springer us jan 2013 (227 resultados)

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Included in this volume is a broad range of topics. Immunology is such a diverse field that many of the subspecialties overlap, and one finds it convenient and necessary to integrate information from several of them. We try to focus on the molecular aspects of immunology as much as is reasonable, but some con tributions consist of ablend of molecular and cellular immunology and even immunopathology. This is as it should be, since information at the molecular level often provides an explanation of phenomena observed at other levels. Myelin basic protein holds the interest of immunologists because it is impli cated in the induction of the autoimmune disease called experimental allergie encephalomyelitis (EAE). Although much biochemical and immunological information about this protein has been uncovered, it is not understood how such an inaccessible self-antigen can serve as the focal point in the central ner vous system for myelin basic protein-specific EAE-inducing T cells. Day dis cusses the problem by first reviewing the sequences of the proteins from several species and the antigenicity of the proteins and peptides derived from them. The reader is then led into a thorough discussion of the immunological relation ships that do and do not influence development of the encephalitis. From this discussion, the author promulgates the bystander model as the best overall mechanism to explain why different fragments of the highly conserved protein are needed by various species to give rise to the same type of localized central nervous system disease.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - In their classic paper in 1929, Drury and Szent-Gyorgyi described a number of the important cardiovascular actions of adenosine. Another thirty years were to pass before the possible physiological role of adenosine in coronary vasodilation was studied by Berne and others. Since then, there has been a tremendous increase in research into the actions of adenosine. Workers from many disciplines have employed a wide variety of techniques, since adenosine is a product of and a substrate for a number of metabolic pathways, is transported into cells, and acts at discrete receptor sites to modulate the activity of adenylate cyclase and to produce important actions on many cells and tissues including platelets, adipo cytes, heart, blood vessels, and other smooth muscles. International symposia on the actions of adenosine were held in 1978, 1981, and 1982, and the proceedings of these symposia have been published (Baer and Drummond, 1979; Daly et at., 1983; Berne et at., 1983). Since it is not the primary purpose of the present volume to review our current understanding of the nu merous actions of adenosine, these volumes should be consulted for such details. Rather, the present volume has been planned to provide both graduate students and investigators in pharmacology and related disciplines with a summary of some of the methods now available for the study of the actions of adenosine and, in particular, to highlight their possible uses and limitations.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - The Cell Biology of Fibroblast Cyclooxygenase.- Arachidonic Acid Metabolism During Interactions Between Glomerular and Bone Marrow-derived Cells.- Lipoxygenase Products and Their Functions in Glomeruli.- The Development of New Antileukotriene Drugs: Specific Leukotriene D4 Antagonists and 5-Lipoxygenase Inhibitors.- The Renal Cytochrome P450 System Generates Novel Arachidonic Acid Metabolites.- The Biosynthesis and Actions of Prostaglandins in the Renal Collecting Tubule and Thick Ascending Limb.- Peptide Hormones, Cytosolic Calcium and Renal Epithelial Response.- Prostaglandins, Thromboxane and Leukotrienes in the Control of Mesangial Function.- Interactions of Platelet Activating Factor and Prostaglandins in the Glomerulus and in Mesangial Cells.- Eicosanoids and Platelet Activating Factor as Possible Mediators of Injury in Experimental Nephropathies.- Eicosanoids: Role in Experimental Renal Disease.- Abnormalities of Glomerular Eicosanoid Metabolism in States of Glomerular Hyperfiltration.- Diabetic Nephropathy: Pathophysiology, Clinical Course and Susceptibility.- The Molecular, Biochemical and Human Pharmacology of Thromboxane A2 in Renal Disease.- Studies of Renal Eicosanoid Synthesis In Vivo and In Vitro.- The Role of Eicosanoids in Human Glomerular Disease.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - 1. A Model for the North Atlantic.- 2. The Geology of the Bahama-Blake Plateau Region.- 3. The Continental Margin of Eastern North America, Florida to Newfoundland.- 4. The Northeastward Termination of the Appalachian Orogen.- 5. An Outline of the Geology of the Atlantic Coast of Greenland.- 6. The Scandinavian Caledonides.- 7. The Geology of the Southern Termination of the Caledonides.- 8. The Geology of the Western Approaches.- 9. The Geology and Sedimentation History of the Bay of Biscay.- 10. Geology of West Africa and Canary and Cape Verde Islands.- 11. Cenozoic to Recent Volcanism in and around the North Atlantic Basin.- 12. The Oceanic Islands: Azores.- 13. Tectonic and Radiometric Age Comparisons.- 14. The Geophysics of the North Atlantic Basin.