Springer springer gabler dez 2011 (111 resultados)

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware -In condensed matter initially fast positrons annihilate after having reached equi librium with the surroundings. The interaction of positrons with matter is governed by the laws of ordinary quantum mechanics. Field theory and antiparticle properties enter only in the annihilation process leading to the emergence of energetic photons. The monitoring of annihilation radiation by nuclear spectroscopic methods provides valuable information on the electron-positron system which can directly be related to the electronic structure of the medium. Since the positron is a positive electron its behavior in matter is especially interesting to solid-state and atomic physi cists. The small mass quarantees that the positron is really a quantum mechanical particle and completely different from any other particles and atoms. Positron physics started about 25 years ago but discoveries of new features in its interac tion with matter have maintained continuous interest and increasing activity in the field. Nowadays it is becoming part of the 'stock-in-trade' of experimental physics.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In condensed matter initially fast positrons annihilate after having reached equi librium with the surroundings. The interaction of positrons with matter is governed by the laws of ordinary quantum mechanics. Field theory and antiparticle properties enter only in the annihilation process leading to the emergence of energetic photons. The monitoring of annihilation radiation by nuclear spectroscopic methods provides valuable information on the electron-positron system which can directly be related to the electronic structure of the medium. Since the positron is a positive electron its behavior in matter is especially interesting to solid-state and atomic physi cists. The small mass quarantees that the positron is really a quantum mechanical particle and completely different from any other particles and atoms. Positron physics started about 25 years ago but discoveries of new features in its interac tion with matter have maintained continuous interest and increasing activity in the field. Nowadays it is becoming part of the 'stock-in-trade' of experimental physics. 276 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In condensed matter initially fast positrons annihilate after having reached equi librium with the surroundings. The interaction of positrons with matter is governed by the laws of ordinary quantum mechanics. Field theory and antiparticle properties enter only in the annihilation process leading to the emergence of energetic photons. The monitoring of annihilation radiation by nuclear spectroscopic methods provides valuable information on the electron-positron system which can directly be related to the electronic structure of the medium. Since the positron is a positive electron its behavior in matter is especially interesting to solid-state and atomic physi cists. The small mass quarantees that the positron is really a quantum mechanical particle and completely different from any other particles and atoms. Positron physics started about 25 years ago but discoveries of new features in its interac tion with matter have maintained continuous interest and increasing activity in the field. Nowadays it is becoming part of the 'stock-in-trade' of experimental physics. 276 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Das Programm des ,5. Grazer Radiologischen Symposiums' sollte einen aktuel len und moglichst umfassenden Oberblick tiber 3 Themenkreise anbieten: Das 1. Hauptthema war traditionellerweise Einsatz, Stellenwert und Aussage moderner bildgebender Verfahren. Wie bereits in den Jahren 1983 und 1985 war der neueste Stand der Kernspintomographie von besonderem Interesse. Das 2. Hauptthema behandelte die therapeutischen Aspekte der interventio nellen Radiologie. Das 3. Hauptthema betraf das Gebiet der Dokumentation, Archivierung und Kommunikation von Befunden und Bilddaten. Die groBe Zahl von tiber 600 Teilnehmern und die rege Diskussion haben uns gezeigt, daB die gewiihlten Themen dieser Veranstaltung das allgemeine Interesse angesprochen haben. Der intensive Meinungsaustausch zwischen Teilnehmern und Referenten aus 17 Nationen hat sicher zu neuen, fruchtbaren Anregungen gefUhrt. Urn die Ergebnisse dieses Symposiums wieder einem groBen Kreis zugiinglich zu machen, entschlossen wir uns, die Vortriige in einem Tagungsband zu publizieren. Unser Dank gilt der Firma Schering AG, Berlin, fUr die groBziigige Unterstiitzung und fUr das Zustandekommen dieses Buches, insbesondere Herrn Dr. O. Burian fUr die ausgezeichnete Zusammenarbeit. Weiters danken wir den Herren K. Kocever und D. Poltl fUr die Mitarbeit bei der Gestaltung dieses KongreB bandes. 908 pp. Englisch. …

