Christensen jackie (52 resultados)

Idioma: Inglés
Editorial: Da Capo Lifelong Books, 2005
- Tapa blanda
Librería: World of Books (was SecondSale), Montgomery, IL, Estados Unidos de AmericaWorld of Books (was SecondSale)
Contactar con el vendedorVendedor de 5 estrellasCondición: Usado - Regular
EUR 3,47
Gastos de envío gratisSe envía dentro de Estados Unidos de AmericaCantidad disponible: 2 disponibles
Paperback. Condición: Fair. Parkinson's disease--a chronic disorder that causes a progressive loss of nerve cell function in the part of the brain that controls muscle movement--is an incurable neurological condition with debilitating symptoms. Over 1.5 million Americans are affected, and the numbers continue to grow. From the first moment of her Parkinson's diagnosis, author Jackie Christensen took charge and educated herself on every aspect of her condition. Now, as a patient-expert, she guides those newly diagnosed step by step through their first year with Parkinson's. She provides crucial information about the nature of the disease, treatment options, diet, exercise, charts and tables, social concerns, emotional issues, networking with others, and much more. The First Year--Parkinson's Disease will be an invaluable guide for all those who want to be an informed, active participant in the management of their condition.…

Idioma: Inglés
Editorial: Balance, 2005
- Tapa blanda
Librería: Zoom Books Company, Lynden, WA, Estados Unidos de AmericaZoom Books Company
Contactar con el vendedorVendedor de 5 estrellasCondición: Usado - Bueno
EUR 4,08
Gastos de envío gratisSe envía dentro de Estados Unidos de AmericaCantidad disponible: 1 disponible
Condición: very_good. Book is in very good condition and may include minimal underlining highlighting. The book can also include "From the library of" labels. May not contain miscellaneous items toys, dvds, etc. . We offer 100% money back guarantee and 24 7 customer service.

Idioma: Inglés
Editorial: Balance (edition 1), 2005
- Tapa blanda
Librería: BooksRun, Philadelphia, PA, Estados Unidos de AmericaBooksRun
Contactar con el vendedorVendedor de 5 estrellasCondición: Usado - Bueno
EUR 4,98
Gastos de envío gratisSe envía dentro de Estados Unidos de AmericaCantidad disponible: 1 disponible
Paperback. Condición: Very Good. 1. It's a well-cared-for item that has seen limited use. The item may show minor signs of wear. All the text is legible, with all pages included. It may have slight markings and/or highlighting.

Idioma: Inglés
Editorial: Da Capo Lifelong Books, 2005
- Tapa blanda
Librería: World of Books Inc, Montgomery, IL, Estados Unidos de AmericaWorld of Books Inc
Contactar con el vendedorVendedor de 4 estrellasCondición: Usado - Regular
EUR 5,30
Gastos de envío gratisSe envía dentro de Estados Unidos de AmericaCantidad disponible: 2 disponibles
Paperback. Condición: Fair. Parkinson's disease--a chronic disorder that causes a progressive loss of nerve cell function in the part of the brain that controls muscle movement--is an incurable neurological condition with debilitating symptoms. Over 1.5 million Americans are affected, and the numbers continue to grow. From the first moment of her Parkinson's diagnosis, author Jackie Christensen took charge and educated herself on every aspect of her condition. Now, as a patient-expert, she guides those newly diagnosed step by step through their first year with Parkinson's. She provides crucial information about the nature of the disease, treatment options, diet, exercise, charts and tables, social concerns, emotional issues, networking with others, and much more. The First Year--Parkinson's Disease will be an invaluable guide for all those who want to be an informed, active participant in the management of their condition.…

Idioma: Inglés
Editorial: Balance, 2005
- Tapa blanda
Librería: Greenworld Books, arlington, TX, Estados Unidos de AmericaGreenworld Books
Contactar con el vendedorVendedor de 5 estrellasCondición: Usado - Aceptable
EUR 5,40
Gastos de envío gratisSe envía dentro de Estados Unidos de AmericaCantidad disponible: 1 disponible
Condición: good. Fast Free Shipping â" Good condition. It may show normal signs of use, such as light writing, highlighting, or library markings, but all pages are intact and the book is fully readable. A solid, complete copy that's ready to enjoy.