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - More than for any other volume of the Handbook of Neurochemistry, the chap ters in this volume on Pathological Neurochemistry deal with the interface of the laboratory bench with the patient's bedside. Most of the chapters reflect the confluence of basic scientists, clinical investigators, and physicians. Con sidered here are many of the more important disorders that afflict the nerves, muscles, spinal cord, and/or brain of mankind throughout the world. There are well over 500 such disorders. And our understanding of their nature and of measures for effective prevention or treatment depends significantly on appli cation of the biochemical disciplines that characterize neurochemistry. Before World War II, any attempt to compile a volume on pathological neurochemistry would have been largely descriptive and very rudimentary, as such 'handbooks' by Hans Winterstein (1929), Irvine Page (1937), and others demonstrate. But thanks to the many major advances in research and tech nology in the postwar decades, we now stand at the threshold of understanding how to manage many of the major neurological disorders, and we may expect more such delineations in the immediate decades ahead. Neurochemistry, de fined broadly, has played a central role in this extraordinary turn of events, progressing from what J. L. W, Thudichum in 1884 called objects of anxious empiricism to his anticipation of the proud exercise of chemical precision.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - In 1968 Drs. B. E. C. Nordin and A. Hodgkinson organized the First International Symposium on Urolithiasis Research in Leeds, England. One hundred and five participants from continental Europe, Great Britain, and the United States met to review their work and exchange ideas regarding the formation of urinary calculi. This meeting achieved several important goals. It pulled together a nidus of workers in the many scientific disciplines that relate to urolithiasis. This nidus served as the seed for research growth in a complex, interdisciplinary field. It established a forum for con tinuing communication in urolithiasis research with subsequent sym posia being held every 4 years. The Williamsburg Symposium was the fourth in the Leeds-Madrid Davos series involving 186 participants from throughout the world. A stated emphasis was on clinical research under way in the field. There were no invited speakers and for the first time the 41 papers that were presented orally at the meeting were selected from 184 submitted abstracts. A total of 134 papers were presented in the poster sessions in the afternoons where informal exchange between interested participants and investigators could occur without the restrictions of a plenary session. Virtually all areas of urolithi asis research from the most fundamental physical chemistry to clinical patterns of disease and specific modes of treatment were presented, reviewed and discussed during the meeting.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - It is now well known that the concept of drifting continents became an estab lished theory during the 1960s. Not long after this 'revolution in the earth sciences,' researchers began applying the continental drift model to problems in historical biogeography. One such problem was the origin and dispersal of the New World monkeys, the Platyrrhini. Our interests in this subject began in the late 1960s on different conti nents quite independent of one another in the cities of Florence, Italy, and Berkeley, California. In Florence in 1968, A. B. Chiarelli, through stimulating discussions with R. von Koenigswald and B. de Boer, became intrigued with the possibility that a repositioning of the continents of Africa and South America in the early Cenozoic might alter previous traditional conceptions of a North American origin of the Platyrrhini. During the early 1970s this con cept was expanded and pursued by him through discussions with students while serving as visiting professor at the University of Toronto. By this time, publication of the Journal of Human Evolution was well underway, and Dr. Chiarelli as editor encouraged a dialogue emphasizing continental drift models of primate origins which culminated in a series of articles published in that journal during 1974-75. In early 1970, while attending the University of California at Berkeley, R. L. Ciochon was introduced to the concept of continental drift and plate tectonics and their concomitant applications to vertebrate evolution through talks with paleontologist W. A. Clemens and anthropologist S. L. Washburn.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - The necessity of prediction and fine control in the food manufacturing process is becoming more important than ever before, and food researchers and engineers must confront difficulties arising from the specificity of food materials and the sensitivity of human beings to taste. Fortunately, an overview of world research reveals that the mechanisms of the many complex phenomena found in the food manufacturing process have been gradually elucidated by skilful experiments using new analytical tools, methods and theoretical analyses. This book, the proceedings of the 6th International Congress on Engineering and Food (ICEF6), held for the first time in Asia - in Chiba, Japan May 23 -27, 1993 - summarizes the frontiers of world food engineering in 1993. Congress was joined by the 4th International Conference on Fouling and Cleaning. There were 476 active members from 31 countries participating in the Congress. The editors hope that readers will find this book to be a useful review of the current state of food engineering, and will consider future developments in this research field. The editors extend thanks to the members of the organizing committee of ICEF6, and the advisors, Dr. Ryozo Toei, Professor Emeritus of Kyoto University and Dr. Masao Fujimaki, Professor Emeritus of the University of Tokyo. They also acknowledge the international advisory board members who helped the organizing committee in many ways, and the 10 foundations and 66 companies that financially supported the ICEF6. Finally, the editors are indebted to the reviewers of the manuscripts of these proceedings.