Humana nov 2011 (192 resultados)

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Ecologists have two long-standing ways to study large ecosystems such as lakes, forests, and salt-marsh estuaries. In the first, which G. E. Hutchinson has called the holological approach, the whole ecosystem is first studied as a 'black box,' and its components are investigated as needed. In the second, which Hutchinson has called the merological approach, the parts of the system are studied first, and an attempt is then made to build up the whole from them. For long-term studies, the holological approach has special advantages, since the general patterns and tentative hypotheses that are first worked out help direct attention to the components of the system which need to be studied in greater detail. In this approach, teams of investigators focus on major func tions and hypotheses and thereby coordinate their independent study efforts. Thus, although there have been waves, as it were, of investigators and graduate students working on different aspects of the Georgia salt-marsh estuaries (personnel at the Marine Institute on Sapelo Island changes every few years), the emphasis on the holo logical approach has resulted in a highly differentiated and well-coordinated long-term study. Very briefly, the history of the salt-marsh studies can be outlined as follows. First, the general patterns of food chains and other energy flows in the marshes and creeks were worked out, and the nature of imports and exports to and from the system and its subsystems were delimited.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Human teratocarcinoma has long held a fascination to the pathologist be cause of the diversity of the seemingly benign differentiated tissues asso ciated with the tumor. An understanding of this diversity came with the demonstration of the pluripotent nature of the embryonal carcinoma cell, the stem cell of the tumor, in experimental animals. Single cell clones of murine embryonal carcinomas were derived and the resultant cell lines injected into immunosuppressed hosts, where the embryonal carcinoma stem cell itself gave rise to the wealth of differentiated tissues seen in teratocarcinomas. It was also shown that teratocarcinomas could be pro duced experimentally by transplantation of staged early mouse embryo to extrauterine sites; subsequent experiments suggested that the embryonal carcinoma stem cell was, in fact, comparable to a normal cell of the em bryonic ectoderm. Many elegant experiments have since been built on this early work; murine embryonal carcinoma cells are providing the ex perimental material for a first biochemical evaluation of the earliest dif ferentiation events in mammalian embryogenesis. In this volume, we relate the beginnings of experimental research on human teratoma. The human embryonal carcinoma cells have been char acterized and established in vitro, providing an experimental model to study the unique biology of these cells. Monoclonal antibodies, estab lished from work with these in vitro cultures, provide cell surface probes that define populations of embryonal cells and their derivatives in tumor sections.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - One of the most active and productive areas of biological science in the past decade has been the study of the biochemical and biophysical prop erties of cell membranes. There is little doubt that membranes are essen tial components of all cellular systems and that each type of membrane manifests specific and characteristic cellular functions. In the nervous system, important events such as neurotransmission, receptor binding, ion transport, axonal transport, and cell uptake are all known to take place within the neural cell membrane. Phospholipids, one of the major components of membranes, not only provide the membrane with its structural integrity and physical proper ties, but also play an important role in regulating membrane function. Attention has recently been focused on the asymmetric localization of these molecules, the identification of discrete metabolic pools of phospholipids within the membrane matrix, and their involvement in sig nal transmission. Although synaptic membranes generally lack an active mechanism for the de novo biosynthesis of phospholipids, a number of enzymic routes are present for their interconversions and for facilitating metabolic turnover. Metabolites generated during the interconversion reactions may also exert a great influence in modulating membrane func tions. The phosphogylcerides of neural membranes are especially enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids. However, only very small amounts of these fatty acids are present in the free form, and they are maintained in dynamic equilibrium with the membrane phospholipids.…

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware -2011 International Conference in Electrics, Communication and Automatic Control Proceedings examines state-of-art and advances in Electrics, Communication and Automatic Control. This book presents developments in Power Conversion, Signal and image processing, Image & video Signal Processing. The conference brings together researchers, engineers, academic as well as industrial professionals from all over the world to promote the developments of Electrics, Communication and Automatic Control. 1904 pp. Englisch. …

