Brill sep 2015 (76 resultados)

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Der Band untersucht den Zusammenhang von Geschichtserfahrung und philologischer Erkenntnis im Werk des Literaturwissenschaftlers Peter Szondi (1929-1971).Im März 2013 fand die erste Konferenz über Szondi in Israel statt. Dabei wurde auch an die 45-jährige Wiederkehr der Gastprofessur an der Hebräischen Universität erinnert, die Peter Szondi im Frühjahrssemester 1968 antrat. Der in englischer Sprache verfasste Band ruft Werk und Wirken des im Budapest der Zwischenkriegszeit geborenen Wissenschaftlers in Erinnerung und versucht damit auch die zukünftige Beschäftigung mit seinen philologischen Positionen zu fördern.; Der Band untersucht den Zusammenhang von Geschichtserfahrung und philologischer Erkenntnis im Werk des Literaturwissenschaftlers Peter Szondi (1929-1971).Im März 2013 fand die erste Konferenz über Szondi in Israel statt. Dabei wurde auch an die 45-jährige Wiederkehr der Gastprofessur an der Hebräischen Universität erinnert, die Peter Szondi im Frühjahrssemester 1968 antrat. Der in englischer Sprache verfasste Band ruft Werk und Wirken des im Budapest der Zwischenkriegszeit geborenen Wissenschaftlers in Erinnerung und versucht damit auch die zukünftige Beschäftigung mit seinen philologischen Positionen zu fördern.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - To many European observers, the German Federal Constitutional Court appears overly activist, assuming a role that is political rather than judicial. Most Germans see the highest court of their country in a very different light. The book explains how the Court works, why it is as popular - and therefore powerful - as it is, and how it has made the Basic Law more popular than any other constitution has ever been in Germany.; In weiten Teilen Europas wundert man sich über die prominente Rolle, die in Deutschland das Bundesverfassungsgericht spielt. Für die Deutschen gehört es zur Normalität, dass über einen großen Teil der politisch besonders umstrittenen Fragen am Ende das Bundesverfassungsgericht entscheidet. Zu kaum einer Institution haben die Bürger in Deutschland größeres Vertrauen als zum Bundesverfassungsgericht. Dieses Buch stellt dar, wie die Entscheidungen des Gerichts entstehen, wie die Richter zusammenarbeiten, welche Rolle dabei parteipolitische Hintergründe spielen, warum die Entscheidungen meist auf hohe Akzeptanz stoßen und was die Art und Weise, in der das Gericht funktioniert, für die deutsche Demokratie bedeutet.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Norbert M. Samuelson is Harold and Jean Grossman Chair of Jewish Studies and Professor of Religious Studies at Arizona State University in Tempe, Arizona. Trained as an analytic philosopher, he went on to establish the Academy of Jewish Philosophy in 1980, which contributed greatly to the professionalization of Jewish philosophy in America. An ordained Reform rabbi, a constructive theologian, and a public intellectual, Samuelson has insisted that philosophy is the very heart of Judaism and that in order to survive in the 21st century Judaism must rethink itself in light of contemporary science. Through his scholarship and organizational work he has brought a Jewish voice to the dialogue of religion and science. Viewing Jewish philosophy as central to the understanding of the Jewish past, Samuelson has explicated the philosophical dimension of Judaism, from the Bible to the present. …