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Radiography, the use of penetrating radiation to produce shadow images of the internal structure of materials, has been with us since Roentgen made his discovery of x rays in 1895. However, applications of radiography in the earth sciences and in the related field of soils engineering have, until recent ly, been slow to develop. Bruhl reported optimistically on applications in paleontology as early as 1896 and there have been additional reports through the years. However, very few paleontologists adopted the method and the significant literature is relatively restricted. In soil mechanics, Gerber observed the movement oflead pellets in sand during a plate-bearing test as early as 1929. Gradual ly, radiography was applied to other tests including those on footings, compaction of soils, strain in sand, effects of pile penetration, and displace ments under moving wheel loads. Recently, such work has broadened into much varied and sophisticated research. Applications in geology may be dated to Hamblin's work on rocks re ported in 1962. His demonstration that many fine textural and structural details can be observed in slices of rock led to experimentation by others on unconsolidated sediments and soils. Work is now expanding at an un precedented rate. In some operations, such as the logging of oceanographic cores, it is already a routine process. The advantages of radiography lie in its nondestructive nature and its ability to reveal features that sometimes cannot be seen in any other way. 172 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Aging is one of the most serious and costly health problems in the Western world. A disproportionate amount of the available health care capability is devoted to the health care of the aged and the cost of this care is soaring. Viewed in wide perspective, aging presents two problems for the researcher's consideration. First is that of providing the most efficacious therapeutic regi mens and the best possible care for those already in their latter years. The second is to determine the cause or causes for senes cence and all its attendant problems in order to decrease the im pact of senescence on general health and well being. This volume is aimed at examining possible relationships be tween biological time structure and aging and ways by which these interrelationships might be examined in terms of both the causes of senescence and the management of health problems of the elderly. The purpose of the volume is to stir the interests of chronobiolo gists in gerontology and those of gerontologists and geriatricians in chronobiology. 356 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This has been a year of substantial change for The Year in Endocrinology. The first change, though perhaps only a semantic one, nevertheless represents a landmark. Although last year's volume was designated as the first of an annual series, that seemed to me at the time merely a hope-a realistic hope, perhaps, but a hope, nevertheless. With the publication of this year's volume, however, this can accurately be said to be an annual series, one that we trust will fulfill a need and will therefore continue for years to come. Among other changes from last year's volume are some that were originally intended and others that were unintended. In the former category is the substitution of a chapter on water metabolism and vaso pressin, excellently prepared by Dr. Gary L. Robertson, for the chapter on paraendocrine syndromes that appeared last year. Chapters on these two topics will continue to appear on alternate years. Obviously, the non recurring chapter on a topic of special interest has also changed, and this year's comprises a comprehensive review of autoimmune endocrine dis ease by Drs. Jay Silverberg and Robert Volpe. The unexpected change results from the inability of Dr. Louis Avioli to continue as a member of the Editorial Board. Most fortunately, however, we have persuaded Dr. Charles R. Kleeman to join the Board and to be responsible for the chapter on the parathyroid gland and mineral metabolism. Dr. Kleeman has been assisted on the preparation of this chapter by his daughter, Dr. 420 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The subject of this book is neuroendocrinology, that branch of biological science devoted to the interactions between the two major integrative organ systems of animals-the endocrine and nervous systems. Although this science today reflects a fusion of endocrinology and neurobiology, this synthetic ap proach is relatively recent. At the beginning of the 20th century, when the British physiologists, Bayliss and Starling, first proposed endocrinology to be an independent field of inquiry, they went to great lengths to establish the autonomy of chemical secretions in general and their independence from nervous control in particular (Bayliss, W. M. , and Starling, E. H. , 1902, The mechanism of pancreatic secretion,]. Physiol. 