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -There was a time, not long ago, when the only treatment options considered to be worthwhile for patients requiring psychiatric care were the 50-minute hour on the one hand, or full-time hospitalization on the other. Most of us were convinced in those days that treatment could, and indeed should, take place with a minimum of involvement by the patient's family. Nor did we really consider that the community in which a patient lived was a significant contributor to either his illness or its cure. These naive assumptions were strongly challenged, of course, be ginning with the questions of social psychiatrists in the 50s and con tinuing with the quiet growth of the patients' rights movement. Thus it is no mere coincidence that when the community psychiatry movement emerged in the mid-60s as a powerful force for profound change in our traditional practice, the concept of partial hospitalization, which can be traced back at least 30 years, became a symbol of the new social psychiatry. Partial hospitalization had singular advantages well attuned to the times: it did not force a separation between the patient and his family; it cost far less to deliver than inpatient care; and it avoided the stigma of institutionalization while still providing far more care than the traditional psychotherapeutic hour. In a few years' time, several well controlled studies documented that virtually all patients who were cus tomarily treated on an inpatient basis could be effectively managed and treated in a day hospital. 224 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume contains the proceedings of a two-week NATO A.S.I. on Integrated Optics: Physics and Applications, held from August 17 to August 30, 1981 in Erice, Italy. This is the 8th annual Course of the 'International School of Quantum Electronics' presented under the auspices of the 'E. Majorana' Centre for Scientific Culture. The subject was chosen in order to satisfy the demand for a course on integrated optics which is relevant to the expanding use of fiber optics for communication and signal processing. Integrated Optics, encompassing all of the optical waveguide circuits which are the optical analog of integrated circuits, is finding its way into a variety of applications involving communi cations, high speed signal-processing, and sensors of many kinds. However, because the technology is still changing very rapidly, the development of these exciting applications relies heavily upon the physics of the integrated optical circuits themselves and the pro cessing techniques used to fabricate them. This NATO A.S.I. provided not only a thorough tutorial treatment of the field, but also through panel discussions and additional lectures treated topics at the forefront of present work. Therefore the character of the Course was a blend of current research and tutorial reviews. 'The Physics and Applications of Integrated Optics' could hardly be a more appropriate title to be chosen for this volume. Many of the worlds' acknowledged leaders in the field have been brought together to review and speculate on the accomplishments of integrated optics. 436 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware 704 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Biochemical ecology is here presented only in the context of water pollution. This is not to minimize the importance of land animals and plants in their environment or the significance of air pollution as it relates to ecology. It merely indicates that water pollution is a problem of sufficiently broad magnitude to warrant consideration by itself. Water pollution is a problem which requires the attention of a variety of disciplines. The presentation tends therefore to follow the problem ap proach, as do most interdisciplinary topics. An appreciation of various viewpoints is needed among chemists, ecologists, economists, engineers, lawyers, limnologists, managers, microbiologists, and politicians, whose communications are often 'hung up' in each other's jargon. Perhaps the presentation is too elementary at times. This was done in an attempt to bridge the diverse backgrounds of those concerned with the subject. It is hoped that engineers, economists, biologists, public servants, and others will gain a greater appreciation of the interrelationship of gross observations and biological events that occur at the cellular and molecular level. Lack of such understanding is, to a large extent, the reason for our present environmental condition. At other times the presentation is perhaps too technical. This was done on the assumption that some information on chemical details may not be readily available but is desirable for an 'in depth' appreciation of the biochemical events encountered in water pollu tion. 172 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The idea for this Handbook dates back more than a dozen years, to the time when I was commissioned by The Mason and Dixon Lines to develop a handbook that would be useful both to their own people and to their shippers in understanding and applying the basic principles of the then-emerging management science of physical