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - In Lewi Pethrus' Ecclesiological Thought 1911-1974: A Transdenominational Pentecostal Ecclesiology, Tommy Davidsson presents a chronological survey of the ecclesiology of the Swedish Pentecostal pioneer, Lewi Pethrus (1884-1974). The presentation is the first study of its kind and it demonstrates by means of a historical analysis the underlying factors that contributed to the formation of ecclesiological beliefs among Pentecostals. The insights from the historical analysis are then applied to a global setting. By employing Roger Haight's Transdenominational Ecclesiology, Davidsson proposes a methodology that serves as a helpful tool when assessing the unifying values that characterise highly diverse Pentecostal communities worldwide.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Practicing Philosophy as Experiencing Life: Essays on American Pragmatism is a collection of texts written by top international experts on American philosophy. They consider various strands of American pragmatism from the viewpoint of practical philosophy, and provide the historical background and an outline of the international encounter with other philosophical traditions. Many key figures of American thought and pragmatist philosophy are discussed. The volume combines a panorama of approaches and gives a wide scope of problems: ethical, religious, social, political, cultural, ontological, cognitive, anthropological, and others, so as to show that pragmatism can be seen as a philosophy of life and as such it focuses on the life problems of contemporary humans in particular and of humanity in general. Contributors are: Jacquelyn Ann K. Kegley, John Lachs, Sami Pihlström, Krzysztof Piotr Skowronski, Kenneth W. Stikkers, and Emil Visnovský.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Agriculture provides food and nutrition for all people and raw materials for industry. It is the source of employment and livelihoods for the majority of people in developing countries - including much of Sub-Saharan Africa. But agriculture faces sustainability and viability challenges, notably declining production and productivity, food and nutrition insecurity, and conflicting research and development approaches. Solutions to the challenges require innovation that involves transdisciplinary effort and multiple stakeholders. The Developmental Work Research (DWR) methodology enables practitioners, content and process specialists to work together and develop solutions that overcome complex agriculture challenges. DWR provides conceptual tools that utilise the distributed cognition and volition of agricultural stakeholders to produce lasting solutions. This book discusses the DWR methodology and how it can and has been used to facilitate collective innovation, transform agricultural practices, improve the livelihoods of farming communities and the land. It draws on DWR-inspired case studies in southern Africa, Finland and New Zealand. 'Mutizwa Mukute has written a much-needed introduction to developmental work research. The book is theoretically and methodologically sophisticated, yet solidly grounded in practice. It provides an excellent basis for conducting research and formative interventions in the domain of agricultural innovations, and beyond.' Yrjö Engeström, Professor and Director of CRADLE, University of Helsinki.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - This number of Marcel Proust Aujourd'hui, 'Swann at 100/Swann à 100 ans', edited by Adam Watt, has its origins in a conference that took place in Exeter, UK, in December 2013 to celebrate the centenary of the publication of Du côté de chez Swann. The articles, in English and French, approach this first volume of A la recherche du temps perdu from various perspectives: there are reception studies, thematic and stylistic studies, as well as contributions to our knowledge of the cultural and intellectual history of the period and, in particular, that annus mirabilis 1913. 'Swann at 100' will be an important resource for all readers of the Recherche. Ce numéro de Marcel Proust Aujourd'hui, 'Swann at 100/Swann à 100 ans', dirigé par Adam Watt, a ses racines dans un colloque qui eut lieu à Exeter (Angleterre) en décembre 2013 pour fêter le centenaire de la publication de Du côté de chez Swann. Les articles, en français et en anglais, abordent ce premier volume de la Recherche (ainsi que d'autres parties du roman) sous plusieurs perspectives: on y trouve des études de la réception de l'oeuvre, des études thématiques et stylistiques, ainsi que des contributions à notre connaissance de l'histoire culturelle et intellectuelle de la période et, en particulier, de cette annus mirabilis 1913. 'Swann à 100 ans' sera une ressource considérable pour tout lecteur de la Recherche. …

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - In recent decades, women in the Christian and Islamic traditions have been negotiating what it means to participate in religious practice as a woman within the two traditions, and how to interpret canonical scripture. This book creates a shared space for Muslim and Christian women with diverse cultural and denominational backgrounds, by making meaning of texts from the Bible, the Koran, and the Hadith. It builds on the reading and discussion of the Hagar narratives, as well as 1 Timothy 2:8-15 and Sura 4:34 from the New Testament and the Koran respectively, by a group of both Christian and Muslim women. Interpretative strategies and contextual analyses emerge from the hermeneutical analysis of the women's discussions on the ambiguous contributions of the texts mentioned above to the traditional views on women. This book shows how intertextual dialogue between the Christian and Islamic traditions establishes an interpretative community through the encounter of Christian and Muslim readers. The negotiation between a search for gender justice and the Christian and Islamic traditions as lived religions is extended into a quest for gender justice through the co-reading of texts. In times when gender and the status of women are played into the field of religious identity politics, this book shows that bringing female readers together to explore the canonical texts in the two traditions provides new insights about the texts, the contexts, and the ways in which Muslim-Christian dialogue can provide complex and promising hermeneutical space where important questions can be posed and shared strategies found.…