Idioma: Inglés
Editorial: Da Capo Lifelong Books, 2005
- Tapa blanda
Librería: ThriftBooks-Dallas, Dallas, TX, Estados Unidos de AmericaThriftBooks-Dallas
Contactar con el vendedorVendedor de 5 estrellasCondición: Usado - Bueno
EUR 5,95
Gastos de envío gratisSe envía dentro de Estados Unidos de AmericaCantidad disponible: 1 disponible
Paperback. Condición: Very Good. No Jacket. May have limited writing in cover pages. Pages are unmarked. ~ ThriftBooks: Read More, Spend Less.

Idioma: Inglés
Editorial: Da Capo Lifelong Books, 2005
- Tapa blanda
Librería: ThriftBooks-Dallas, Dallas, TX, Estados Unidos de AmericaThriftBooks-Dallas
Contactar con el vendedorVendedor de 5 estrellasCondición: Usado - Aceptable
EUR 5,95
Gastos de envío gratisSe envía dentro de Estados Unidos de AmericaCantidad disponible: 1 disponible
Paperback. Condición: Good. No Jacket. Pages can have notes/highlighting. Spine may show signs of wear. ~ ThriftBooks: Read More, Spend Less.

Idioma: Inglés
Editorial: Da Capo Lifelong Books, 2005
- Tapa blanda
Librería: ThriftBooks-Atlanta, AUSTELL, GA, Estados Unidos de AmericaThriftBooks-Atlanta
Contactar con el vendedorVendedor de 5 estrellasCondición: Usado - Aceptable
EUR 5,95
Gastos de envío gratisSe envía dentro de Estados Unidos de AmericaCantidad disponible: 1 disponible
Paperback. Condición: Good. No Jacket. Pages can have notes/highlighting. Spine may show signs of wear. ~ ThriftBooks: Read More, Spend Less.

Idioma: Inglés
Editorial: Balance, 2005
- Tapa blanda
Librería: GoldBooks, Denver, CO, Estados Unidos de AmericaGoldBooks
Contactar con el vendedorVendedor de 5 estrellasCondición: Usado - Regular
EUR 2,30
Envío por EUR 4,90Se envía dentro de Estados Unidos de AmericaCantidad disponible: 1 disponible
Paperback. Condición: fair. Acceptable Copy. Customer Service Guaranteed.

Idioma: Inglés
Editorial: Balance, 2005
- Tapa blanda
Librería: Cathy's Half Price Books, Havertown, PA, Estados Unidos de AmericaCathy's Half Price Books
Contactar con el vendedorVendedor de 4 estrellasCondición: Usado - Aceptable
EUR 4,34
Envío por EUR 3,56Se envía dentro de Estados Unidos de AmericaCantidad disponible: 1 disponible
paperback. Condición: Good. Shows some light wear from age and use. Interior is good with sound binding and no marks, damage or labels.

Idioma: Inglés
Editorial: Balance, 2005
- Tapa blanda
Librería: Scissortail, Oklahoma City, OK, Estados Unidos de AmericaScissortail
Contactar con el vendedorVendedor de 5 estrellasCondición: Usado - Bueno
EUR 8,23
Gastos de envío gratisSe envía dentro de Estados Unidos de AmericaCantidad disponible: 1 disponible
Condición: very_good. This is a well-cared-for used book with light signs of previous use. There may be minor cover wear, a faint crease, or slight spine wear, but overall it's in great shape and fully readable. Please note: -May contain library or rental stickers. -Supplemental materials e.g., CDs, access codes, inserts are not guaranteed. -Box sets may not include original exterior box. Your satisfaction is our top priority! If you have any questions or concerns about your order, please don't hesitate to reach out. Thank you for shopping with us and supporting small businessâ"happy reading. …

Idioma: Inglés
Editorial: Grand Central Publishing, 2005
- Tapa blanda
- Primera edición
Librería: Better World Books: West, Reno, NV, Estados Unidos de AmericaBetter World Books: West
Contactar con el vendedorVendedor de 5 estrellasCondición: Usado - Bueno
EUR 8,56
Gastos de envío gratisSe envía dentro de Estados Unidos de AmericaCantidad disponible: 1 disponible
Condición: Very Good. 1st Edition. Former library copy. Pages intact with possible writing/highlighting. Binding strong with minor wear. Dust jackets/supplements may not be included. Includes library markings. Stock photo provided. Product includes identifying sticker. Better World Books: Buy Books. Do Good. …