distribution management. Then as now, there were several excellent textbooks in the field. But they were written primarily for classroom use, for persons who would be entering careers in the field at a later date. And there was virtually nothing for the working manager or manager-to-be. Thus we saw the need for a hands-on, practically-oriented guide to physical distribution management, written mainly in non-academic language and supplement ing rather than duplicating the excellent existing coverage of inventory theory, queueing and,other textbook subjects. Bear in mind that the times were quite different, back then. The Na tional Council of Physical Distribution Management (NCPDM) had been in existence barely two years, and had fewer than 200 members. Indeed, there were probably not 100 persons in the country who had the title 'Distribution Manager' after their names. Today, of course, the NCPDM has over 2,000 members and the distribution manager title is widely used and recognized. In fact, many who hold the title today were recipients of the original Mason and Dixon materials back then, and quite often car ried the time-honored title of 'Traffic Manager. 860 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The original aim of the present work, which was initiated by Dr. Michael Balint, was to explore Brief Psychotherapy carried out by psycho-analysts who are relatively skilled and experienced. To this has been added an attempt to reconcile the 'clinical' and 'objective' approaches to psychodynamic material, by treating clinical judgements exactly as rigorously as is appropriate, no more and no less. A review of previous work leads to little definite conclusion. A complete spectrum of views can be found, from the most 'conservative' (e.g. brief psychotherapy is only effective in the mildest and most recent illnesses; the technique used should be superficial-any attempt to go 'deeper' will lead to long-term therapy; and the results are only palliative) to the most 'radical' (seriously ill patients can be extensively helped by a technique containing most of the essential elements of long-term methods such as psycho-analysis). The present work is based essentially on the therapies of nineteen patients, treated by a team of therapists under the leader ship of Dr. Balint. The study is largely retrospective, but it is designed to fill some of the important gaps to be found in the literature: 1. Detailed case histories are given of all patients treated; 2. Particular attention is paid to long follow-up; 3. A method of assessing therapeutic results has been developed which is regarded as psychodynamically valid and is based on published evidence; 4. The relation is examined between outcome and (a) the characteristics of patients, (b) the characteristics of technique. 328 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Stella Chess's many admirers throughout the world have long looked forward to the day when she would produce her own textbook of child psychiatry. They will not be disappointed in this thoughtful and per ceptive account of the principles and practices of the subject, written in collaboration with Dr. Hassibi. It has all the hallmarks we have come to recognize as distinctive of the Chess approach to child psychiatry-gentle yet subtle and penetrating, always appreciative of the feelings and concerns of both the children and their parents, well informed and critically aware of research findings but far from over awed by the contributions of science, and above all immensely practi cal. Anyone who wants to know how one of the world's outstanding clinicians appraises what child psychiatry has to offer could do no bet ter than to read this book. Child psychiatry differs from general psychiatry in being con cerned with a developing organism, and it is entirely appropriate that the book begins with an account of child development and of the prin cipal theories put forward to explain it. Chess and Hassibi recognize the importance of theory in organizing ideas and in suggesting expla nations, but they remain skeptical of how far existing theories do in fact account for the outstanding issues in development. They note the limitations of all theories in explaining how development takes place and why individual differences occur in the way they do. 552 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In this book we present a conceptually integrated approach to disorders of mood. These disorders are defined narrowly as the clinical syndromes of mania and melancholia. The latter is our particular focus, for the simple reason that it is more common and thus more is known about it. Our approach owes much to Adolf Meyer, who first used the term psychobiology. It was he who emphasized in a practical way the importance of the clinician consider ing the joint contribution of psychosocial and biological factors in the genesis of mental disorders. However, until the 1960s, our relative ignorance of basic mechanisms that link brain and behavior prevented the development of a genuine psychobiological perspective. Thus Meyer's work was concerned largely with teaching the importance of the personal biography and a consideration of social history in the development of mental disorder. We feel that sufficiently rigorous data have now emerged in psychia try to permit tentative but real psychobiological integration. Affective illness is proba bly the most promising area for an attempt at such a synthesis. It is our belief that the theory and clinical practice of psychiatry now can be woven into a coherent theme, integrating insights and evidence generated by the psychodynamic, biological, and behavioral methods; hence in part we review the emerging psychobiology of mood disorders with the hope that it can serve as a generic paradigm for other psychiatric syndromes. 