28:325). They argued with Pav lov, who said that there was a strong influence of the nervous system on the gastrointestinal phenomena the endocrinologists were studying. For several decades, the English physiologists prevailed, at least in the West; and Pavlov's critique was not taken to heart by the practitioners of the newly emerging discipline of endocrinology. Through the work of Harris, the Scharrers, Sawyer, Everett, and others, there has been something of a scientific detente in the latter half of this century; the hybrid field of neuroendocrinology is now regarded as one of the corner stones of modern neural science and is of fundamental importance in basic and clinical endocrinology. 588 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume is concerned with metabolic reactions occurring in the nervous system. Some time ago, it was thought that since most of the intermediary metabolism that can be observed in the brain is not specific to this organ, there is little justification in studying neural metabolism as such. Later it was realized that for an understanding of neural functions, the understanding of metabolism in the brain and its alterations is essential. All aspects of the metabolism of a substrate in brain, or all metabolic reactions of the nervous system, could not be included in this volume; some will be dealt with in other volumes (such as the ones covering metabolic turn over, alterations of metabolism, or pathology). Review of the aspects covered here clearly shows that the study of metabolic reactions in the nervous system is a very active field, producing important results. As in so many areas of research, as we learn more, new aspects become known, new questions emerge, and we see that in solving some problems we open areas with many additional problems to solve. But the accomplishments to date are impressive and indicate further important advances in the future. Brain metabolism is more active, more plastic, and more comprehensive than previously estimated. It is an essential part of brain function, and with its alteration, brain function will be altered. This shows the importance of more knowledge in this area. It is hoped that this volume will be of assistance in such further studies. 728 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This comprehensive treatise on the reticuloendothelial system is a project jointly shared by individual members of the Reticuloendothelial (RE) Society and bio medical scientists in general who are interested in the intricate system of cells and molecular moieties derived from these cells which constitute the RES. It may now be more fashionable in some quarters to consider these cells as part of what is called the mononuclear phagocytic system or the lymphoreticular system. Nevertheless, because of historical developments and current interest in the subject by investigators from many diverse areas, it seems advantageous to present in one comprehensive treatise current information and knowledge con cerning basic aspects of the RES, such as morphology, biochemistry, phylogeny and ontogeny, physiology, and pharmacology as well as clinical areas including immunopathology, cancer, infectious diseases, allergy, and hypersensitivity. It is anticipated that by presenting information concerning these apparently heterogeneous topics under the unifying umbrella of the RES attention will be focused on the similarities as well as interactions among the cell types constitut ing the RES from the viewpoint of various disciplines. The treatise editors and their editorial board, consisting predominantly of the editors of individual vol umes, are extremely grateful for the enthusiastic cooperation and enormous task undertaken by members of the biomedical community in general and especially by members of the American as well as European and Japanese Reticuloendothe lial Societies. 788 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The conference entitled 'The Translational Apparatus' was held in Berlin from October 31 to November 5, 1992, in honorem et memoriam of H. G. Wittmann. The presentations of the rewarding, enjoyable and scientifically exciting week in Berlin were a fitting appreciation of this great man, and all participants and speakers contributed to the success of the meeting. The second reason for holding the Berlin meeting was to convene a group of scientists for a state-of-the-art presentation on ribosomes and related subjects; the outcome is this book. We have broadened the spectrum of topics to cover activities preceding and following pure ribosomal functions, such as 'Synthetases' and 'Protein Sorting', respectively, and we took the liberty of ordering the contributions in a way which does not always reflect the order of speakers. We are grateful to the authors who patiently tolerated our organization and our regulations for manuscripts. K.H. Nierhaus F. Franceschi A.R. Subramanian v CONTENTS I. tRNA and Aminoaeyl-tRNA Synthetases 1. The Crystal Structure of SeryI-tRNA Synthetase and its Complexes with A TP and tRNASer. 