springer springer nov 2009 (655 resultados)

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware -The rich programme of ICIDS 2009, comprising invited talks, technical pres- tations and posters, demonstrations, and co-located post-conference workshops clearly underscores the event's status as premier international meeting in the domain. It thereby con rms the decision taken by the Constituting Committee of the conference series to take the step forward: out of the national cocoons of its precursors, ICVS and TIDSE, and towards an itinerant platform re ecting its global constituency. This move re ects the desire and the will to take on the challenge to stay on the lookout, critically re ect upon and integrate views and ideas, ndingsandexperiences,andtopromoteinterdisciplinaryexchange,while ensuring overall coherence and maintaining a sense of direction. This is a signi cant enterprise: The challenges sought are multifarious and must be addressed consistently at all levels. The desire to involve all research communitiesandstakeholdersmustbematchedbyacknowledgingthedi erences in established practises and by providing suitable means of guidance and int- duction, exposition and direct interaction at the event itself and of lasting (and increasingly:living) documentation, of which the present proceedings are but an important part. 360 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - The purpose of this handbook is to give the practitioner a quick overview of type 2 diabetes, along with practical suggestions for the management of this condition. This serves to counteract any unnecessary complications (which are also discussed) that can arise out of living with this condition.The book will cover not only ways in which patients can help themselves through healthy eating and exercise, but will also provide a detailed yet easy reference guide to possible medical therapies and drugs such as insulin. Patient education is also touched upon.

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Peer-to-peer networking is a disruptive technology for large scale distributed app- cations that has recently gained wide interest due to the successes of peer-to-peer (P2P) content sharing, media streaming, and telephony applications. There are a large range of other applications under development or being proposed. The - derlying architectures share features such as decentralizaton, sharing of end system resources, autonomy, virtualization, and self-organization. These features constitute the P2P paradigm. This handbook broadly addresses a large cross-section of c- rent research and state-of-the-art reports on the nature of this paradigm from a large number of experts in the eld. Several trends in information and network technology such as increased perf- mance and deployment of broadband networking, wireless networking, and mobile devices are synergistic with and reinforcing the capabilities of the P2P paradigm. There is general expectation in the technical community that P2P networking will continue to be an important tool for networked applications and impact the evo- tion of the Internet. A large amount of research activity has resulted in a relatively short time, and a growing community of researchers has developed. The Handbook of Peer-to-Peer Networking is dedicated to discussions on P2P networks and their applications. This is a comprehensive book on P2P computing.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware -'Wo soll ich hin ' fragt Frau M. Statt bei ihr zu bleiben, bringt Anne die alte Dame in ihr Zimmer. Der Autor beschreibt den Pflegealltag, und deutet und erklärt ihn aus der Sicht der Pflegenden. Anschaulich und praxisnah, schildert er hilflose, oft verzweifelte Rettungsversuche von Pflegenden. Für sie eröffnet er mit seinem Bild vom Festland und dem Meer der Ver-rücktheit neue Sichtweisen und Handlungsalternativen. Für manchen eine ungewohnte Übung, eigene Bedürfnisse in den Vordergrund zu stellen und sich in Form von Rettungsbooten, Schleusen und Inseln Überlebenshilfen zu schaffen. Viele erprobte Beispiele zeigen: dieser Weg lohnt sich. 180 pp. Deutsch.

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware -Rückblick und Sachstand der technologischen Aspekte bei der Entwicklung verteilter Führungsinformationssysteme, einer zentralen Aufgabe in der Bundeswehr sowie bei Behörden und Organisationen mit Sicherheitsaufgeben (z.B. Polizei, Rettungskräfte).Vornehmlich Wissenschaftler der Abteilung Informationstechnik für Führungssysteme des Forschungsinstituts für Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie beschreiben basierend auf einer 40-jährigen Erfahrung in diesem Anwendungsgebiet Konzepte und Einzelaspekte bei der Gestaltung von Führungsinformationssystemen. Reflektiert werden aktuelle Problembereiche bei der Vernetzung unterschiedlicher Systeme, einer der derzeit größten Herausforderungen bei der Neugestaltung der Abläufe und Systeme in der Bundeswehr und in verwandten Einrichtungen. Dazu werden Informationsstrukturen und Prozesse untersucht, Systemarchitekturen ausgewertet und kombiniert sowie Laborstudien und Feldversuche beschrieben.In ca. 25 Beiträgen wird eine Lücke in der verfügbaren Literatur geschlossen, die der Vielzahl von Entwicklern und Anwendern einen Einblick in die aktuelle Lage und die zukünftigen Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten bietet.