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The design and analysis of data structures and efficient algorithms has gained considerable importance in recent years. The concept of 'algorithm' is central in computer science, and 'efficiency' is central in the world of money. I have organized the material in three volumes and nine chapters. Vol. 1: Sorting and Searching (chapters I to III) Vol. 2: Graph Algorithms and NP-completeness (chapters IV to VI) Vol. 3: Multi-dimensional Searching and Computational G- metry (chapters VII and VIII) Volumes 2 and 3 have volume 1 as a common basis but are indepen dent from each other. Most of volumes 2 and 3 can be understood without knowing volume 1 in detail. A general kowledge of algorith mic principles as laid out in chapter 1 or in many other books on algorithms and data structures suffices for most parts of volumes 2 and 3. The specific prerequisites for volumes 2 and 3 are listed in the prefaces to these volumes. In all three volumes we present and analyse many important efficient algorithms for the fundamental computa tional problems in the area. Efficiency is measured by the running time on a realistic model of a computing machine which we present in chapter I. Most of the algorithms presented are very recent inven tions; after all computer science is a very young field. There are hardly any theorems in this book which are older than 20 years and at least fifty percent of the material is younger than 10 years. 356 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -Vol. 2: Graph Algorithms and NP-Completeness.- IV. Algorithms on Graphs.- 1. Graphs and their Representation in a Computer.- 2. Topological Sorting and the Representation Problem.- 3. Transitive Closure of Acyclic Digraphs.- 4. Systematic Exploration of a Graph.- 5. A Close Look at Depth First Search.- 6. Strongly-Connected and Biconnected Components of Directed and Undirected Graphs.- 7. Least Cost Paths in Networks.- 8. Minimum Spanning Trees.- 9. Maximum Network Flow and Applications.- 10. Planar Graphs.- 11. Exercises.- 12. Bibliographic Notes.- V. Path Problems in Graphs and Matrix Multiplication.- 1. General Path Problems.- 2. Two Special Cases: Least Cost Paths and Transitive Closure.- 3. General Path Problems and Matrix Multiplication.- 4. Matrix Multiplication in a Ring.- 5. Boolean Matrix Multiplication and Transitive Closure.- 6. (Min,+)-Product of Matrices and Least Cost Paths.- 7. A Lower Bound on the Monotone Complexity of Matrix Multiplication.- 8. Exercises.- 9. Bibliographic Notes.- VI. NP-Completeness.- 1. Turing Machines and Random Access Machines.- 2. Problems, Languages and Optimization Problems.- 3. Reductions and NP-complete Problems.- 4. The Satisfiability Problem is NP-complete.- 5. More NP-complete Problems.- 6. Solving NP-complete Problems.- 7. Approximation Algorithms.- 8. The Landscape of Complexity Classes.- 9. Exercises.- 10. Bibliographic Notes.- IX. Algorithmic Paradigms.Springer-Verlag KG, Sachsenplatz 4-6, 1201 Wien 280 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -This first of the two-volume presentation of structural complexity introduces the background necessary for the understanding of complexity theory. It is written for undergraduate students with basic knowledge in Formal Language Theory and contains about 140 exercises and many bibliographical remarks. This second, corrected edition includes an appendix with recent results and an update of the references.Springer-Verlag KG, Sachsenplatz 4-6, 1201 Wien 228 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -The theory of Petri nets is a part of computer science whose importance is increasingly acknowledged. Many papers and anthologies, whose subject matter is net theory and its applications, have appeared to date. There exist at least seven introductory textbooks on the theory. The present monograph augments this literature by offering a mathematical treatment of one of the central aspects of net theory: the modelling of concur rency by partially ordered sets. Occurrence nets - which are special nets as well as special partial orders - are proposed by net theory for this purpose. We study both the general properties of occurrence nets and their use in describing the concurrent behaviour of systems. Occurrence nets may be contrasted with a more language-oriented approach to the modelling of concurrency known as arbitrary interleaving. We will dis cuss some connections between these' two approaches. Other approaches based on partially ordered sets - such as the theory of traces, the theory of event structures and the theory of semi words - are not considered in this book, in spite of the strong links between them and net theory.Springer-Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 124 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -This monograph represents the second book of the series entitled: 'SCI ENTIFIC FUNDAl-1ENTALS OF ROBOTICS'. While the first volume provides a study of the dynamics of spatial mechanisms and its application to the design of these mechanisms, the present one focuses on the synthesis -of control based~n the knowledge of dynamic models (presented in de tail in the first_ volume). In this way a logical continuity is formed in which one may easily recognize a 'dynamic' approach to the design of manipulation r-obots and the synthesis of control algorithms based on exact mathematical models of dynamics of open spatial mechanisms. When writing the monograph, the authors had the following objective: to prove that a study of dynamic properties of manipulation mechanisms is justifiable, to use the dynamic properties in the synthesis of con trol algorithms, and to determine, from one case to another, a proper measure of dynamics depending on the type of manipulation task, the 'v$!locity at which 'it is carried out, and on the type of the manipu- tion mechanisms itself. The authors believe they have thus made the study