248 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -We have witnessed a remarkable development during the past 10 years in the development of extra-intracranial anastomosis to revascularize the brain. Initially, the intention was to create ameans of performing embolectomy in small corticaI arteries after cardiac surgery. Gradually a plan was conceived to form an extra-intracranial bypass(10) to treat inaccessible lesions of the carotid and vertebral arteries as weIl as tumors and giant aneurysms that involved these arteries. The basic techniques and principles of microvascular sur gery, which had been refined over 30 years on peripheral ar teries(1-7, 9) were applied in 1966 to the intracerebral arteries of dogs(4). The arterial patehing and suturing were successful, while extra-intracraniallong bypasses were a constant failure. This was attributed to the damage that was inevitably inflicted on the vasa vasorum of the autogenous graft during dissec tion(9). This situation posed a dilemma until eventually the idea of Pool and Potts(8) was adopted and an anastomosis was performed on a dog between the superficiaI temporaI artery and a cortical branch. Because of the vesseIs' small size and the doubts regarding its capacity for improving the circulation, the procedure was performed with a certain amount of apprehen sion. It was a pleasant surprise, therefore, to discover that it was possible to attain a high rate of patency. If the middle cerebral artery was us ed and was isolated from its carotid in flow, an even higher rate was achieved. 344 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -'Americans have an abiding faith in punishment', asserts Anne Schneider in her introduction of Deterrence and Juvenile Crime. Dr. Schneider explores this 'abiding faith' in her volume, overviewing past assumptions that punishment or merely the threat of punishment necessarily deters criminal behavior. She critically examines specific deterrence theories and presents the methodology used in her own research - research whose findings are often quite disruptive to those assumptions held so long. Using data from six experimental studies in U.S. cities, she finds that instilling a sense of citizenship is more important in reducing future criminal behavior than enhancing the certainty or severity of punishment. Beyond these results, the author raises some pointed issues to explain why perceptions of certainty and severity of punishment generally perform so inadequately in predicting subsequent offenses. A comparison between incarceration methods and community-based restitution programs, as well as the implications of policy, comprise a thorough discussion which focuses on the future and reflects upon the role of random experiments regarding issues of public policy initiatives. 144 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -C. B. TILANUS, EDITOR This book tries to strengthen the ties between, on the one hand, the business administration and accounting world and, on the other, the operational research and management science world. The readership for which it is intended consists ofthe following categories: managers and professionals in organizational departments of business administration, management science, automatic data processing, etc. ; management and operational research consultants; and students in academic departments of business administration, business economics, operational research, information systems, industrial engineering, etc. The book deals with the quantitative approach. to budgeting problems. Budgeting in this text is defined as the making of a financial, short-term plan for an organization. The budget is financial. Although volumes and prices play their part, the budget is finally expressed in terms of amounts of money thus allowing of the well-known two-way counting and balancing of double bookkeeping. (Whether items appear twice on the assets and liabili ties sides of balances, or are counted twice in the rows and columns of a matrix is immaterial. ) The budget is short-term. It is a detailed, quantitative plan of action in the near future. In this sense, budgeting is opposed to strategic planning which considers the course of action to be taken in the medium and long term. Strategic planning is of a more aggregative, qualita tive nature than is budgeting. The budget is a plan for an organization, and as such it is complete. 