Springer springer apr 1998 (249 resultados)

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware -The Compact Disc (CD), as a standardized information carrier, has become one of the most successful consumer products ever marketed. Although the original disc was intended for audio playback, its specific advantages opened very quickly the way towards various computer applications. The standardization of the Compact Disc Read-Only Memory (CD-ROM) and of all succeeding similar products, like Compact Disc interactive (CD-i), Photo and Video CD, CD Recordable (CD-R), and CD Rewritable (CD R/W), has substantially enlarged the range of possible applications. The plastic disc represented from the very beginning a removable medium of large storage capacity. The advent of the personal computer accompa nied by the increasing demand for both data distribution and exchange have strongly marked the evolution of the CD-ROM drive. The number of sold CD-ROM units exceeded 60 millions in 1997 when compared to about 2.5 millions in 1992. As computing power continuously improved over the years, computer pe ripherals have also targeted better performance specifications. In particular, the speed of CD-ROM drives increased from the so-called 1X in 1984 to dou ble speed in 1992, and further to 32X at the beginning of 1998. The average time needed to access data on disc has dropped from about 300 ms to less than 90 ms within the same period of time.…

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Earthquakes and Atmospheric Hazards contains a selection of papers that were presented as part of the Sixth International Symposium on Natural and Man-Made Hazards (HAZARDS-96) held in Toronto, Canada during July, 1996. The Symposium was very timely, given the large number of natural disasters that have occurred in various parts of the world during the 1990s, the United Nations' International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR). The human reaction to these disasters has varied widely from one event to the next and the economic and social costs have been immense with damage running into billions of dollars. Having in everyone's mind the Northridge, California (1994) and the Kobe, Japan (1995) earthquakes, the volcanoes in the Philippines, the cyclones and related storm surges in Bangladesh, and the floods in North America and Europe caused by heavy rains, the Symposium attracted more than one hundred papers covering various aspects of these events. The eleven papers included in this volume deal with the scientific and management issues of those earthquakes and atmospheric hazards that occurred during the late 1990s, with emphasis on the preparedness aspects. A summary report of the HAZARDS-96 Symposium and recommendations adopted by the participants is also included. Earthquakes and Atmospheric Hazards forms an excellent reference for scientists, students, engineers, the insurance industry, authorities specializing in public safety and natural hazards preparedness and mitigation plans.…

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Preface. Introduction. 1. Issues of Global Environmental Economics. 2. Economic Models of Optimal Energy Use Under Environmental Constraints. 3. Uncertainty in Economic Models of Optimal Energy Use. 4. Long-Run Investment and Technical Progress: Dynamic and Vintage-Type Models. 5. Energy - Economy - Environmental Models with Special Reference to CO2 Emission Control. 6. A Simple Endogenous Model of Economic Activity and Climate Change. 7. Global Environmental Economics and Economic Growth. 8. Optimal Economic Growth when CO2 Constraints are Critical. 9. Uncertainty, Value of Information and Greenhouse Gas Emissions. 10. Decentralized Control of Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Co-ordination and Co-operation. Appendix A. Appendix B. Appendix C. References. Index.…

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - 1. An Introduction to Conduct Disorders. 2. The Nature of Antisocial Behaviors and Conduct Disorders. 3. Classification of Conduct Disorders. 4. The Etiology of Conduct Disorders. 5. Clinical Assessment. 6. Treatment I: The Basic Techniques. 7. Comprehensive Approaches to Treatment. References. Index.…

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware.

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - This book represents an attempt to treat three aspects of digital systems, design, prototyping and customization, in an integrated manner using two major technologies: VHSIC Hardware Description Language (VHDL) as a modeling and specification tool, and Field-Programmable Logic Devices (FPLDs) as an implementation technology. They together make a very powerful combination for complex digital systems rapid design and prototyping as the important steps towards manufacturing, or, in the case of feasible quantities, they also provide fast system manufacturing. Combining these two technologies makes possible implementation of very complex digital systems at the desk. VHDL has become a standard tool to capture features of digital systems in a form of behavioral, dataflow or structural models providing a high degree of flexibility. When augmented by a good simulator, VHDL enables extensive verification of features of the system under design, reducing uncertainties at the latter phases of design process. As such, it becomes an unavoidable modeling tool to model digital systems at various levels of abstraction.…