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Rückblick und Sachstand der technologischen Aspekte bei der Entwicklung verteilter Führungsinformationssysteme, einer zentralen Aufgabe in der Bundeswehr sowie bei Behörden und Organisationen mit Sicherheitsaufgeben (z.B. Polizei, Rettungskräfte).Vornehmlich Wissenschaftler der Abteilung Informationstechnik für Führungssysteme des Forschungsinstituts für Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie beschreiben basierend auf einer 40-jährigen Erfahrung in diesem Anwendungsgebiet Konzepte und Einzelaspekte bei der Gestaltung von Führungsinformationssystemen. Reflektiert werden aktuelle Problembereiche bei der Vernetzung unterschiedlicher Systeme, einer der derzeit größten Herausforderungen bei der Neugestaltung der Abläufe und Systeme in der Bundeswehr und in verwandten Einrichtungen. Dazu werden Informationsstrukturen und Prozesse untersucht, Systemarchitekturen ausgewertet und kombiniert sowie Laborstudien und Feldversuche beschrieben.In ca. 25 Beiträgen wird eine Lücke in der verfügbaren Literatur geschlossen, die der Vielzahl von Entwicklern und Anwendern einen Einblick in die aktuelle Lage und die zukünftigen Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten bietet.

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware -Rückblick und Sachstand der technologischen Aspekte bei der Entwicklung verteilter Führungsinformationssysteme, einer zentralen Aufgabe in der Bundeswehr sowie bei Behörden und Organisationen mit Sicherheitsaufgeben (z.B. Polizei, Rettungskräfte).Vornehmlich Wissenschaftler der Abteilung Informationstechnik für Führungssysteme des Forschungsinstituts für Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie beschreiben basierend auf einer 40-jährigen Erfahrung in diesem Anwendungsgebiet Konzepte und Einzelaspekte bei der Gestaltung von Führungsinformationssystemen. Reflektiert werden aktuelle Problembereiche bei der Vernetzung unterschiedlicher Systeme, einer der derzeit größten Herausforderungen bei der Neugestaltung der Abläufe und Systeme in der Bundeswehr und in verwandten Einrichtungen. Dazu werden Informationsstrukturen und Prozesse untersucht, Systemarchitekturen ausgewertet und kombiniert sowie Laborstudien und Feldversuche beschrieben.In ca. 25 Beiträgen wird eine Lücke in der verfügbaren Literatur geschlossen, die der Vielzahl von Entwicklern und Anwendern einen Einblick in die aktuelle Lage und die zukünftigen Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten bietet. 344 pp. Deutsch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Based on the encoding process, arithmetic codes can be viewed as tree codes and current proposals for decoding arithmetic codes with forbidden symbols belong to sequential decoding algorithms and their variants. In this monograph, we propose a new way of looking at arithmetic codes with forbidden symbols. If a limit is imposed on the maximum value of a key parameter in the encoder, this modified arithmetic encoder can also be modeled as a finite state machine and the code generated can be treated as a variable-length trellis code. The number of states used can be reduced and techniques used for decoding convolutional codes, such as the list Viterbi decoding algorithm, can be applied directly on the trellis. The finite state machine interpretation can be easily migrated to Markov source case. We can encode Markov sources without considering the conditional probabilities, while using the list Viterbi decoding algorithm which utilizes the conditional probabilities. We can also use context-based arithmetic coding to exploit the conditional probabilities of the Markov source and apply a finite state machine interpretation to this problem.The finite state machine interpretation also allows us to more systematically understand arithmetic codes with forbidden symbols. It allows us to find the partial distance spectrum of arithmetic codes with forbidden symbols. We also propose arithmetic codes with memories which use high memory but low implementation precision arithmetic codes. The low implementation precision results in a state machine with less complexity. The introduced input memories allow us to switch the probability functions used for arithmetic coding. Combining these two methods give us a huge parameter space of the arithmetic codes with forbidden symbols. Hence we can choose codes with better distance properties while maintaining the encoding efficiency and decoding complexity. A construction and search method is proposed and simulation results show that we can achieve a similar performance as turbo codes when we apply this approach to rate 2/3 arithmetic codes.Table of Contents: Introduction / Arithmetic Codes / Arithmetic Codes with Forbidden Symbols / Distance Property and Code Construction / Conclusion 80 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The present collection of formulas has been composed for students of economics or management science at universities, colleges and trade schools. It contains basic knowledge in mathematics, financial mathematics and statistics in a compact and clearly arranged form. This volume is meant to be a reference work to be used by students of undergraduate courses together with a textbook, and by researchers in need of exact statements of mathematical results. People dealing with practical or applied problems will also find this collection to be an efficient and easy-to-use work of reference. 