westermayer cless (3 resultados)

Cesar-Francois Cassini Stipple-engraved portrait. César-François Cassini de Thury (1714-1784) came from and continued a line of astronomers, with his grandfather, father and son all studying and observing the movements and positions of celestial bodies. In 1744, he began the construction of a huge topographical map of France, one of the landmarks in the history of French cartography, which was posthumously published in 180 sheets by his son. Cassini appeared in an issue of the 'Allgemeine geographische Ephemeriden', the geographical journal published by Zach and Bertuch, in 1808. His portrait was engraved by German draughtsman Westermayer after a portrait by French artist Jean Henri Cless. Cassini's bust is shown in three-quarter perspective; he is wearing a powdered wig and voluminous robes. Beneath the oval containing the image German text identifies him as "Erster Herausgeber des grossen Atlas von Frankreich" ('First editor of the great atlas of France').

Jean Dominique Cassini Stipple-engraved portrait, trimmed within plate mark on right. Giovanni Domenico Cassini (1625-1712) an Italian mathematician and astronomer, who, on taking up French citizenship, changed his name to Jean-Dominique. He discovered four of the moons and the Cassini Division in the rings of Saturn in 1675. In cartography he was the first to make successful measurements of longitude by the method suggested by Galileo, using eclipses of the satellites of Jupiter as a clock, a method used to measure France accurately for the first time. On hearing that France was considerably smaller than expected, Louis XIV joked that Cassini had taken more of his kingdom from him than he had won in all his wars. An 1808 issue of the 'Allgemeine geographische Ephemeriden', the geographical journal published by Zach and Bertuch, contained a portrait of Cassini engraved by German draughtsman Westermayer after a portrait by French artist Jean Henri Cless. The astronomer is shown in three-quarter view wearing robes and a long dark wig.

Jean Dominique Cassini II Stipple-engraved portrait. Jean-Dominique Cassini (1748 1845) was the last in the line of prominent French astronomers originating with his great-grandfather, also named Jean-Dominique Cassini. Born at the Paris Observatory, Cassini was raised to be an astronomer. In 1770, Cassini published an account of a voyage to America that he had undertaken 1768 in order to test Pierre Le Roy's watches at sea. In 1783, he made a proposal to the Royal Society for a trigonometric survey connecting the observatories of Paris and Greenwich for the purpose of better determining the latitude and longitude of the latter. His proposal was accepted, and the results of the subsequent Anglo-French Survey were published in 1791. As well as fulfilling his inherited role as director of the observatory, Cassini also completed his father's map of France, which served as the basis for the 'Atlas National' (1791), showing France in departments. Hostilities from the National Assembly led to Cassini's resignation in 1794 before a seven-month stint in prison, from which he luckily escaped with his head. Cassini appeared alongside some of his forebears in an issue of Zach and Bertuch's 'Allgemeine geographische Ephemeriden' in 1808, with his portrait similar engraved by Westermayer after Cless. Showing Cassini is a short powdered wig with ponytail, and smartly dressed with a lace cravat, the engraving also notes his date and place of birth.