of dynamics,' aimed at synthesizing algorithms for dynamic con trol, free from unnecessary academicism and allowed the readers to apply all the results presented here to practical purposes of manipu lator design in thfil broader sense of the word. At this point, the au thors would like to present some concepts which were their guidelines in preparing this text.Springer-Verlag KG, Sachsenplatz 4-6, 1201 Wien 384 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -At least four research fields detennine the theoretical background of specification and deduction in computer science: recursion theory, automated theorem proving, abstract data types and tenn rewriting systems. As these areas approach each other more and more, the strong distinctions between functional and relational views, deductive and denotational approaches as well as between specification and programming are relieved in favour of their integration. The book will not expose the lines of this development; conversely, it starts out from the nucleus of Hom clause logic and brings forth both known and unknown results, most of which affect more than one of the fields mentioned above. Chapter 1 touches on historical issues of specification and prototyping and delimits the topics handled in this book from others which are at the core of related work. Chapter 2 provides the fundamental notions and notations needed for the presentation and interpretation of many-sorted Horn clause theories with equality. Chapter 3 supplies a number of sample Hom clause specifications ranging from arithmetic through string manipulation to higher data structures and interpreters of programming languages. Some of these examples serve as a reference to illustrate definitions and results, others may throw a light on the strong link between specifications and programs, which are executed by applying deduction rules. Thus we have included examples of how to use program trans/ormation methods in specification design.Springer-Verlag KG, Sachsenplatz 4-6, 1201 Wien 340 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Class field theory, which is so immediately compelling in its main assertions, has, ever since its invention, suffered from the fact that its proofs have required a complicated and, by comparison with the results, rather imper spicuous system of arguments which have tended to jump around all over the place. My earlier presentation of the theory [41] has strengthened me in the belief that a highly elaborate mechanism, such as, for example, cohomol ogy, might not be adequate for a number-theoretical law admitting a very direct formulation, and that the truth of such a law must be susceptible to a far more immediate insight. I was determined to write the present, new account of class field theory by the discovery that, in fact, both the local and the global reciprocity laws may be subsumed under a purely group theoretical principle, admitting an entirely elementary description. This de scription makes possible a new foundation for the entire theory. The rapid advance to the main theorems of class field theory which results from this approach has made it possible to include in this volume the most important consequences and elaborations, and further related theories, with the excep tion of the cohomology version which I have this time excluded. This remains a significant variant, rich in application, but its principal results should be directly obtained from the material treated here. 156 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In the last fifteen years the spectral properties of the Schrodinger equation and of other differential and finite-difference operators with random and almost-periodic coefficients have attracted considerable and ever increasing interest. This is so not only because of the subject's position at the in tersection of operator spectral theory, probability theory and mathematical physics, but also because of its importance to theoretical physics, and par ticularly to the theory of disordered condensed systems. It was the requirements of this theory that motivated the initial study of differential operators with random coefficients in the fifties and sixties, by the physicists Anderson, 1. Lifshitz and Mott; and today the same theory still exerts a strong influence on the discipline into which this study has evolved, and which will occupy us here. The theory of disordered condensed systems tries to describe, in the so-called one-particle approximation, the properties of condensed media whose atomic structure exhibits no long-range order. Examples of such media are crystals with chaotically distributed impurities, amorphous substances, biopolymers, and so on. It is natural to describe the location of atoms and other characteristics of such media probabilistically, in such a way that the characteristics of a region do not depend on the region's position, and the characteristics of regions far apart are correlated only very weakly. An appropriate model for such a medium is a homogeneous and ergodic, that is, metrically transitive, random field. 