1 S. Cusack, C. Berthet-Colominas, V. Biou, F. Borel, M. Fujinaga, M. Hartlein, I. 764 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume, the second in the Methods in Pharmacology series, contains some of the physical methods which either have been or could be applied to pharmaco logical problems. A major emphasis has been placed on spectroscopic techniques, particularly those, such as optical rotatory dispersion and circular dichroism, fluorescence spectroscopy, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy, stopped flow and relaxation spectrometry, Mossbauer spectroscopy, light scatter and x-ray crystallography, that can be used to study drug interactions with biological systems at a molecular level. Although phosphorescence spectro scopy and oscillographic polarography can also be used to study drug interactions, their main usefulness is in the detection and estimation of drugs and their meta bolities in body tissues and fluids. Mass spectrometry is a powerful tool for study ing the metabolism of drugs as well as for detecting abnormal endogenous metabolites in the body. Finally, heatburst microcalorimetry is a non spectroscopic technique that can be used to study how drugs and other ligands interact with biological macromolecules. Each chapter contains a brief introduction to the theoretical basis for each technique as well as a description of the instrumentation involved. This is followed by a section describing the application of the technique to pharmacological prob lems. Where these are not available, examples have been drawn from the other life sciences. In a final section, some further applications of each technique to problems in pharmacology are suggested. 512 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This is the first book that is devoted entirely to a discussion of the effects on drinking behavior of sensory stimulation of the tongue and mouth. As Blass and Hall (J 976) have recently pointed out, there has been an overrejection of the emphasis by Cannon (1932) and Hull (1943) on the peripheral origins (e. g. , dry mouth, empty stomach) of the control of ingestive behavior. Thus most present-day investigators of drinking behavior have been concentrat ing on central mechanisms of control, to the neglect of the periphery. In this volume we have attempted to bring together much of the pertinent 'peripheral' literature through originally written chapters that are concerned with the role of orosensory factors in the mediation of drinking and licking. Postingestive effects of fluids receive little attention. Indeed, two chapters deal with consummatory licking in the absence of intake of fluids. A good understanding of the consequences of orosensory stimulation on licking and drinking behavior requires insight into the functional anatomy of the tongue and mouth, the characteristics of the licking response and the problem of recording of licking behavior. Several chapters deal with these subjects. It has not only been a pleasure but also a privilege to edit this volume. We have learned much from the expert treatment of the different aspects of licking and drinking behavior by the chapters' authors. 440 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -These proceedings report the lectures and seminars presented at the NATO Advanced Study Institute on 'Optical Properties of Ions in Solids,' held at Erice, Italy, June 6-21, 1974. The Institute was the first activity of the International School of Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy of the 'Ettore Majorana' Centre for Scientific Culture. The Institute consisted of a series of lectures on optical properties of ions in solids that, starting at a fundamental level, finally reached the current level of research. The sequence of lectures and the organization of the material taught were in keeping with a didactical presentation. In essence the Institute had the two-fold purpose of organizing what was known on the subject, and updating the knowledge in the field. Fif'teen series of lectures for a total of 44 hours were given. Five one-hour seminars and five twenty-minute seminars were presented. A total of 57 participants came from 40 laboratories in the following countries: Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Netherlands; Polatid, Romania, Switzerland, the United Ki~gdom, and the United States. The secretaries of the Institute were: D. Pacheco for the scientific aspects and A. La Francesca for the administrative aspects of the meeting. These proceedings report the lectures, the one-hour seminars (abstracts only) and the twenty-minute- seminars (titles only). The proceedings report also the contributions sent by Prof. K. Rebane and Dr. L. A. Rebane who, unfortunately, were not able to come. 512 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Volume V deals with the problems of turnover in the nervous system. 'Turnover' is defined in different ways, and the term is used in different contexts. It is used rather broadly in the present volume, and intentionally so. The turnover of macromolecules is only one aspect; here 'turnover' in dicates the simultaneous and coordinated formation and breakdown of macromolecular species. The complexities of cerebral protein turnover are shown in a separate chapter dealing with the synthesis of proteins, in another on breakdown, and in still another on the relationship of these two (showing how the two halves of turnover are controlled). The fact that most likely the two halves of protein turnover, synthesis and breakdown, are separated spatially and the mechanisms involved are different further emphasizes the complexity of macromolecular turnover. 'Turnover' is used in a different context when the turnover of a cycle is discussed; but here again a number of complex metabolic reactions have to be interrelated and controlled; some such cycles are discussed briefly in this volume, additional cycles have been discussed with metabolism, and some cycles still await elucidation or discovery. 