The conference ('The Human Side of Prenatal Diagnosis') dealt with emotional, ethical and legal issues in prenatal screening and diagnosis. It took place in March 1992 at the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in London and was attended by obstetricians, paediatricians, geneticists, midwives and ultrasonographers from the North West Thames Health Region. The demand for places at the conference far exceeded the number of places avail able and many people who attended expressed the hope that we would be organizing similar conferences in the future. This confirmed our belief that we were not the only ones preoccupied with the human issues raised by the new technologies and encouraged us to work towards this publication. Prenatal diagnosis and the possibility of selective termination of affected pregnancies is part of a wider move towards repro ductive choice. Like contraception and assisted conception, it can make a major difference to the lives of some people. In our culture, we tend to view choice as a good thing. We look upon it as our right to choose our occupation, our partner, the place where we live, the books that we read and the way that we vote. 244 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume offers a wide range of theoretical, numerical and experimental research papers on fluid dynamics. The major fields of research - fundamentals of fluid mechanics as well as their applications - are treated:- stability phenomena: convective flow, thermal and hydrodynamic systems- transition, turbulence and separation: boundary-layer, turbulent combustion, rarefied gasdynamics, near wall and off wall flow fields, energy dissipation- transonic flow: homogeneous condensation, shock-waves, effects at Mach number unity- hypersonic flow: flow over spheres, aerothermodynamics, relaxation- fluid machinery: axial fans, compressor cascades, fluid couplings- computational fluid dynamics: passive shock control, zonal computation, cylinderflow, flow over wings- miscellaneous problems. 424 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book intends to act as a resource for those caring for children. The children I nursed who experienced pain are the stimulus for both my interest in the issue of pain and latterly in writing this book. Some of the children I cared for stand out as milestones in terms of provoking thought and in questioning practice -James, Ralph and Felicity. These children were tough and brave and taught me a lot about the human aspect of pain and suffering. However, as children, especially vulner able children in hospital, they would not have had to have been as tough or as brave if! had been more knowledgeable about practice issues such as distraction, imagery, massage and so on or had a better understanding of the complexity of pain. Nursing should add to a child's life. By developing knowledge and skills within pain management and prevention nurses are in a strong position to ensure that they, the child and their family are in control of the pain and that the pain is not in control of the child. Developing these skills is ultimately rewarding both personally and professionally and nurses should be encouraged to scrutinize their practice carefully and identify areas where improvements could be made. Listening carefully to what children and their families say about their pain and in identifying the needs of the individual child is an essential part of holistic and comprehensive nursing care. 164 pp. Englisch.