208 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Today's children may well become the first generation of Americans whose life expectancy will be shorter than that of their parents. The culprit, public health experts agree, is obesity and its associated health problems. Heretofore, the strategy to slow obesity's galloping pace has been driven by what the philosopher Karl Popper calls ''the bucket theory of the mind. '' When minds are seen as containers and public understanding is viewed as being a function of how many scientific facts are known, the focus is naturally on how many scientific facts public minds contain. But the strategy has not worked. Despite all the diet books, the wide availability of reduced-calorie and reduced-fat foods, and the broad publicity about the obesity problem, America's waistline continues to expand. It will take more than food pyramid images or a new nutritional guideline to stem obesity's escalation. Albert Einstein once observed that the significant problems we face cannot be solved at the same level of thinking we were at when we created them, and that we would have to shift to a new level, a deeper level of thinking,tosolvethem. Thisbookarguesfor,andpresents,adifferent perspective for thinking about and addressing the obesity problem: a systems thinking perspective. While already commonplace in engineering and in business, the use of systems thinking in personal health is less widely adopted. Yet this is precisely the setting where complexities are most problematicandwherethestakesarehighest. 488 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This lecture provides a tutorial introduction to the Nyström and locally-corrected Nyström methods when used for the numerical solutions of the common integral equations of two-dimensional electromagnetic fields. These equations exhibit kernel singularities that complicate their numerical solution. Classical and generalized Gaussian quadrature rules are reviewed. The traditional Nyström method is summarized, and applied to the magnetic field equation for illustration. To obtain high order accuracy in the numerical results, the locally-corrected Nyström method is developed and applied to both the electric field and magnetic field equations. In the presence of target edges, where current or charge density singularities occur, the method must be extended through the use of appropriate singular basis functions and special quadrature rules. This extension is also described. Table of Contents: Introduction / Classical Quadrature Rules / The Classical Nyström Method / The Locally-Corrected Nyström Method / Generalized Gaussian Quadrature / LCN Treatment of Edge Singularities 116 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The Heinz Nixdorf Museum Forum (HNF) is the world's largest c- puter museum and is dedicated to portraying the past, present and future of information technology. In the 'Year of Informatics 2006' the HNF was particularly keen to examine the history of this still quite young discipline. The short-lived nature of information technologies means that individuals, inventions, devices, institutes and companies'age' more rapidly than in many other specialties. And in the nature of things the group of computer pioneers from the early days is growing smaller all the time. To supplement a planned new exhibit on 'Software and Inform- ics' at the HNF, the idea arose of recording the history of informatics in an accompanying publication. Mysearchforsuitablesourcesandauthorsveryquickly cameupwith the right answer, the very rst name in Germany: Friedrich L. Bauer, Professor Emeritus of Mathematics at the TU in Munich, one of the - thers of informatics in Germany and for decades the indefatigable author of the'Historical Notes' column of the journal Informatik Spektrum. Friedrich L. Bauer was already the author of two works on the history of informatics, published in different decades and in different books. Both of them are notable for their knowledgeable, extremely comp- hensive and yet compact style. My obvious course was to motivate this author to amalgamate, supplement and illustrate his previous work. 152 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Considerable progress has been made in recent years in the development of dialogue systems that support robust and efficient human-machine interaction using spoken language. Spoken dialogue technology allows various interactive applications to be built and used for practical purposes, and research focuses on issues that aim to increase the system's communicative competence by including aspects of error correction, cooperation, multimodality, and adaptation in context. This book gives a comprehensive view of state-of-the-art techniques that are used to build spoken dialogue systems. It provides an overview of the basic issues such as system architectures, various dialogue management methods, system evaluation, and also surveys advanced topics concerning extensions of the basic model to more conversational setups. The goal of the book is to provide an introduction to the methods, problems, and solutions that are used in dialogue system development and evaluation. It presents dialogue modelling and system development issues relevant in both academic and industrial environments and also discusses requirements and challenges for advanced interaction management and future research. Table of Contents: Preface / Introduction to Spoken Dialogue Systems / Dialogue Management / Error Handling / Case Studies: Advanced Approaches to Dialogue Management / Advanced Issues / Methodologies and Practices of Evaluation / Future Directions / References / Author Biographies 168 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Indigenous Peoples, Consent and Benefit Sharing is the first in-depth account of the Hoodia bioprospecting case and use of San traditional knowledge, placing it in the global context of indigenous peoples' rights, consent and benefit-sharing. It is unique as the first interdisciplinary analysis of consent and benefit sharing in which philosophers apply their minds to questions of justice in the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), lawyers interrogate the use of intellectual property rights to protect traditional knowledge, environmental scientists analyse implications for national policies, anthropologists grapple with the commodification of knowledge and, uniquely, case experts from Asia, Australia and North America bring their collective expertise and experiences to bear on the San-Hoodia case. 400 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -A comprehensive look at how the 'establishment' responded to the Italian student revolt of 1968. Using oral interviews, media analysis and archival evidence, the book explores the reactions of those who became the frequent targets of student protests - professors, police, activists' parents, the clergy, journalists, lawyers and auto workers. 