188 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Like many other scientists, I have long been interested in history. I enjoy reading about the minutiae of its daily unfolding: the coinage, food, clothes, games, literature and habits which characterize a people. I am carried away by the broad sweep of its major events: the wars, famines, migrations, reforms, political swings and scientific advances which shape a society. I know that historians value autobiographical accounts as part of the basic material from which the stuff of history is distilled; this should apply no less to statistical than to political or social history. Modem statistics is a relatively young science; it was while pondering this fact sometime in 1980 that I realized that many of the pioneers of our field could still be called upon to tell their stories. If, however, biographical material about these eminent statisticians was not gathered, then one might lose the chance to gain insight into the origins of many an important statistical development. The remarkable experience of these colleagues could not be readily duplicated. Fired by these thoughts, I took it upon myself to plan the framework of this book. In it, eminent statisticians (probabilists are included under this title) would be invited to sketch their lives, explain how they had become interested in probability and statistics, give an account of their major contributions, and possibly hazard some predictions about the future of the subject. 276 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The analysis of intra-group correlations between LS and BW at representative intervals yields no consistent support for the hypothesis that lower BW is associated with longer LS. Indeed, among male Wistar rats and C57BL/6J and A/J mice followed since weaning on AL diets, the data suggested that relatively higher BW across the adult LS was generally associated with longer life. Even when the diet was restricted by EOD or RES regimens, this pattern of positive correlations between LS and BW persisted for the C57BL/6J and A/J strains when relative ages were analyzed. However, when BW at absolute ages were correlated with LS, support for the positive relationship between BW and LS was not as forthcoming. When AL groups were assessed beginning at later ages ( 10 months), the pattern of positive correlations was very evident for the Wistar rats--heavier rats tended to liver longer. This pattern was also evident among AL-fed C57BL/6J mice followed since 6 months, but was lost in the 10-month group in this strain. Among A/J mice on AL diets, the pattern became somewhat negative when followed at 6 and 10 months of age. However, among both C57BL/6J and A/J mice placed on EOD diets at 6 and 10 months of age, the pattern clearly tended toward the positive. 368 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume is the proceedings of the Symposium entitled, 'Work, Organizations and Technological Change' which was held in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, West Germany, 14-19 June 1981. The meeting was sponsored by the Special Panel on Systems Sciences of the NATO Scientific Affairs Division. In proposing this meeting the Symposium Directors built upon several preceding NATO conferences in the general area of personnel systems, manpower modelling, and organization. The most recent NATO Conference, entitled 'Manpower Planning and Organization Design,' was held in Stresa, Italy in 1977. That meeting was organized to foster research on the interrelationships between programmatic approaches to personnel planning within organizations and behavioral science approachs to organization design. From that context of corporate planning the total internal organizational perspective was the MACRO view, and the selection, assignment, care and feeding of the people was the MICRO view. Conceptually, this meant that an integrated approach was needed if all the dimensions of such problems within private and public organizations were to corne out correctly. 428 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Edwin J. Vandenberg, a long time researcher at the Research Center of Hercules Incorporated, was the 1981 winner of the American Chemical Society Award in Polymer Chemistry, sponsored by the Witco Chemical Corp. Following is the citation of the accomplishments which led to this award. 'In recognition of his pioneering research that advanced polymer science and that led to the discovery and development of isotactic polypropylene, epichlorohydrin and propylene oxide elastomers, new polymerization catalysts, and the hydrogen method of controlling molecular weights of Ziegler polyolefins.' It was my pleasure to arrange a symposium to celebrate this award at the Atlanta Meeting of the American Chemical Society on March 30, 1981. In considering the broad range of Vandenberg's contributions to polymer chemistry, it was decided to choose the subject of 'Coordination Polymerization' for the symposium. This area is both one to which Vandenberg has made major contributions and one of great industrial and scientific interest. Since Vandenberg has been involved in coordination polymerization in both ring-opening and a-olefin type polymerizations, both were covered in the symposium, whose program follows. 1. 'The Polymerization of 1,2-Epoxides Catalyzed by the Condensation Products of Metal-Containing Compounds with Alkylphosphates', T. Nakata, Research Laboratories, Osaka Soda Co., Ltd., 9 Otakasu-cho, Amagasaki City, Hyogo Pref. 660, Japan. 