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Irena Veisaite is held in deep esteem throughout her country. This volume is an attempt to relate the difficult journey of her remarkable life against the backdrop of the complex history of Lithuania and its Litvaks (Lithuanian Jews).After being rescued by Christian Lithuanian families and having survived the Holocaust Irena Veisaite devoted herself to study and creative work. She was a memorable lecturer, respected theatre critic, associate film director, and also founder and chairman of the Open Society Fund (Soros Foundation) which made an invaluable contribution to the process of democratisation in Lithuania.Irena Veisaite made it her life's work to speak up for dialogue and mutual understanding and believes that even in the most difficult circumstances it is possible to preserve one's humanity. Having lived through some of the major atrocities of the twentieth century, her insistence on the need for tolerance has inspired many.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - In Beyond Parliament Horman Chitonge offers a unique combination of the conceptual dimensions with the practical examples of human rights discourse deployed as an instrument for social change in the global south. He uses the right to water and the right to food to illustrate that human rights are never given on a silver platter; giving effect to human rights is always an outcome of a continuous struggle to protect human dignity and value. To implement this view of human rights, the book argues, requires going beyond the parliamentary politics of recognising and acknowledging human rights in statutes and bill of rights to the radical democratic politics of giving effect to the recognised rights, especially among the poor and marginalised.…

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - In the years to come the international legal order will have to face a broad range of challenges, of both an institutional and substantive nature. That is precisely the focus of this collective volume written by contributors from Flanders and the Netherlands. Although they are specialists in different fields of international law, what unites them is their position as Emeritus professors, with long and respected careers and a wealth of experience and insight. Their brief was to reflect - from their silver perspective - on the future of their respective fields and the most pressing challenges that lie ahead for them. The result is a fascinating, thought-provoking and above all original collection, offering the reader the benefit of the collective wisdom of this group of eminent 'silver' scholars. …

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - One might be surprised, astonished or indignant seeing men and women prostrating themselves in front of other men and other women. Or one might feel it is right to bow down before God, Allah, the saints, the Holy Virgin or the gods. Kings into Gods: How Prostration Shaped Eurasian Civilizations investigates the reasons why men prostrate themselves before deities or before powerful men. Through an in-depth historical and cultural analysis, this book highlights the connection between rituality and royalty within the Eurasian civilizations. The narrative and iconic documentation gathered and analyzed concerns the Greek and Roman world, the Mongolian civilization during the Middle Ages, the Hindu and Chinese civilizations, the Islamic civilization in India in the fourteenth century, the Mughal civilization and European civilization in the late Middle Ages. The different forms of the rituals in the courts of kings and emperors are tightly connected with the concept of royalty. The prostration is an act of humiliation of defeated enemies, a means to establish a abysmal distance between powerful elite and the people, a way of creating hierarchies within the elite itself.…

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Norbert M. Samuelson is Harold and Jean Grossman Chair of Jewish Studies and Professor of Religious Studies at Arizona State University in Tempe, Arizona. Trained as an analytic philosopher, he went on to establish the Academy of Jewish Philosophy in 1980, which contributed greatly to the professionalization of Jewish philosophy in America. An ordained Reform rabbi, a constructive theologian, and a public intellectual, Samuelson has insisted that philosophy is the very heart of Judaism and that in order to survive in the 21st century Judaism must rethink itself in light of contemporary science. Through his scholarship and organizational work he has brought a Jewish voice to the dialogue of religion and science. Viewing Jewish philosophy as central to the understanding of the Jewish past, Samuelson has explicated the philosophical dimension of Judaism, from the Bible to the present.…