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - This book gives a comprehensive coverage of Internet technologies. It provides both an extensive and contemporary review of developments in the field and also gives details of current research. Consideration is given to the likely impact upon communications, business, entertainment and education. Areas covered include: developments in the network protocols on which the Internet is based; the evolving capability of the Internet to carry audio and video traffic and the developments in security and payment technologies which are opening up a wide range of commercial electronic applications. As the importance of the Internet continues to increase, this book will be of interest to most businesses. Several case studies of on-line services are are included. This book will prove useful not only to reesearchers in the communications and computing sectors working directly in the development of the technology, but also to people working in banking and finance. Business users of the Internet will also find this book to be invaluable in the development of such applications as Internet trading and corporate Intranets. …

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - In the `Preliminary Dissertation' of his Theodicy, Leibniz declares himself an apologist for the compatibilist doctrines of original sin, election and reprobation propounded by the theologians of the Augsburg Confession. According to those theologians, man's actions are determined but man retains the power to act otherwise and therefore is responsible for his actions. Savage argues that Leibniz, in formulating his apology, availed himself of both his doctrine of possible worlds and his finite-infinite analysis distinction (the latter being applied within the former). Savage challenges the dogma that Leibniz's metaphysical principles entail that individuals are powerless to act otherwise and that God cannot conceive of them acting otherwise. He argues that interpreters deduce the dogma from those principles with the aid of dubious extra-textual premises, for example, that a Leibnizian individual has only one complete concept or cannot be persons other than the person it actually is.…

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - This non-technical volume analyses topical problems of public finance in a changing world characterized by growing mobility of production factors, liberalized economic policy regimes, and the formation of new nations. It discusses alternative views of government and the way we measure its activities; the modern welfare state and its impact on entrepreneurship and employment; issues of fiscal coordination and income redistribution in a world with many jurisdictions; and the problems of raising government revenue and of allocating property rights in transition economies.…

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - The condition of prolonged obstructive jaundice with patent bile ducts was first described in 1851 by Addison and Gull of Guy's Hospital, London. The term primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) was defined in 1950 by Ahrens and colleagues of the Rockefeller Institute, New York. The condition was considered rare but this changed in 1965 with the discovery of a definitive diagnostic serum mitochondrial antibody test and the recognition that a raised serum alkaline phosphatase value, often discovered incidentally, could be a diagnostic pointer. If the diagnosis is made earlier, the end stages are rarely reached as death is replaced by liver transplantation. On November 6th 1997, in Chicago, an International Faculty discussed in depth the clinical features, pathogenesis and treatment of PBC, no longer considered a rare disease. The course of PBC is long, but some 18 years after the discovery of a positive mitochondrial antibody test in a symptom free patient with normal serum biochemistry, 83% will have developed abnormal tests and 76% will be symptomatic. Identification of those who will progress rapidly is difficult. The serum antimitochondrial profile may be useful but this is a very specialist technique. Mathematical prognostic models are useful in therapeutic trials and in the selection and timing of patients for liver transplantation but have limited value in individual patients. An increasing serum bilirubin level remains the most important indicator of rapid progression. Its value however can be negated by the use of ursodeoxycholic acid which has a bilirubin-lowering effect.…

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - The enormous advances in molecular biology that have been witnessed in . Not recent years have had major impacts on many areas of the biological sciences least of these has been in the field of clinical bacteriology and infectious disease . Molecular Bacteriology: Protocols and ClinicalApplications aims to provide the reader with an insight into the role that molecular methodology has to play in modern medical bacteriology. The introductory chapter ofMolecular Bacteriology: ProtocolsandCli- cal Applications offers a personal overview by a Consultant Medical Microbio- gist of the impact and future potential offered by molecular methods. The next six chapters comprise detailed protocols for a range of such methods . We believe that the use of these protocols should allow the reader to establish the various methods described in his or her own laboratory. In selecting the methods to be included in this section, we have concentrated on those that, arguably, have greatest current relevance to reference clinical bacteriology laboratories; we have deliberately chosen not to give detailed protocols for certain methods, such as multilocus enzyme electrophoresis that, in our opinion, remain the preserve of specialist la- ratories and that are not currently suited for general use. We feel that the methods included in this section will find increasing use in diagnostic laboratories and that it is important that the concepts, advantages, and limitations of each are th- oughly understood by a wide range of workers in the field . …