344 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This collection of papers is the result of a symposium sponsored by NATO's Defense Research Group Panel VIII in the Spring of 1985. The symposium came into being when it became obvious to the NATO countries that research, development and utilization of advanced technologies for training was the best means of increasing both training effectiveness and efficiency. This symposium was the second in a series of three devoted to training. The series was structured to cover all aspects of training. The first series addressed the value of training, the second one dealt with the application of training technologies and the third and last of the series focused on academic issues concerned with the effect of prior learning on subsequent learning. The fact that a major American publisher has determined that computer based instruction is the technology of greatest interest to the NATO community is not surprising. Advances in microprocessor technology have revolutionized both how and where we train. During this symposium there were a limited number of carefully chosen exhibits to demonstrate the various applications of computer based training techniques. In the following papers you will find both a practical and scientific basis for the way current and future training and training systems should be designed, applied and utilized. We know that training must be done faster and more effectively. 360 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Pattern recognition is a child of modern technology; electronics and computers in particular have inspired research and made it possible to develop the subject in a way which would have been impossible otherwise. It is a rapidly growing research field which began to flourish in the 1960s and which is beginning to produce commercial devices. Significant developments have been made, both in the theory and practical engineering of the subject, but there is evidence of a schism developing between these two approaches. Practical machines have usually been designed on an ad hoc basis, with little use being made of advanced theory. It is difficult to provide a rigorous mathematical treatment of many problems pertinent to a practical situation. This is due, in part at least, to a conceptual rift between theory and practice. The mathematics of optimal systems is well developed, whereas pragmatists are more concerned with vaguer ideas of reasonable and sufficient. In some situations, the quest for optimality can constrain research and retard practical progress. This can occur, for example, if too narrow a view is taken of 'optimal': the accuracy of a system may be optimal whereas its speed, cost, or physical size may be grossly suboptimal. The objective of this book is to present a glimpse of the pragmatic approach to pattern recognition; there already exist a number of excellent texts describing theoretical developments. 504 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume contains papers associated with the conference 'Atomic Spectra and Collisions in External Fields II', that took place July 30-31 1987 at Royal Holloway and Beford New College. The first meeting of this name was held at the National Bureau of Standards in Gaithersburg, Maryland in 1984, and, if any tradition can yet be said to have been established in the series, it is that the proceedings be written after the conference. We hope thereby to preserve some impression of the discussions that took place, which in both cases were vigorous and unihibited. Both meetings happen to have convened in proximity to major developments in the field. At the time of the first conference, results of experimental measurements of dielectronic recombination in electron ion beams were beginning to appear. These showed large discrepancies with theoretical calculations, which were attributed to the effects of rather weak electric fields on the highly-excited states that mediate the recombination process. This conjecture gave rise to widespread concern in the plasma physics community that the representation of dielectronic recombination in existing plasma models, in which it plays an important role in energy and ionization balance, might be seriously in error due to neglect of the effects of electric and magnetic fields. The subject of field effects on recombination processes was thus a major focus of the 1984 meeting. 472 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The theory of controlled processes is one of the most recent mathematical theories to show very important applications in modern engineering, parti cularly for constructing automatic control systems, as well as for problems of economic control. However, actual systems subject to control do not admit a strictly deterministic analysis in view of random factors of various kinds which influence their behavior. Such factors include, for example, random noise occurring in the electrical system, variations in the supply and demand of commodities, fluctuations in the labor force in economics, and random failures of components on an automated line. The theory of con trolled processes takes the random nature of the behavior of a system into account. In such cases it is natural, when choosing a control strategy, to proceed from the average expected result, taking note of all the possible variants of the behavior of a controlled system. An extensive literature is devoted to various economic and engineering systems of control (some of these works are listed in the Bibliography). is no text which adequately covers the general However, as of now there mathematical theory of controlled processes. The authors ofthis monograph have attempted to fill this gap. In this volume the general theory of discrete-parameter (time) controlled processes (Chapter 1) and those with continuous-time (Chapter 2), as well as the theory of controlled stochastic differential equations (Chapter 3), are presented. 