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Liberation is a fundamental subject in South Asian doctrinal and philosophical reflection. This book is a study of the discussion of liberation from suffering presented by Dharmakirti, one of the most influential Indian philosophers. It includes an edition and translation of the section on the cessation of suffering according to Manorathanandin, the last commentator on Dharmakirti's Prama?avarttika in the Sanskrit cosmopolis. The edition is based on the manuscript used by Sa?k?tyayana and other sources. Methodological issues related to editing ancient Sanskrit texts are examined, while expanding on the activity of ancient pandits and modern editors.…

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - While the churches are emptying, other virtual religious places - as the religious websites - seem to be filling up. The researcher focusing on religion and internet or digital religion as an object of study must seek answers to a number of questions. Is computer-mediated religious communication a particular communication process whose object is what we conventionally call religion Or is it a modern, independent form of religious expressiveness that finds its new-born status in the web and its particular language To examine the questions above, and others, the book collects more empirical data, claiming that the Internet will have a specific or novel impact on how religious traditions are interpreted. The blurring of previous boundaries (offline/online, virtual/local, illegitimate/legitimate religion) is another theme common to all the contributions in this volume.…

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - In Visual Cultures of Death in Central Europe, Aleksandra Koutny-Jones explores the emergence of a remarkable cultural preoccupation with death in Poland-Lithuania (1569-1795). Examining why such interests resonated so strongly in the Baroque art of this Commonwealth, she argues that the printing revolution, the impact of the Counter-Reformation, and multiple afflictions suffered by Poland-Lithuania all contributed to a deep cultural concern with mortality.Introducing readers to a range of art, architecture and material culture, this study considers various visual evocations of death including 'Dance of Death' imagery, funerary decorations, coffin portraiture, tomb chapels and religious landscapes. These, Koutny-Jones argues, engaged with wider European cultures of contemplation and commemoration, while also being critically adapted to the specific context of Poland-Lithuania. …

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - The drive for harmonisation of environmental criminal standards at both the international and European level emerges from the increasing recognition of the scale and seriousness of environmental crime, the need to strengthen mechanisms of police and judicial interstate cooperation to combat cross-border crime, and the objective to ensure fair competition in a global economy and an integrated EU common market. The harmonisation of environmental criminal law requires a competent institutional framework able to convey the need for criminalisation of environmental harm while not overriding national aspirations to sovereignty in criminal matters. The book Environmental Criminal Liability and Enforcement in European and International Law assesses legal, theoretical and practical questions of harmonisation of national environmental criminal law and the mechanisms for cooperation by sovereign states under European and International Law, with a particular emphasis on legislative developments in the European Union, the Council of Europe and other international institutions, assessing the case for an extension of the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court over international environmental crimes.…

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Ordering Emotions in Europe, 1100-1800 investigates how emotions were conceptualised and practised in the medieval and early modern period, as they ordered systems of thought and practice--from philosophy and theology, music and literature, to science and medicine. Analysing discursive, psychic and bodily dimensions of emotions as they were experienced, performed and narrated, authors explore how emotions were understood to interact with more abstract intellectual capacities in producing systems of thought, and how these key frameworks of the medieval and early modern period were enacted by individuals as social and emotional practices, acts and experiences of everyday life. Contributors are: Han Baltussen, Susan Broomhall, Louis C. Charland, Louise D'Arcens, Raphaële Garrod, Yasmin Haskell, Danijela Kambaskovic, Clare Monagle, Juanita Feros Ruys, François Soyer, Robert Weston, Carol J. Williams, R.S. White, and Spencer E. Young. …

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Singing on the River by Igor Chabrowski, based on Sichuan boatmen's work songs (haozi), explores the little known world of mentality and self-representation of Chinese workers from the late 19th century until the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937). Chabrowski demonstrates how river workers constructed and interpreted their world, work, and gender in context of the dissolving social, cultural, and political orders. Boatmen asserted their own values, bemoaned exploitation, and imagined their sexuality largely in order to cope with their low social status. Through studying the Sichuan boatmen we gain an insight into the ways in which twentieth-century nonindustrial Chinese workers imagined their place in the society and appropriated, without challenging them, the traditional values. …