600 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -This monograph systematically reviews recent developments in population genetics. The reader can use this book either to obtain a thorough and comprehensive coverage of the present state of knowledge of the subject, and to learn new methods from it, or else to obtain an elementary introduction to the field.Springer-Verlag KG, Sachsenplatz 4-6, 1201 Wien 392 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This is the second volume of a two volume collection on Structural Complexity. This volume assumes as a prerequisite knowledge about the topics treated in Volume I, but the present volume itself is nearly self-contained. As in Volume I, each chapter of this book ends with a section entitled 'Bibliographical Remarks', in which the relevant references for the chapter are briefly commented upon. These sections might also be of interest to those wanting an overview of the evolution of the field, as well as relevant related results which are not included in the text. Each chapter includes a section of exercises. The reader is encouraged to spend some time on them. Some results presented as exercises are occasionally used later in the text. A reference is provided for the most interesting and for the most useful exercises. Some exercises are marked with a - to indicate that, to the best knowledge of the authors, the solution has a certain degree of difficulty. Many topics from the field of Structural Complexity are not treated in depth, or not treated at all. The authors bear all responsibility for the choice of topics, which has been made based on the interest of the authors on each topic. Many friends and colleagues have made suggestions or corrections. In partic ular we would like to express our gratitude to Richard Beigel, Ron Book, Rafael Casas, Jozef Gruska, Uwe Schoning, Pekka Orponen, and Osamu Watanabe. 304 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -The plan to write this book was laid out in April 1987 at Oberwolfach, dur ing the Conference 'Reelle Algebraische Geometrie'. Afterwards we met at various conferences and seminars in Luminy, Madrid, Munster, Oberwolfach, Segovia, Soesterberg, Trento and La Turballe. We would like to thank the or ganizers and the institutions which supported these meetings. With pleasure we remember the special year on Real Algebraic Geometry and Quadratic Forms (Ragsquad) in Berkeley 1990/91 where an essential part of this book was written. Thanks to T.Y. Lam and R. Robson. We are indepted to our Departments: Universidad Complutense de Madrid and WestfiiJische Wilhelms-Universitiit Munster, as well as the D.A.A.D. and the D.G.I.C.y'T . It is not possible to mention here all colleagues and friends who showed permanent interest in the project. They encouraged us to continue and com plete this work. In particular, we are obliged to Jacek Bochnak, Mike Buchner, Michel Coste and Claus Scheiderer for proofreading and helpful suggestions. While the work was still in progress, Manfred Knebusch used parts of our manuscript for a course on Real Algebraic Geometry. His experience con vinced us that it was worth pursuing a fully abstract approach. We were also in permanent contact with Murray Marshall, and the reader will recognize the mutual influence of ideas. We are also indebted to Professor Reinhold Remmert and to the Springer Verlag for publishing the book in this series.Springer-Verlag KG, Sachsenplatz 4-6, 1201 Wien 284 pp. Englisch. …

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -In recent years much attention has been given to the development of auto matic systems of planning, design and control in various branches of the national economy. Quality of decisions is an issue which has come to the forefront, increasing the significance of optimization algorithms in math ematical software packages for al,ltomatic systems of various levels and pur poses. Methods for minimizing functions with discontinuous gradients are gaining in importance and the ~xperts in the computational methods of mathematical programming tend to agree that progress in the development of algorithms for minimizing nonsmooth functions is the key to the con struction of efficient techniques for solving large scale problems. This monograph summarizes to a certain extent fifteen years of the author's work on developing generalized gradient methods for nonsmooth minimization. This work started in the department of economic cybernetics of the Institute of Cybernetics of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences under the supervision of V.S. Mikhalevich, a member of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, in connection with the need for solutions to important, practical problems of optimal planning and design. In Chap. I we describe basic classes of nonsmooth functions that are dif ferentiable almost everywhere, and analyze various ways of defining generalized gradient sets. In Chap. 2 we study in detail various versions of the su bgradient method, show their relation to the methods of Fejer-type approximations and briefly present the fundamentals of e-subgradient methods.Springer-Verlag KG, Sachsenplatz 4-6, 1201 Wien 176 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -In 1890 P. J. Heawood [35] published a formula which he called the Map Colour Theorem. But he forgot to prove it. Therefore the world of mathematicians called it the Heawood Conjecture. In 1968 the formula was proven and therefore again called the Map Color Theorem. (This book is written in California, thus in American English. ) Beautiful combinatorial methods were developed in order to prove the formula. The proof is divided into twelve cases. In 1966 there were three of