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - The studies by Santiago Ram6n y Cajal on astrocytes, and the extense work developed by Pio del Rio Hortega dealing with microglia and oligodendrocytes are with no doubt two important milestones of neurobiology, and specially cf glial research. Since these classical studies, the curiosity for understanding glial cells has continuously grown. During the last two decades, the development of new meth ods of study, including cell culture techniques and the use of histochemical and immunocytochemical markers, has allowed a remarkable advance in this field. This increasing interest is reflected by the creation of local and international glial networks, the publication of the journal Glia, the celebration of periodic interna tional meetings and the publication of extensive books focused on glial cells. In February 1997, with the establishment of the Spanish Glial Network, arose the early idea of publishing a compendium of selected work by Spanish glial research teams, which has fmally materialised in Understanding Glial Cel/s, a book whose objective is to present topics of current interest in glial cell biology.…

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Recent years have seen tremendous progress in unraveling the molecular basis of different plant-microbe interactions. Knowledge has accumulated on the mecha nisms of the microbial infection of plants, which can lead to either disease or resistance. The mechanisms developed by plants to interact with microbes, whether viruses, bacteria, or fungi, involve events that can lead to symbiotic association or to disease or tumor formation. Cell death caused by pathogen infection has been of great interest for many years because of its association with plant resistance. There appear to be two types of plant cell death associated with pathogen infection, a rapid hypersensitive cell death localized at the site of infection during an incompatible interaction between a resistant plant and an avirulent pathogen, and a slow, normosensitive plant cell death that spreads beyond the site of infection during some compatible interactions involving a susceptible plant and a virulent, necrogenic pathogen. Plants possess a number of defense mechanisms against infection, such as (i) production of phytoalexin, (ii) formation of hydrolases, (iii) accumulation of hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein and lignin deposition, (iv) production of pathogen-related proteins, (v) produc tion of oligosaccharides, jasmonic acid, and various other phenolic substances, and (vi) production of toxin-metabolizing enzymes. Based on these observations, insertion of a single suitable gene in a particular plant has yielded promising results in imparting resistance against specific infection or disease. It appears that a signal received after microbe infection triggers different signal transduction pathways.…

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Our purposes in this preface are, first, to reiterate our view of Current Ornithology's role; second, to describe briefly the contents of this vol ume; and third, to acknowledge the generous help of our Editorial Board and of the reviewers we have consulted about the contents of Volumes 13 and 14. As far as we know, Current Ornithology is the only English-lan guage publication currently devoted exclusively to extensive reviews and syntheses of topics pertaining to all aspects of the biology of birds. Its chapters deal with subjects falling under such diverse rubrics as ecology, evolution, behavior, phylogeny, behavioral ecology, anatomy and physiology, and conservation biology, but all focus primarily on birds. Its authors, whether members of the National Academy or young investigators just beginning their careers, are leading authorities on their subjects, and its referees are selected for their knowledge and expertise in the topics covered by the chapters they are asked to review.…

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Interest in angiogenesis research remains strong in recent years and exciting new discoveries, about modulators of angiogenesis, their receptors, the transduction mechanisms and the angiogenic genes involved, have contributed to our present day understanding of this complex process. This knowledge has provided the basis and broadened the scope of angiogenesis - based therapy in oncology and many other clinical conditions. This monograph contains the contributions to the NATO Advanced Study Institute on 'Angiogenesis: Models, Modulators and Clinical Applications', which was held in Rhodes, Greece, from June 20-30, 1997. This was the fourth of a series of NATO supported international meetings on Angiogenesis aiming to bring together basic scientists with clinicians to exchange ideas, disseminate new knowledge and discuss the present status and potential new directions in this fast moving area of biomedical research. The International Organising Committee that included Drs. E. Dejana, C Haudenschild, M. Hackel, H. Kleinman, P. Lelkes, M. Presta, P. Polverini, D. Thompson, has provided invaluable help with their insightful suggestions in the formulation of the scientific program for which I am grateful. I wish to thank all the participants for their enthusiastic participation and their complimentary comments on the success of the conference.…