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Plato's Phaedo has never failed to attract the attention of philosophers and scholars. Yet the history of its reception in Antiquity has been little studied. The present volume therefore proposes to examine not only the Platonic exegetical tradition surrounding this dialogue, which culminates in the commentaries of Damascius and Olympiodorus, but also its place in the reflections of the rival Peripatetic, Stoic, and Sceptical schools.This volume thus aims to shed light on the surviving commentaries and their sources, as well as on less familiar aspects of the history of the Phaedo's ancient reception. By doing so, it may help to clarify what ancient interpreters of Plato can and cannot offer their contemporary counterparts.…

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - This book offer a biography of a key East Central European ruler, Vladislaus Henry, who ruled the Margraviate of Moravia from 1198 to 1222 and, in cooperation with his brother, King Premysl Otakar I of Bohemia, was involved in the transformation of the Holy Roman Empire into a free union of Princes. The study also describes the successful modernisation of Moravia and Bohemia during the 13th century, and reflects on the beginnings of the politically emancipated community of the Moravians, which was defined by land values. The work thus draws attention to a previously overlooked dimension of the European Middle Ages, including the history of not only states and nations but also of lands.…

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - This volume contains the English translation of articles selected from Religious Studies in Contemporary China Collection: Buddhism (Dangdai Zhongguo zongjiao yanjiu jingxuan: Fojiao juan) edited by Lou Yulie. All the articles in this volume were originally published in Chinese during the last two decades and thus represent trends of recent scholarship on Buddhist studies in China. Although these articles represent a small portion of the scholarly output, we will notice some common interests shared by the Chinese scholars of Buddhist studies and their counterparts in the west. Buddhist scholars on both sides of the Pacific are paying attention to the relationship between Buddhism and Daoism, the question of indigenous scriptures, the social and ritualistic dimension of Buddhism revealed in artistic creations and the interaction and mutual influences between Chinese and the larger Buddhist world.…

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Greece and Rome have long featured in books for children and teens, whether through the genres of historical fiction, fantasy, mystery stories or mythological compendiums. These depictions and adaptations of the Ancient World have varied at different times, however, in accordance with changes in societies and cultures. This book investigates the varying receptions and ideological manipulations of the classical world in children's literature. Its subtitle, Heroes and Eagles, reflects the two most common ways in which this reception appears, namely in the forms of the portrayal of the Greek heroic world of classical mythology on the one hand, and of the Roman imperial presence on the other. Both of these are ideologically loaded approaches intended to educate the young reader. …

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Islam is often seen as a religious tradition in which hell does not play a particularly prominent role. This volume challenges this hackneyed view. Locating Hell in Islamic Traditions is the first book-length analytic study of the Muslim hell. It maps out a broad spectrum of Islamic attitudes toward hell, from the Quranic vision(s) of hell to the pious cultivation of the fear of the afterlife, theological speculations, metaphorical and psychological understandings, and the modern transformations of hell. Contributors: Frederick Colby, Daniel de Smet, Christiane Gruber, Jon Hoover, Mohammad Hassan Khalil, Christian Lange, Christopher Melchert, Simon O'Meara, Samuela Pagani, Tommaso Tesei, Roberto Tottoli, Wim Raven, and Richard van Leeuwen.…

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Destruction of Cultural Heritage in 19th Century France examines the fate of the building stock and prominent ruins of France (especially Roman survivals) in the 19th century, supported by contemporary documentation and archives, largely provided through the publications of scholarly societies. The book describes the enormous extent of the destruction of monuments, providing an antidote to the triumphalism and concomitant amnesia which in modern scholarship routinely present the 19th century as one of concern for the past. It charts the modernising impulse over several centuries, detailing the archaeological discoveries made (and usually destroyed) as walls were pulled down and town interiors re-planned, plus the brutal impact on landscape and antiquities as railways were laid out. Heritage was largely scorned, and identity found in modernity, not the past.…