185 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book reveals that 1969-74 was a crucial period for the special relationship. The Heath Government attempted to reverse Britain's decline as a great power by forging an American-European special relationship out of the Anglo-American relationship. Simultaneously the Nixon Administration tried to recoup the global position of the United States. 293 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Automorphic forms on the upper half plane have been studied for a long time. Most attention has gone to the holomorphic automorphic forms, with numerous applications to number theory. Maass, [34], started a systematic study of real analytic automorphic forms. He extended Hecke's relation between automorphic forms and Dirichlet series to real analytic automorphic forms. The names Selberg and Roelcke are connected to the spectral theory of real analytic automorphic forms, see, e. g. , [50], [51]. This culminates in the trace formula of Selberg, see, e. g. , Hejhal, [21]. Automorphicformsarefunctionsontheupperhalfplanewithaspecialtra- formation behavior under a discontinuous group of non-euclidean motions in the upper half plane. One may ask how automorphic forms change if one perturbs this group of motions. This question is discussed by, e. g. , Hejhal, [22], and Phillips and Sarnak, [46]. Hejhal also discusses the e ect of variation of the multiplier s- tem (a function on the discontinuous group that occurs in the description of the transformation behavior of automorphic forms). In [5]-[7] I considered variation of automorphic forms for the full modular group under perturbation of the m- tiplier system. A method based on ideas of Colin de Verdi` ere, [11], [12], gave the meromorphic continuation of Eisenstein and Poincar e series as functions of the eigenvalue and the multiplier system jointly. The present study arose from a plan to extend these results to much more general groups (discrete co nite subgroups of SL (R)). 318 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -What is it to see the world, other people, and imagined situations as making personal moral demands of us What is it to experience stories as speaking to us personally and directly Kierkegaard's Mirrors explores Kierkegaard's answers to these questions, with a new phenomenological interpretation of Kierkegaardian 'interest'. 223 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -It is more and more evident that our living system is completely disturbed by human intrusion. Such intrusion affects the functioning of entire systems in ways we do not yet fully understand. We use paradigms such as the disturbance to cover large and deep gaps in our scienti c knowledge. Human ecology is an uncertain terrain for anthropologists, geographers, and ecologists and rarely is expanded to include the social and economic realms. The integration of different disciplines and the application of their many paradigms to problems of environmental complexity remains a distant goal despite the many efforts that have been made to achieve it. Philosophical and semantic barriers are erected when such integration is pursued by pioneering scientists. Recently, evolutionary ecology has shown great interest in the spatial processes well described by the emerging discipline of landscape ecology. But this interest takes the form of pure curiosity or at worst, of skepticism toward the real capacity of landscape ecology to contribute to the advancement of ecological science. The past two centuries have been characterized by huge changes occurring in the entire ecosphere. Global changes are the effects of human intervention at a planetary scale, with consequent degradation of the environment creating an e- logical debt for future generations. On the other side of the issue, new technologies have improved the welfare of billions of people and have given hope to many other billions that they may also see such improvement in the near future. 161 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -As future generation information technology (FGIT) becomes specialized and fr- mented, it is easy to lose sight that many topics in FGIT have common threads and, because of this, advances in one discipline may be transmitted to others. Presentation of recent results obtained in different disciplines encourages this interchange for the advancement of FGIT as a whole. Of particular interest are hybrid solutions that c- bine ideas taken from multiple disciplines in order to achieve something more signi- cant than the sum of the individual parts. Through such hybrid philosophy, a new principle can be discovered, which has the propensity to propagate throughout mul- faceted disciplines. FGIT 2009 was the first mega-conference that attempted to follow the above idea of hybridization in FGIT in a form of multiple events related to particular disciplines of IT, conducted by separate scientific committees, but coordinated in order to expose the most important contributions. It included the following international conferences: Advanced Software Engineering and Its Applications (ASEA), Bio-Science and Bio-Technology (BSBT), Control and Automation (CA), Database Theory and Application (DTA), D- aster Recovery and Business Continuity (DRBC; published independently), Future G- eration Communication and Networking (FGCN) that was combined with Advanced Communication and Networking (ACN), Grid and Distributed Computing (GDC), M- timedia, Computer Graphics and Broadcasting (MulGraB), Security Technology (SecTech), Signal Processing, Image Processing and Pattern Recognition (SIP), and- and e-Service, Science and Technology (UNESST). 