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - In recent years, there have been major advances in the treatment of patients with gynecologic malignancies. Perhaps the biggest advances have been in the area of ovarian cancer. Gynecologic Oncology focuses primarily upon this malignancy. This volume discusses cytoreductive surgery; screening for ovarian cancer; chemotherapy; new chemotherapeutic drugs; the controversy regarding the role of high-dose chemotherapy in gynecologic cancers; the hereditary basis for gynecologic malignancies; molecular genetics; molecular biology and new biologic therapies. Other topics covered are the treatment of all stages of cervical cancer, including radiotherapy. In addition, a chapter on advances in the pathology of gynecologic cancers is included. The advances made in the treatment of gynecologic malignancies are due, in part, to the clinical studies performed by many of the contributors to this volume. Clinical advances have been the result of multidisciplinary approaches which involve molecular biologists, pathologists, radiation therapists, surgeons and chemotherapists. Future advances will continue to rely upon collaborative interaction among these different disciplines.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In einer Welt, die von Rationalität, Wissenschaft und Technik beherrscht wird, werden medizinische Behandlungen im allgemeinen nur danach bewertet, inwieweit sie wissenschaftlich überprüft wurden. Der Autor zeigt anhand der modernen Wissenschaftstheorie, daß dieser Vorrang der wissenschaftlichen Methodologie bei der Bewertung von Erkenntnissen aber nicht auf unerschütterlichen Fundamenten basiert, sondern auf historisch gewachsenen und sozial bedingten Annahmen über die Natur. Mit ihrer Hilfe haben wir ein Weltbild geschaffen, das uns bisher erfolgreich geleitet hat. Ausgehend von unserem unreflektierten Verständnis von Wissenschaft werden die vermeintlich sicheren Fundamente, auf denen unsere Hochschätzung der wissenschaftlichen Methodologie beruht, als das entlarvt, was sie sind: als hypothetische Annahmen, als Konstruktionen des Menschen, der in geschichtliche und soziale Prozesse eingebunden ist. Einerseits werden Wahrheit, Wirklichkeit und Wissenschaft relativiert und andererseits die aktive-kreative Rolle des Menschen in einer von ihm selbst geschaffenen Welt herausgestellt. Die Relativität der Grundlagen der Wissenschaft zu erkennen und sie als Herausforderung zu begreifen, ist das Anliegen des Autors. Wenn der Mensch versteht, daß er mit seiner wissenschaftlichen Tätigkeit Tatsachen schafft, dann ist der Weg offen für mehr Weitsicht, mehr Umsicht und mehr Toleranz. 276 pp. Deutsch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book presents the refereed proceedings of the Second International B Conference, B'98, held in Montpellier, France, in April 1998.The book presents 15 revised full papers selected from 29 submissions as well as four invited contributions. The B method is enjoying rapidly increasing popularity for the specification and design of software. The book covers all aspects of the B technology, including introductory and methodological issues, theoretical investigations and industrial applications, B extension proposals and support tools, as well as comparisons or integration with other formal methods for software development. 328 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th European Conference on Machine Learning, ECML-98, held in Chemnitz, Germany, in April 1998.The book presents 21 revised full papers and 25 short papers reporting on work in progress together with two invited contributions; the papers were selected from a total of 100 submissions. The book is divided in sections on applications of ML, Bayesian networks, feature selection, decision trees, support vector learning, multiple models for classification, inductive logic programming, relational learning, instance-based learning, clustering, genetic algorithms, reinforcement learning and neural networks. 440 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Robotic systems have proved themselves to be of increasing importance and are widely adopted to substitute for humans in repetitive or hazardous situations. Their diffusion has outgrown the limits of industrial applications in manufacturing systems to co ver all aspects of exploration and servicing in hostile environments such as undersea, outer space, battlefields and nuclear plants. Complex robotic systems - ie robotic systems with a complex structure and architecture - are gaining increasing attention from both the academic community and industrial users. The modelling and control problems for these systems cannot be regarded as simple extensions of those for traditional single manipulators, since additional complexity arises; to accomplish tasks there is the need to ensure co-ordinated motion of the whole system together with management of interaction between each component of the system. This book focuses on two examples of complex robotic systems - namely co-operating manipulators and multi-fingered hands. It is addressed to graduate students as well as to researchers in the field. 196 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book constitutes the strictly refereed post-workshop proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Graphics Recognition, GREC'97, held in Nancy, France, in August 1997. The 34 thoroughly revised full papers presented were carefully selected for inclusion in the book on the basis of a second round of post-workshop reviewing. The book is divided into sections on vectorization and segmentation, symbol recognition, form processing, map processing, engineering drawings, applications and systems, performance evaluation, and a graphics recognition contest. 440 pp. Englisch.…