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - In Poetry and Censorship Jennifer Helm offers insight into motives and strategies of Counter-Reformation censorship of poetry in Italy. Materials of Roman censorial authorities reveal why the control of poetry and of its reception was crucial to Counter-Reformation cultural politics. Censorship of poetry should enable the church to influence human inner life that ---from thought and belief to fantasy and feeling--- was evolving considerably at that time. The control of poetic genres and modes of writing played an important part here. Yet, to what extent censorship could affect poetic creation emerges from a manuscript of the Venetian poet Domenico Venier. The materials suggest the impact of Counter-Reformation censorship on poetry began earlier and was more extensive than has yet been propagated.…

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - A Companion to the Reformation in Central Europe analyses the diverse Christian cultures of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, the Czech lands, Austria, and lands of the Hungarian kingdom between the 15th and 18th centuries. It establishes the geography of Reformation movements across this region, and then considers different movements of reform and the role played by Protestant, Catholic, and Orthodox clergy. This volume examines different contexts and social settings for reform movements, and investigates how cities, princely courts, universities, schools, books, and images helped spread ideas about reform. This volume brings together expertise on diverse lands and churches to provide the first integrated account of religious life in Central Europe during the early modern period.Contributors are: Phillip Haberkern, Maciej Ptaszynski, Astrid von Schlachta, Márta Fata, Natalia Nowakowska, Luka Ilic, Michael Springer, Edit Szegedi, Mihály Balázs, Rona Johnston Gordon, Howard Louthan, Tadhg Ó hAnnracháin, Liudmyla Sharipova, Alexander Schunka, Rudolf Schlögl, Václav Buzek, Mark Hengerer, Michael Tworek, Pál Ács, Maria Craciun, Grazyna Jurkowlaniec, Laura Lisy-Wagner, and Graeme Murdock.…

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Camus, Philosophe: To Return to our Beginnings is the first book on Camus to read Camus in light of, and critical dialogue with, subsequent French and European philosophy. It argues that, while not an academic philosopher, Albert Camus was a philosophe in more profound senses looking back to classical precedents, and the engaged French lumières of the 18th century. Aiming his essays and literary writings at the wider reading public, Camus' criticism of the forms of 'political theology' enshrined in fascist and Stalinist regimes singles him out markedly from more recent theological and messianic turns in French thought. His defense of classical thought, turning around the notions of natural beauty, a limit, and mesure makes him a singularly relevant figure given today's continuing debates about climate change, as well as the way forward for the post-Marxian Left.…

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Semitic Languages in Contact contains twenty case studies analysing various contact situations involving Semitic languages. The languages treated span from ancient Semitic languages, such as Akkadian, Aramaic, Classical Ethiopic, Hebrew, Phoenician, and Ugaritic, to modern ones, including languages/dialects belonging to the Modern Arabic, Modern South Arabian, Neo-Aramaic, and Neo-Ethiopian branches of the Semitic family. The topics discussed include writing systems, phonology, morphology, syntax, and lexicon. The approaches range from traditional philology to more theoretically-driven linguistics. These diverse studies are united by the theme of language contact. Thus, the volume aims to provide the status quaestionis of the study of language contact among the Semitic languages. With contributions from A. Al-Jallad, A. Al-Manaser, D. Appleyard, S. Boyd, Y. Breuer, M. Bulakh, D. Calabro, E. Cohen, R. Contini, C. J. Crisostomo, L. Edzard, H. Hardy, U. Horesh, O. Jastrow, L. Kahn, J. Lam, M. Neishtadt, M. Oren, P. Pagano, A. D. Rubin, L. Sayahi, J.Tubach, J. P. Vita, and T. Zewi.…

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - The two volumes of Marxism and Historical Practice bring together essays written by one of the major Marxist historians of the last fifty years. The pieces collected in Volume I, Interpretive Essays on Class Formation and Class Struggle, offer a stimulating, empirically grounded survey of North American collective behaviour, popular mobilizations, and social struggles, ranging from a rich discussion of ritualistic protest like the charivari through the rise of the Knights of Labor in the 1880s to campaigns against neoliberal labour reform in British Columbia in the early 1980s. What emerges is Palmer's sustained reflection on long-standing interpretive historical problems of class formation, the dynamics of social change, and how popular social movements arise and relate to law, the state, and existing cultural contexts. …