Sidestone press okt 2013 (3 resultados)

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -How people produced or acquired their food in the past is one of the main questions in archaeology. Everyone needs food to survive, so the ways in which people managed to acquire it forms the very basis of human existence. Farming was key to the rise of human sedentarism. Once farming moved beyond subsistence, and regularly produced a surplus, it supported the development of specialisation, speeded up the development of socio-economic as well as social complexity, the rise of towns and the development of city states. In short, studying food production is of critical importance in understanding how societies developed. Environmental archaeology often studies the direct remains of food or food processing, and is therefore well-suited to address this topic. What is more, a wealth of new data has become available in this field of research in recent years. This allows synthesising research with a regional and diachronic approach. Indeed, most of the papers in this volume offer studies on subsistence and surplus production with a wide geographical perspective. The research areas vary considerably, ranging from the American Mid-South to Turkey. The range in time periods is just as wide, from c. 7000 BC to the 16th century AD. Topics covered include foraging strategies, the combination of domestic and wild food resources in the Neolithic, water supply, crop specialisation, the effect of the Roman occupation on animal husbandry, town-country relationships and the monastic economy. With this collection of papers and the theoretical framework presented in the introductory chapter, we wish to demonstrate that the topic of subsistence and surplus production remains of interest, and promises to generate more exciting research in the future.ContentsStudying subsistence and surplus production - Maaike Groot and Daphne LentjesThe role of gathering in Middle Archaic social complexity in the Mid-South: a diachronic perspective - Stephen B. Carmody and Kandace D. HollenbachRethinking Neolithic subsistence at the gateway to Europe with new archaeozoological evidence from Istanbul - Canan ÇakirlarAgricultural production between the 6th and the 3rd millennium cal BC in the central part of the Valencia region (Spain) - Guillem Pérez Jordà and Leonor Peña-ChocarroFrom subsistence to market exchange: the development of an agricultural economy in 1st-millennium-BC Southeast Italy - Daphne LentjesThree systems of agrarian exploitation in the Valencian region of Spain (400-300 BC) - Mª Pilar Iborra Eres and Guillem Pérez JordàThe well in the settlement: a water source for humans and livestock, studied through insect remains from Southeast Sweden - Magnus HellqvistThe Late Iron Age-Roman transformation from subsistence to surplus production in animal husbandry in the Central and Western parts of the Netherlands - Joyce van Dijk and Maaike GrootTracing changes in animal husbandry in Mallorca (Balearic Islands, Western Mediterranean) from the Iron Age to the Roman Period - Alejandro Valenzuela, Josep Antoni Alcover, Miguel Ángel CauFood production and exchanges in the Roman civitas Tungrorum - Fabienne Pigière and Annick LepotEntrepreneurs and traditional farmers: the effects of an emerging market in Middle Saxon England - Matilda HolmesScant evidence of great surplus: research at the rural Cistercian monastery of Holme Cultram, Northwest England - Don O'Meara 298 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Mediterranean and West European pre-modern agriculture (agriculture before 1600) was by necessity 'organic agriculture'. Crop protection is part and parcel of this agriculture, with weed control in the forefront. Crop protection is embedded in the medieval agronomy text books but specialised sections do occur. Weeds, insects and diseases are described but identification in modern terms is not easy. The pre-modern 'Crop Portfolio' is well filled, certainly in the Mediterranean area. The medieval 'Pest Portfolio' differs from the modern one because agriculture then was a Low External Input Agriculture, and because the proportion of cultivated to non-cultivated land was drastically lower than today. The pre-modern 'Control Portfolio' is surprisingly rich, both in preventive and interventive measures. Prevention was by risk management, intensive tillage, and careful storage. Intervention was mechanical and chemical. Chemical intervention used natural substances such as sulphur, pitch, and 'botanicals'. Some fifty plant species are mentioned in a crop protection context. Though application methods look rather modern they are typically low-tech. Among them are seed disinfection, spraying, dusting, fumigation, grease banding, wound care, and hand-picking but also scarification, now outdated. The reality of pest outbreaks and other damages is explored as to frequency, intensity, and extent. Information on the practical use of the recommended treatments is scanty. If applied, their effectiveness remains enigmatic. Three medieval agronomists are at the heart of this book, but historical developments in crop protection from early Punic, Greek, and Roman authors to the first modern author are outlined. The readership of these writers was the privileged class of landowners but hints pointing to the exchange of ideas between them and the common peasant were found. Consideration is given to the pre-modern reasoning in matters of crop protection. Comparison of pre-modern crop protection and its counterpart in modern organic agriculture is difficult because of drastic changes in the relation between crop areas and non-crop areas, and because of the great difference in yield levels then and now, with several associated differences. 334 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -How people produced or acquired their food in the past is one of the main questions in archaeology. Everyone needs food to survive, so the ways in which people managed to acquire it forms the very basis of human existence. Farming was key to the rise of human sedentarism. Once farming moved beyond subsistence, and regularly produced a surplus, it supported the development of specialisation, speeded up the development of socio-economic as well as social complexity, the rise of towns and the development of city states. In short, studying food production is of critical importance in understanding how societies developed.Environmental archaeology often studies the direct remains of food or food processing, and is therefore well-suited to address this topic. What is more, a wealth of new data has become available in this field of research in recent years. This allows synthesising research with a regional and diachronic approach.Indeed, most of the papers in this volume offer studies on subsistence and surplus production with a wide geographical perspective. The research areas vary considerably, ranging from the American Mid-South to Turkey. The range in time periods is just as wide, from c. 7000 BC to the 16th century AD. Topics covered include foraging strategies, the combination of domestic and wild food resources in the Neolithic, water supply, crop specialisation, the effect of the Roman occupation on animal husbandry, town-country relationships and the monastic economy. With this collection of papers and the theoretical framework presented in the introductory chapter, we wish to demonstrate that the topic of subsistence and surplus production remains of interest, and promises to generate more exciting research in the future.ContentsStudying subsistence and surplus production ¿ Maaike Groot and Daphne LentjesThe role of gathering in Middle Archaic social complexity in the Mid-South: a diachronic perspective ¿ Stephen B. Carmody and Kandace D. HollenbachRethinking Neolithic subsistence at the gateway to Europe with new archaeozoological evidence from Istanbul ¿ Canan Çak¿rlarAgricultural production between the 6th and the 3rd millennium cal BC in the central part of the Valencia region (Spain) ¿ Guillem Pérez Jordà and Leonor Peña-ChocarroFrom subsistence to market exchange: the development of an agricultural economy in 1st-millennium-BC Southeast Italy ¿ Daphne LentjesThree systems of agrarian exploitation in the Valencian region of Spain (400¿300 BC) ¿ Mª Pilar Iborra Eres and Guillem Pérez JordàThe well in the settlement: a water source for humans and livestock, studied through insect remains from Southeast Sweden ¿ Magnus HellqvistThe Late Iron Age-Roman transformation from subsistence to surplus production in animal husbandry in the Central and Western parts of the Netherlands ¿ Joyce van Dijk and Maaike GrootTracing changes in animal husbandry in Mallorca (Balearic Islands, Western Mediterranean) from the Iron Age to the Roman Period ¿ Alejandro Valenzuela, Josep Antoni Alcover, Miguel Ángel CauFood production and exchanges in the Roman civitas Tungrorum ¿ Fabienne Pigière and Annick LepotEntrepreneurs and traditional farmers: the effects of an emerging market in Middle Saxon England ¿ Matilda HolmesScant evidence of great surplus: research at the rural Cistercian monastery of Holme Cultram, Northwest England ¿ Don O¿MearaBooks on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 298 pp. Englisch.…