Buch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Environmental information systems (EIS) are concerned with the management of data about the soil, the water, the air, and the species in the world around us. This first textbook on the topic gives a conceptual framework for EIS by structuring the data flow into 4 phases: data capture, storage, analysis, and metadata management. This flow corresponds to a complex aggregation process gradually transforming the incoming raw data into concise documents suitable for high-level decision support. All relevant concepts are covered, including statistical classification, data fusion, uncertainty management, knowledge based systems, GIS, spatial databases, multidimensional access methods, object-oriented databases, simulation models, and Internet-based information management. Several case studies present EIS in practice. 266 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In this monograph, new structures of neural networks in multidimensional domains are introduced. These architectures are a generalization of the Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP) in Complex, Vectorial and Hypercomplex algebra. The approximation capabilities of these networks and their learning algorithms are discussed in a multidimensional context. The work includes the theoretical basis to address the properties of such structures and the advantages introduced in system modelling, function approximation and control. Some applications, referring to attractive themes in system engineering and a MATLAB software tool, are also reported. The appropriate background for this text is a knowledge of neural networks fundamentals. The manuscript is intended as a research report, but a great effort has been performed to make the subject comprehensible to graduate students in computer engineering, control engineering, computer sciences and related disciplines. 184 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second Pacific-Asia Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, PAKDD-98, held in Melbourne, Australia, in April 1998. The book presents 30 revised full papers selected from a total of 110 submissions; also included are 20 poster presentations. The papers contribute new results to all current aspects in knowledge discovery and data mining on the research level as well as on the level of systems development. Among the areas covered are machine learning, information systems, the Internet, statistics, knowledge acquisition, data visualization, software reengineering, and knowledge based systems. 452 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book presents the thoroughly refereed post-workshop proceedings of an International Workshop on Gesture and Sign Language in Human-Computer Interaction held in Bielefeld, Germany, in 1997. The book presents 25 revised papers together with two invited lectures. Recently, gesture and sign language have become key issues for advanced interface design in the humanization of computer interaction: AI, neural networks, pattern recognition, and agent techniques are having a significant impact on this area of research and development. The papers are organized in sections on semiotics for gesture movement, hidden Markov models, motion analysis and synthesis, multimodal interfaces, neural network methods, and applications. 328 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-workshop proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Languages and Compilers for Parallel Computing, LCPC'97, held in Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA in August 1997The book presents 28 revised full papers together with four posters; all papers were carefully selected for presentation at the workshop and went through a thorough reviewing and revision phase afterwards. The papers are organized in topical sections on data locality, program analysis, automatic parallelization, HPF extensions and compilers, synchronization and communication, parallel programming models and language extensions, and instruction level parallelism. 448 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -A description of the design and implementation of spoken language dialogue within the context of spoken language dialogue systems development. Using an applications-oriented SLDS developed through the Danish Dialogue project, the authors describe the complete process involved; and in so doing present several innovative practical tools, such as dialogue design guidelines, in-depth evaluation methodologies, and speech functionality analysis. Their approach is firmly applications-oriented, describing the results applicable to industry and showing how the development of advanced applications drives research rather than vice versa. For everyone working on the R&D of spoken language services, especially in the area of telecommunications. 288 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -George Collins' discovery of Cylindrical Algebraic Decomposition (CAD) as a method for Quantifier Elimination (QE) for the elementary theory of real closed fields brought a major breakthrough in automating mathematics with recent important applications in high-tech areas (e.g. robot motion), also stimulating fundamental research in computer algebra over the past three decades.This volume is a state-of-the-art collection of important papers on CAD and QE and on the related area of algorithmic aspects of real geometry. It contains papers from a symposium held in Linz in 1993, reprints of seminal papers from the area including Tarski's landmark paper as well as a survey outlining the developments in CAD based QE that have taken place in the last twenty years. 456 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Reasoning with incomplete information constitutes a major challenge for any intelligent system. In fact, we expect such systems not to become paralyzed by missing information but rather to arrive at plausible results by bridging the gaps in the information available.A versatile way of reasoning in the absence of information is to reason by default. This book aims at providing formal and practical means for automating reasoning with incomplete information by starting from the approach taken by the framework of default logic. For this endeavor, a bridge is spanned between formal semantics, over systems for default reasoning, to efficient implementation. 180 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book constitutes the thoroughly revised and refereed post-workshop documentation of two international workshops held in conjunction with the Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, PRICAI'96, in Cairns, Australia, in August 1996.The volume presents 14 revised full papers togehter with two invited contributions and two introductory surveys particularly commissioned for this book. Among the topics addressed are computational learning, commonsense reasoning, constraint logic programming, fuzzy reasoning, vague data, inductive inference, belief revision, action theory, uncertainty, and probabilistic diagnosis. 300 pp. Englisch.…