them still unsolved. In the academic year 1967/68 J. W. T. Youngs on those three cases at Santa Cruz. Sur invited me to work with him prisingly our joint effort led to the solution of all three cases. It was a year of hard work but great pleasure. Working together was extremely profitable and enjoyable. In spite of the fact that we saw each other every day, Ted wrote a letter to me, which I present here in shortened form: Santa Cruz, March 1, 1968 Dear Gerhard: Last night while I was checking our results on Cases 2, 8 and 11, and thinking of the great pleasure we had in the afternoon with the extra ordinarily elegant new solution for Case 11, it seemed to me appropriate to pause for a few minutes and dictate a historical memorandum. We began working on Case 8 on 10 October 1967, and it was settled on Tuesday night, 14 November 1967.Springer-Verlag KG, Sachsenplatz 4-6, 1201 Wien 212 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -In July, 1988, more than 300 scientists from 29 different countries gathered at Tiibingen, W. Germany, in order to spend 4 days discussing their favourite trace element, selenium. This meeting continued the good tradition of three previous meetings held in Corvallis/Oregon, 1976, in Lubbock/Texas, 1980, and in Beijing/China, in 1984. Incidentally, the University of Tiibingen provided a unique historical background for a Symposium devoted to recent advances in biochemistry, pharmacology, human nutrition and human health; here, the first independent depart ment of Physiological Chemistry in Germany was founded in 1845. Pro fessor H9Ppe-Seyler elucidated here the hemin structure and his student Friedrich Miescher discovered the nucleic acids. This book contains one-half of the oral or poster presentations which were selected before the meeting was held on the basis of a one page abstract. It is the reader who will have to decide whether this time consuming policy of quality assessment was warranted or not.Springer-Verlag KG, Sachsenplatz 4-6, 1201 Wien 352 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -From May 20 to May 24, 1986 a conference on distributive justice and in equality was held at the Institute for Advanced Study Berlin (Wis senschaftskolleg zu Berlin). More than thirty scholars participated in this conference. The topics of the presentations ranged from ethics, welfare economics and social choice theory to characterizations of inequality meas ures and redistributive taxation schemes. This book contains a selection of the papers given at the conference. This collection of articles also appeared as issues 2 and 3 of volume 5 of Social Choice and Welfare. In the first paper P. Suppes argues for a pluralistic concept of equity. For too long the emphasis has been on income distribution but there are other characteristics which are important when one talks about equity. Suppes suggests that it would be desirable to have Lorenz curves for a variety of fea tures of societies, such as education, health and housing. P. Dasgupta studies the quality of lives in terms of an index of living stand ards. One has to distinguish between 'same number choices' (the number of lives is given) and 'different numbers choices' (problem of optimum popUlation). The author argues that in the latter case the anonymity (or sym metry) axiom cannot be readily defended. Once it is dropped, however, an incoherence in the moral ordering of possible worlds arises. The moral basis for different numbers choices becomes generation-dependent, an overall moral ordering of possible worlds no longer exists.Springer-Verlag KG, Sachsenplatz 4-6, 1201 Wien 184 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -New theories of international trade suggest that pro-tectionism can make sense. This finding depends on the in- troduction of market power and increasing returns to scale into the international trade theory. The enormous political implications of this hypothesis have started a large interest in applied or empirical investigations of this issue. However, econometric work in international trade is comparatively scarce, especially if it comes to testing with individual data. Therefore, this volume is considered to be a contribution to fill that gap. The volume consists of three parts: First, issues in strategic trade are discussed by means of a survey on recent contributions of the literatureand by a simulation excercise on optimal trade policy for imperfectly competitive industries. Second, a part investigating the determinants of trade flows studies the interrelationships between trade balances and exchange rates, plant size and international trade, and the revelance offirm size and market concentration for the degree of export market integration using business survey firm data. Third, there are studies on imperfect markets, innovations and learning which demonstrate the importanceof imperfect competition for international economics. All contributions provide empirical evidence for the revelance of the newly developed trade theories and demonstrate useful quantitative techniques for their investigation.Springer-Verlag KG, Sachsenplatz 4-6, 1201 Wien 200 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -This book the second volume in the 'Springer Series in Biophysics' col lects together contributions to the conference on 'Biophysics and Syn chrotron Radiation' held in July 86 at Frascati. This meeting addressed the