480 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Neurochemistry, having the objective of elucidating biochemical processes subserving nervous activity, emerged as an application of chemistry to the of neurobiological problems as a post-World War II phenomenon. investigation However, only in the last 40 years has the chemical community recognized neurochemistry as a distinct, if hybrid, discipline. During this period great strides have been made. However, recently neurochemistry, along with neu rophysiology, neuropharmacology, neuroanatomy, and the behavioral sci ences, has emerged to form neuroscience, a new community of scientists with its own national society, journals, and meetings. Actually, this recently formed hybrid, neuroscience, is in the process of merging with another well-established discipline, molecular genetics (frequently called molecular biology, and itself a hybrid), which appears to have sufficient hybrid vigor to form yet a new community of scientists, which, for want of a more imaginative term, has been called molecular genetic neuroscience. Clearly, advantages resulting from such mergers or hybridizations accrue not only from the merging discipline (neurochemistry in this case) to the new community (molecular genetic neuroscience), but also in the reverse direction. This Foreword will be concerned primarily with examples of this latter process. 736 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Two central ideas in the movement toward advanced automation systems are the office-of-the-future (or office automation system), and the factory of-the-future (or factory automation system). An office automation system is an integrated system with diversified office equipment, communication devices, intelligent terminals, intelligent copiers, etc., for providing information management and control in a dis tributed office environment. A factory automation system is also an inte grated system with programmable machine tools, robots, and other pro cess equipment such as new 'peripherals,' for providing manufacturing information management and control. Such advanced automation systems can be regarded as the response to the demand for greater variety, greater flexibility, customized designs, rapid response, and 'Just-in-time' delivery of office services or manufac tured goods. The economy of scope, which allows the production of a vari ety of similar products in random order, gradually replaces the economy of scale derived from overall volume of operations. In other words, we are gradually switching from the production of large volumes of standard products to systems for the production of a wide variety of similar products in small batches. This is the phenomenon of 'demassification' of the marketplace, as described by Alvin Toffier in The Third Wave. 544 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The content of Volume 8 of the Handbook of Neurochemistry is a perfect example and sample of what occupies neurochemists in the late 1980s. What occupies them are questions, concepts, and technology that either did not start with the nervous system, or rapidly moved out of its exclusivity (see, for in stance, chapters on neurotensin, beta-lipotropin, behavioral and neurochemical effects of ACTH, cholecystokinin, etc.). Thus, the neurochemist is more and more seen as a biochemist occupied by questions, concepts, and technology that are not unique to the nervous system, even though the ultimate substrate of these questions, as well as the ultimate functions so studied and occasionally explained, are of the nervous system. Look at the case of the hypothalamic hypophysiotropic peptides, also called hypothalamic releasing factors, or hypothalamic releasing hormones. These are all small-to-medium-size polypeptides originally characterized in ex tracts of the hypothalamus on the basis of bioassays directed at studying their effects on one or another of the secretions of the adenohypophysis. We know now that TRFs (See Chapter 8), the thyrotropin and prolactin releasing factor, somatostatin, the hypothalamic inhibitor of the secretion of growth hormone, as well as LRF, the hypothalamic decapeptide stimulating the secretion of pituitary gonadotropins, are to be found in parts of the brain other than the hypothalamus, where their function is obviously not hypophysiotropic. Such is also the case for CRF-the corticotropin and beta-endorphin releasing factor. 704 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -THE PHYSICAL BASIS FOR HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS is the proceedings of the ninth Battelle Colloquium in the Materials Sciences, held in Gstaad, Switzerland, September 2-6, 1974. It took as its theme the application of modern theoretical and experimental surface physics to heterogeneous catalysis. Progress in the field by classical chemical methods seemed to have slowed down, at a time when the need for better catalysts was particularly great. The Organizing Committee thought it might be possible to accelerate progress by the application of the powerful techniques evolved in recent years for studying atomically clean surfaces. However, the translation of ideas derived from clean single crystal surfaces with well characterized chemisorbed layers to real catalysts with high ratios of surface to mass on which reactions were taking place and requiring transport of mass and energy is a giant step, raising many questions and requiring thorough discussion by surface physicists on the one hand and catalytic chemists on the other. The 1974 Battelle Colloquium provided a forum for this exchange. As its usual custom, the Colloquium started the first day of introduc tory lectures by three distinguished scientists who have contributed impor tantly over many years to this field. 