87 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th Asian Symposium on Programming Languages and Systems, APLAS 2009, held in Seoul, Korea, in December 2009. The 21 papers presented in this volume together with 3 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 56 submissions. The papers are divided into topical sections on program analysis, transformation and optimization, type system, separation logic, logic and foundation theory, software security and verification, and software security and verification. 359 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In view of the incessant growth of data and knowledge and the continued diversifi- tion of information dissemination on a global scale, scalability has become a ma- stream research area in computer science and information systems. The ICST INFO- SCALE conference is one of the premier forums for presenting new and exciting research related to all aspects of scalability, including system architecture, resource management, data management, networking, and performance. As the fourth conf- ence in the series, INFOSCALE 2009 was held in Hong Kong on June 10 and 11, 2009. The articles presented in this volume focus on a wide range of scalability issues and new approaches to tackle problems arising from the ever-growing size and c- plexity of information of all kind. More than 60 manuscripts were submitted, and the Program Committee selected 22 papers for presentation at the conference. Each s- mission was reviewed by three members of the Technical Program Committee. 323 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Black Woman's Burden examines the historical endeavors to regulate Black female sexuality and reproduction in the United States through methods of exploitation, control, repression, and coercion. The myth of the 'angry Black woman' has been built over generations through clever rhetoric and oppressive social policy. Here, Rousseau explores the continued impact of labeling and stereotyping on the development of policies that lead to the construction of national, racial, and gender identities for Black women. 227 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -British Party Politics and Ideology after New Labour brings together academics and politicians to debate the intellectual roots of the ideas that currently drive the main UK political parties. With major players responding to the arguments raised in each chapter, the book will be a must-read for anyone interested in or teaching British politics. 266 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Belinda Smaill proposes an original approach to documentary studies, examining how emotions such as pleasure, hope, pain, empathy, nostalgia or disgust are integral both to the representation of selfhood in documentary, and to the way documentaries circulate in the public sphere. 221 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Wexler argues that the arts are most effective when they are in service of social growth, critical to identity formation. This book balances theory with practical knowledge and offers critical research that challenges the biases regarding the nature of art and education. 248 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -A practical book detailing how to implement EI (emotional intelligence) techniques for human resource professionals and trainers developing managers and leaders. 175 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Women's Leadership challenges traditional concepts of leadership that draw on the male experience and offers an alternative construction that emerges from the female experience. Highlighting leadership's social, cultural and political roots, the authors argue that leadership is neither a free floating nor a gender neutral concept. 194 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book sets out to narrate the contributions to and influence on the history of Chile that British visitors and immigrants have had, not as bystanders but as key players, starting in 1554 with the English Queen 'Bloody Mary' becoming Queen of Chile, and ending with the decline of British influence following the Second World War. 276 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the The Second International Workshop on Optical SuperComputing, OSC 2009, held in Bertinoro, Italy, in November 2009. The 18 revised full papers presented together with 1 invited lecture were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions for inclusion in the book. Being an annual forum for research presentations on all facets of optical computing for solving hard computation tasks, OCS addresses the following topics of interest: designs of optical computing devices, algorithmics and complexity issues of optical computing, computation representation by photons and holograms, neural and brain inspired architectures, electro-optic devices, practical implementations, analysis of existing devices and case studies, optical photonics and laser switching technologies, optical and photonic memories, optical signal processing subsystems, optical networks for high-performance computing, optical interconnections, quantum optical systems, applications and algorithms for optical devices, Alpha particles, X-rays, and nano-technologies for optical computing. 168 pp. Englisch.