advances on the structure of biological molecules obtained by using synchrotron radiation. In fact it was most timely to review the results of the research in biophysics which is rapidly developing at synchrotron radiation facilities. Moreover, there was interest to discuss the new perspectives opened up by the future high brilliance synchrotron radia tion sources. With the use of synchrotron radiation, x-ray spectroscopy of biological molecules is firmly established in the techniques of EXAFS and XANES. Contributions to the detailed knowledge of local structure of active sites of metalloproteins by this approach are presented in this volume, together with a number of studies of -the interaction of metal ions with other important biological macromolecular systems. Structural determination of very large biological systems at high reso lution, including a protein and its substrate, are reported. The experi mental advances in protein crystallography presented here reduce the time for solving protein structures, thus satisfying a major require ment of the rapidly-expanding field of protein engineering.Springer-Verlag KG, Sachsenplatz 4-6, 1201 Wien 352 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -To our families The formal language theory was born in the middle of our century as a tool for modelling and investigating the syntax of natural languages, and it has been developed mainly in connection with programming language handling. Of course, one cannot deny the impulses from neuronal net investigations, from logic, as well as the mathematical motivation of the early researches. The theory has rapidly become a mature one, with specific problems, techniques and results and with an internal self-motivated life. Abstract enough to deal with the essence of modelled phenomena, formal language theory has been applied during the last years to many further non-linguistical fields, sometimes surprisingly far from the previous areas of applications; such fields are developmental biology, economic modelling, semiotics of folklore, dramatic and musical works, cryptography, sociology, psychology, and so on. All these applications as well as the traditional ones to natural and programming languages revealed a rather common conclusion: very frequently, context-free gram mars, the most developed and the most 'tractable' type of Chomsky grammars, are not sufficient. 'The world is non-context-free' (and we shall 'prove' this statement in Section 0.4). On the other hand, the context-sensitive grammars are too powerful and definitely 'intractable' (many problems are undecidable or are still open; there is no semantic interpretation of the nonterminals an so on). This is the reason to look for intermediate generative devices, conjoining the simpli city and the beauty of context-free grammars with the power of context-sensitive ones.Springer-Verlag KG, Sachsenplatz 4-6, 1201 Wien 312 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -The theory of finite-dimensional algebras is one of the most fundamental domains of modern algebra, applied in several parts of mathematics and in theoretical physics. This book, written by two of the leading researchers in the field and revised and augmented for the English edition, was translated from the Russian by a third leading specialist, who has contributed to it an appendix. The book presents both the basic classical theory and more recent results closely related to current research. The only prior knowledge assumed of the reader is linear algebra and, in places, a little group theory. Each chapter includes series of exercises. The book can be used as a textbook or as an up-to-date reference on the subject.Springer-Verlag KG, Sachsenplatz 4-6, 1201 Wien 268 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -Catecholamines are important transmitter substances in the autonomic and central nervous systems. These two volumes provide a comprehensive presentation of the state-of-the-art of catecholamine research and development in the past 15 years. The volumes present in-depth reviews of topical areas of catecholamine research in which substantial progress has been made and which are of current interest to various theoretical and clinical disciplines. Each topic has been dealt with by an established expert. Clinical subjects of relevant importance are included. Catecholamines are of interest in pharmacology, physiology, biochemistry, as well as in neurology, psychiatry, internal medicine (cardiology, hypertension, asthma), ophthalmology and anesthesiology.Springer-Verlag KG, Sachsenplatz 4-6, 1201 Wien 512 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -This is the first research-level monograph to be written on this vast and multi-faceted subject on the interface of mathematics and theoretical physics. The book gives a unified account of what is known, established theory and a state-of-the-art account of what is still developing. The mathematical content is not easy, but the results are nevertheless in demand, not only from physicists, but from engineers working for example in semi-conductors and composite materials and other branches of chemical engineering. The book contains many concrete examples, for such applications.Springer-Verlag KG, Sachsenplatz 4-6, 1201 Wien 600 pp. Englisch. …