628 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The Electronic Properties Information Center has developed the Data Table as a precis of the most reliable information available for the physical, crystallographic, mechanical, thermal, electronic, magnetic and optical properties of a given material. Data Tables serve as an introduction to the graphic data compilations on the material published by the Electronic Properties Information Center, EPIC, as Data Sheets. Although the Data Sheets are principally concerned, according to the scope of the Center, with electronic and optical data, it is believed that data covering the complete property spectrum is of the first importance to every scientist and engineer, whatever his information requirements. The enthusiastic reception of these Data Tables has confirmed this opinion and increasing requests for this highly selective type of information has resulted in these III -V Semiconductor Compounds Data Tables. The major problem in this type of selective data compilation on a semiconducting material, lies in the material purity. Properties may vary so widely with doping, crystallinity, defects, geometric forms and the other parameters of preparation, that any attempts at comparison normally fail. On this basis, we have consis tently attempted to give values derived from experiments on the highest purity single crystals or epitaxial films. At the very least, these data should be reproducible and this gives the data their principal validity. If such values however, are not available, then the next best data are reported, together with material speci fications. These latter include the carrier concentration and the dopant. 124 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -How to produce images with sound has intrigued engineers and scientists for many years. Bats, whales and dolphins can easily get good mental images with acoustical energy, but humans have little natural ability for obtaining such images. The history of engineering and science, however, is an impressive demonstration that technological solutions can compensate, and then some, for deficiencies of nature in humans. Thus with the proper technology, we too can 'see' with sound. Many methods involv ing ultrasonic energy can be employed to enable us to do so. Few of these methods are at all reminiscent of the acoustic systems employed by animals. Pulse-echo, phase-amplitude and amplitude-mapping approaches constitute the conceptual bases for three fundamentally different types of acoustic imaging systems and can be used for categorizing the systems. However, by now systems exist that combine the approaches in such sophisticated ways as to make an unambiguous categorization of some of the more complicated systems difficult or impossible. Among the instruments so far pro duced are mechanically-scanning focused instruments, chirped pulse-echo instruments, and instruments involving holography, tomography, parametric excitation, phase conju gation, neural networks, random phase transduction, finite element methods, Doppler frequency shifting, pseudo inversion, Bragg diffraction and reflection, and a host of other principles. The fifty-five chapters in this volume are selected from papers presented at the Eighteenth International Symposium on Acoustical Imaging which was held in Santa Barbara, California on September 18 - 20, 1989. 572 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book deals with a subject that has been studied since the beginning of physical chemistry. Despite the thousands of articles and scores of books devoted to solvation thermodynamics, I feel that some fundamen tal and well-established concepts underlying the traditional approach to this subject are not satisfactory and need revision. The main reason for this need is that solvation thermodynamics has traditionally been treated in the context of classical (macroscopic) ther modynamics alone. However, solvation is inherently a molecular pro cess, dependent upon local rather than macroscopic properties of the system. Therefore, the starting point should be based on statistical mechanical methods. For many years it has been believed that certain thermodynamic quantities, such as the standard free energy (or enthalpy or entropy) of solution, may be used as measures of the corresponding functions of solvation of a given solute in a given solvent. I first challenged this notion in a paper published in 1978 based on analysis at the molecular level. During the past ten years, I have introduced several new quantities which, in my opinion, should replace the conventional measures of solvation thermodynamics. To avoid confusing the new quantities with those referred to conventionally in the literature as standard quantities of solvation, I called these 'nonconventional,' 'generalized,' and 'local' standard quantities and attempted to point out the advantages of these new quantities over the conventional ones. 264 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The purpose of this book is to present computationally efficient algorithms for calculating the dynamics of robot mechanisms represented as systems of rigid bodies. The efficiency is achieved by the use of recursive formulations of the equations of motion, i.e. formulations in which the equations of motion are expressed implicitly in terms of recurrence relations between the quantities describing the system. The use of recursive formulations in dynamics is