248 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The intent of this publication is to bring together reviews and discussions from several disciplines, all treating the basidium and basidiocarp of the Basidiomy cotina (= basidiomycetes), a subdivision of the true or higher fungi. Because the workers who study the species of this group employ such a variety of techniques and publish in such diverse journals, we believe that bringing together these efforts in one publication will facilitate a synopsis of recent studies of several divergent disciplines. Correlation of such information may not only aid in the reevaluation of broad taxonomic and biological concepts but also provide a key to the specialists in the rethinking of the data available within the confines of the more restricted disciplines. We have attempted to cover the major areas of studies of species of the Basidiomycotina within the past decade or so with the exception of genetics and compatibility, which have recently been reviewed in several other works. A problem we have not been able to solve satisfactorily is the one of vocabulary. Each discipline tends to develop its own language as it becomes increasingly specialized, with time becoming unintelligible to the majority. We have tried to alleviate this problem of terms but can not claim to have been completely successful. We are indebted to a great many people, but especially to the contributors. They have been most patient and cooperative throughout. 204 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The papers making up this volume represent a summary of the proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Amorphous Magnetism held at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute on August 25- 27, 1976. As a result of the resounding success of the Inter national Symposium on Amorphous Magnetism held at Wayne State University on August 17 and 18, 1972 this symposium was again organized with the purpose in mind of providing a forum for dis cussion of the most recent theoretical and experimental advances made in the fields of spin glass systems, amorphous magnetic alloys and magnetic oxide glasses. The symposium was sponsored by the American Physical Society and supported by a grant from GTE Laboratories. Additional support funds were provided by General Electric, Allied Chemical and Ford Motor Company. The program committee consisted of J. J. Becker (General Electric), P. A. Casabella (RPI), P. J. Cote (Watervliet Arsenal), A. M. de Graaf (Wayne State University), R. Hasegawa, Co-Chairman (Allied Chemical), H. O. Hooper (University of Maine), H. B. Huntington (RPI), R. A. Levy, Chairman (RPI), R. K. MacCrone (RPI), L. N. Mulay (Penn State University), G. L. Salinger (RPI) and J. Wong (General Electric). The program of the symposium included 7 invited review papers, 53 contributed papers, and 10 additional papers read by title because of time limitations. The editors wish to extend their deep appreciation to J. J. Becker, A. M. de Graaf, P. Duwez, J. Gustafson, D. L. Huber, U. 696 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume is being published for two reasons. The first is to present a collection of previously published articles on the subject of programming methodology that have helped define the field and give it direction. It is hoped that the scientist in the field will find the volume useful as a reference, while the scientist in neighboring fields will find it useful in seriously acquainting himself with important ideas in programming methodology. The advanced student can also study it-either in a course or by himself -in order to learn significant material that may not appear in texts for some time. The second reason for this volume is to make public the nature and work on programming methodology of IFIP Working Group 2.3, hereafter called WG2.3. (IFIP stands for International Federation for Information Processing.) WG2.3 is one of many IFIP Working Groups that have been established to provide international forums for discussion of ideas in various areas. Generally, these groups publish proceedings of some of their meetings and occasionally they sponsor a larger conference that persons outside a group can attend. WG2.3 has been something of a maverick in this respect. From the beginning the group has shunned paperwork, reports, meetings, and the like. This has meant less pUblicity for IFIP and WG2.3, but on the other hand it has meant that meetings could be devoted almost wholly to scientific discussions. 