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) represents one of the best-studied metabolic examples of an ecological adaptation to environmental stress. Well over 5 % of all vascular plant species engage in this water-conserving photosynthetic pathway. Intensified research activities over the last 10 years have led to major advances in understanding the biology of CAM plants.New areas of research reviewed in detail in this book include regulation of gene expression and the molecular basis of CAM, the ecophysiology of CAM plants from tropical environments, the productivity of agronomically important cacti and agaves, the ecophysiology of CAM in submerged aquatic plants, and the taxonomic diversity and evolutionary origins of CAM.Springer-Verlag KG, Sachsenplatz 4-6, 1201 Wien 488 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, in conjunction with Springer-Verlag New York, is pleased to announce a new series: CRYSTALS Growth, Properties, and Applications The series presents critical reviews of recent developments in the field of crystal growth, properties, and applications. A substantial portion of the new series will be devoted to the theory, mechanisms, and techniques of crystal growth. Occasionally, clear, concise, complete, and tested instructions for growing crystals will be published, particularly in the case of methods and procedures that promise to have general applicability. Responding to the ever-increasing need for crystal substances in research and industry, appropriate space will be devoted to methods of crystal characterization and analysis in the broadest sense, even though reproducible results may be expected only when structures, microstructures, and composition are really known. Relations among procedures, properties, and the morphology of crystals will also be treated with reference to specific aspects of their practical application. In this way the series will bridge the gaps between the needs of research and industry, the pos sibilities and limitations of crystal growth, and the properties of crystals. Reports on the broad spectrum of new applications - in electronics, laser tech nology, and nonlinear optics, to name only a few - will be of interest not only to industry and technology, but to wider areas of applied physics as well and to solid state physics in particular. In response to the growing interest in and importance of organic crystals and polymers, they will also be treated.Springer-Verlag KG, Sachsenplatz 4-6, 1201 Wien 212 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -The series 'Chemistry of Plant Protection' continues the handbook 'Chemie der Pflanzenschutz- und Schädlingsbekämpfungsmittel', edited by R. Wegler. This volume covers contributions in the fields of pyrethroid residues and immunoassays.Springer-Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 244 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -While expert systems technology originated in the United States, its development has become an international concern. Since the start of the DENDRAL project at Stanford University over 15 years ago, with its objective of problem-solving via the automation of actual human expert knowledge, significant expert systems projects have been completed in countries rang ing from Japan to France, Spain to China. This book presents a sample of five such projects, along with four substantial reports of mature studies from North American researchers. Two important issues of expert system design permeate the papers in this volume. The first concerns the incorporation of substantial numeric knowledge into a system. This has become a significant focus of work as researchers have sought to apply expert systems tech nology to complex, real-world domains already subject to statistical or algebraic description (and handled well at some level in numeric terms). A second prominent issue is that of representing control knowledge in a manner which is both explicit, and thus available for inspection, and compatible with the semantics of the problem domain.Springer-Verlag KG, Sachsenplatz 4-6, 1201 Wien 484 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -This book is a collection of reviews on the renal transport of organic substances. The first chapters deal with general aspects of the topic. The following articles treat the present knowledge on the renal trans port of specific compounds or classes of organic substances, whereas the fmal chapter on comparative physiology deals with the renal trans port of organic substances in non-mammalian vertebrates. The articles of this volume were presented in an abbreviated form as introductory lectures at a recent Symposium on Renal Transport of Organic Substances. This conference was organized by Prof. Deetjen and the editors, and was held in Innsbruck, Austria, in July 1980 at the Department of Physiology of the University of Innsbruck. During this conference the authors of the free communications (published as abstracts ill Renal Physiology, 2 (3), pp 135-166 (1980) as well as Drs. C. Gottschalk, T. Hoshi, K.C. Huang, J.P. Kokko, Ch. de Rouffignac, K. Scharer, BM. Schmidt-Nielsen, and J.A. Young, who acted as chair persons at the meeting, were invaluable contributors to the discussions of the topics reviewed in this volume. We hope that the book will be of value to nephrologists, to renal physiologists, and to those who are involved in teaching physiology, pharmacology, and internal medicine.Springer-Verlag KG, Sachsenplatz 4-6, 1201 Wien 332 pp. Englisch.…