fairly new, 50 the principles of their operation and reasons for their efficiency are explained. Three main algorithms are described: the recursIve Newton-Euler formulation for inverse dynamics (the calculation of the forces given the accelerations), and the composite-rigid-body and articulated-body methods for forward dynamics (the calculation of the accelerations given the forces). These algorithms are initially described in terms of an un-branched, open loop kinematic chain -- a typical serial robot mechanism. This is done to keep the descriptions of the algorithms simple, and is in line with descriptions appearing in the literature. Once the basic algorithms have been introduced, the restrictions on the mechanism are lifted and the algorithms are extended to cope with kinematic trees and loops, and general constraints at the joints. The problem of simulating the effect of contact between a robot and its environment is also considered. Some consideration is given to the details and practical problems of implementing these algori hms on a computer. 224 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The principal goal of the Handbook of Behavioral Neurobiology is a systematic, critical, and timely exposition of those aspects of neuroscience that have direct and immediate bearing on overt behavior. In this first volume, subtitled 'Sensory Integration,' the subject matter has been subdivided and the authors selected with this particular goal in mind. Although the early chapters (on the phylogeny and ontogeny of sensory systems, and on the common properties of sensory systems) are somewhat too abstract to permit many direct behavioral inferences, the focus on behavior has been maintained there too as closely as is now possible. A behavioral orientation is most obvious in the remaining chapters, which layout for each sensory modality in turn what is now known about structure-behavior relationships. The handbook is primarily intended to serve as a ready reference for two types of readers: first, practicing neuroscientists looking for a concise and authori tative treatment of developments outside of their particular specialities; and second, students of one or another branch of neuroscience who need an overview of the persistent questions and current problems surrounding the relation of the perceptual systems to behavior. The requirements imposed by the decision to address these particular audiences are reflected in the scope and style of the chapters as well as in their content. 596 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -It is now more than twenty years since a proposal was first mooted to hold an international tunnelling symposium in Britain. At the time of the first symposium, held in London in 1976, the Channel Tunnel pro ject had just been shelved. Last weekend a charity walk was held in the finished tunnel, which will be open for business later in the year. Tunnels have figured prominently, and at times spectacularly, in the development of national and international links and it is hoped that such links gather pace in the future. It is particularly pleasing that Alastair Biggart of Storebrelt has agreed to deliver the twenty-sixth Sir Julius Wernher Memorial Lecture of the Institution of Mining and Metallurgy, entitled 'The changing face of tunnelling', at the start of this event. \* Although almost every edition of the technical journals on tunnelling reports another £1 billion scheme somewhere in the world, it would be unfair of me to suggest that tunnelling is restricted to these prestigious schemes for major transport links. Much of the work that makes mod ern life possible receives hardly a mention outside the technical press and one suspects that society at large applies the 'out of sight, out of mind' attitude even more readily to underground construction than it does to other forms of engineering. Clearly, there is a contiiming need to improve the capacity and performance of our infrastructure, while hav ing a careful regard for the environment. 848 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Assembly of 'difficult' components onto printed circuit boards is emerging as an important application area for small, fast industrial robots. For other robot tasks - for example paint spraying or arc welding - the applications engineer can rely on a body of published information representing decades of accumulated knowledge about the actual process being automated. But for the process of assembly relatively little systematically presented knowledge exists, mainly because so much manual assembly depends on extremely subtle co-ordination of hand, eye and brain which is hard to represent directly in engineering terms. As for the particular processes of electronic assembly, they have hardly been covered at all in the literature. Yet the design of a good PCB automation system depends crucially on the responsible engineer fully understanding every aspect of the process he or she is automating, whether working for the electronics manufacturer, an automation company, a research laboratory or a machine builder. The author of this book has had extensive practical experience in all these roles: as a source of great detail on most aspects of the electronic assembly process it will be of unique value not only to the robot specialist but well beyond that to anyone needing to understand how printed circuit boards are manufactured. P. G. Davey Acknowledgements The author is indebted to many companies and individuals from within the pcb assembly industry. 216 pp. Englisch.