460 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -We characterize an isolated molecule by its compos~t~on, i.e. the number and types of atoms forming the molecule, its structure, i.e. the geometrical arrangement of the composite atoms with respect to each other, and its possible, i.e. quantum mechanically allowed, stationary energy states. Conceptually we separate the latter, being aware that this is an approximation, into electronic, vibrational and rotational states, including fine and hyperfine structure splittings. To be sure, there is an intimate relation between molecular structure and molecular energy states, in fact it is this relation we use, when we obtain structural information through spectroscopy, where we determine transitions between various stationary states of the molecule. The concepts above have proven extremely useful in chemistry and spectroscopy, however, the awareness of the limitations of these concepts has grown in recent years with the increasing recognition of (i) fluctional molecules, (ii) multiphoton absorption processes and (iii) influences due to the surroundings on 'isolated' molecules. 632 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -It is with great pleasure that I present this third volume of the series 'Advanced Applications in Pattern Recognition.' It represents the summary of many man- (and woman-) years of effort in the field of speech recognition by tne author's former team at the University of Turin. It combines the best results in fuzzy-set theory and artificial intelligence to point the way to definitive solutions to the speech-recognition problem. It is my hope that it will become a classic work in this field. I take this opportunity to extend my thanks and appreciation to Sy Marchand, Plenum's Senior Editor responsible for overseeing this series, and to Susan Lee and Jo Winton, who had the monumental task of preparing the camera-ready master sheets for publication. Morton Nadler General Editor vii PREFACE Si parva licet componere magnis Virgil, Georgics, 4,176 (37-30 B.C.) The work reported in this book results from years of research oriented toward the goal of making an experimental model capable of understanding spoken sentences of a natural language. This is, of course, a modest attempt compared to the complexity of the functions performed by the human brain. A method is introduced for conce1v1ng modules performing perceptual tasks and for combining them in a speech understanding system. 512 pp. Englisch.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book is an updated version of my Ph.D. dissertation, The AND/OR Process Model for Parallel Interpretation of Logic Programs. The three years since that paper was finished (or so I thought then) have seen quite a bit of work in the area of parallel execution models and programming languages for logic programs. A quick glance at the bibliography here shows roughly 50 papers on these topics, 40 of which were published after 1983. The main difference between the book and the dissertation is the updated survey of related work. One of the appendices in the dissertation was an overview of a Prolog implementation of an interpreter based on the AND/OR Process Model, a simulator I used to get some preliminary measurements of parallelism in logic programs. In the last three years I have been involved with three other implementations. One was written in C and is now being installed on a small multiprocessor at the University of Oregon. Most of the programming of this interpreter was done by Nitin More under my direction for his M.S. project. The other two, one written in Multilisp and the other in Modula-2, are more limited, intended to test ideas about implementing specific aspects of the model. Instead of an appendix describing one interpreter, this book has more detail about implementation included in Chapters 5 through 7, based on a combination of ideas from the four interpreters. 164 pp. Englisch. …

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This publication is based on a Symposium that has been held in Clearwater, Florida on February 19-21, 1986, on antibodies, their structure, synthesis, function, and clinical applicability in disease. Organization of this symposium by the University of South Florida College of Medicine was prompted by the unparalleled current expansion of information on these topics in general, and in the field of antibody diver sity, in particular. The issues that surround the last named dimension of this field, began to surface in the late 1950's with the first conclusive genetic studies having been answered, and a new set of concepts has been de fined. As we see it from the material presented in this volume, now new and different questions are being raised and answered by studies in progress, and it may be expected that there will be other questions that will be with us for a considerably longer time. We believe that the symposium brought together many prominent investi gators with different backgrounds and training experiences such as immunolo gists, microbiologists, biochemists, molecular biologists, and clinical sci entists, thus providing an excellent example of the interdisciplinary value of modern immunology and modern biomedical science in general. We believe, therefore, that bringing these complex topics to a wide audience of bio medical scientists through this symposium as well as this volume is of value to the scientific and to the medical community. 228 pp. Englisch. …