Idioma: Inglés
Editorial: Grand Central Publishing, 2005
- Tapa blanda
- Primera edición
Librería: Better World Books, Mishawaka, IN, Estados Unidos de AmericaBetter World Books
Contactar con el vendedorVendedor de 5 estrellasCondición: Usado - Aceptable
EUR 8,56
Gastos de envío gratisSe envía dentro de Estados Unidos de AmericaCantidad disponible: 3 disponibles
Condición: Good. 1st Edition. Former library copy. Pages intact with minimal writing/highlighting. The binding may be loose and creased. Dust jackets/supplements are not included. Includes library markings. Stock photo provided. Product includes identifying sticker. Better World Books: Buy Books. Do Good.…

Suddenly V : Prose Poetry and Sudden Fiction
Jackie (edited by) [introduction by Paul Christensen] [V. T. Abercrombie Pelham
Idioma: Inglés
Editorial: Stone River Press / A Page One Publications Imprint [2003], 2003
- Tapa blanda
Librería: ThriftBooks-Atlanta, AUSTELL, GA, Estados Unidos de AmericaThriftBooks-Atlanta
Contactar con el vendedorVendedor de 5 estrellasCondición: Usado - Bueno
EUR 9,11
Gastos de envío gratisSe envía dentro de Estados Unidos de AmericaCantidad disponible: 1 disponible
Paperback. Condición: Very Good. No Jacket. May have limited writing in cover pages. Pages are unmarked. ~ ThriftBooks: Read More, Spend Less.

- Tapa dura
Librería: World of Books (was SecondSale), Montgomery, IL, Estados Unidos de AmericaWorld of Books (was SecondSale)
Contactar con el vendedorVendedor de 5 estrellasCondición: Usado - Bueno
EUR 9,20
Gastos de envío gratisSe envía dentro de Estados Unidos de AmericaCantidad disponible: 3 disponibles
Hardback. Condición: Very Good. AYURVEDA: A 12-WEEK SOLUTION TO PREVENT, REVERSE & TREAT TYPE 2 DIABETES AND LIVE A LONGER, HEALTHER LIFE! Dr Christensen has developed the perfect guidebook to help people navigate and understand the implications of Type 2 Diabetes from the Ayurvedic perspective with 48 delicious recipes. The Ayurveda Solution for Type 2 Diabetes: A Clinically Proven Program to Balance Blood Sugar in 12 Weeks will be the first book to: Trace the roots of Type 2 Diabetes through the Ayurvedic perspectiveBring to life natural therapies that originated in Ayurveda, but are clinically proven and used in Western medicine Provide recent clinical research to support the most effective use of the diet, lifestyle, and herbal therapiesAllow readers to discover their true nature and apply a constitution-specific programInclude easy-to-follow bullet-point instructionsProvide a 12-week program to balance blood sugar, including an 8-week elimination diet, a one-week detox, and a 3-week reintroduction of foodsIncorporate an exercise journal, relaxation journal, food and blood-sugar journal to increase complianceInclude delicious, easy-to-prepare recipes for each constitution Modern medicine emphasizes the structure of the body; Ayurveda, on the other hand, focuses on the energies behind that structure--the doshas. Each chapter is full of extraordinary facts, clinical research, useful tips, and instructions for therapeutic self-application. Each therapy includes a brief yet compelling overview of how Ayurveda made these astonishing discoveries thousands of years ago, which are now clinically proven and implemented in Western medicine. Following the 12-step program, which features an 8-week elimination diet, herbal therapies, dietary guidelines, lifestyle adjustments and fabulous recipes by award-winning culinary herbalist Pat Crocker, the reader will be on the road to getting her blood sugar under control and feeling better than she has in months or even years ? knowing she is likely to be extending her life. Whether the reader is an Ayurveda novice or a serious student, the book ? filled with practical advice, solid science and compassion ? will be a valuable guide. Ayurveda can fully thrive in today's world, as its therapeutic approaches are proven through randomized controlled studies and adapted to a modern lifestyle. Ayurveda is supported through evidence-based scientific methods for the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes and has shown to get highly significant results. It is essential to integrate Ayurveda and modern medicine in treatment of Type 2 Diabetes, and The Ayurveda Solution for Type 2 Diabetes can help.Whether the reader is an Ayurveda novice or a serious student, the book ? filled with practical advice, solid science and compassion ? will be a valuable guide. START AYURVEDA THERAPY & START FEELING BETTER TODAY.…

- Tapa dura
Librería: Better World Books, Mishawaka, IN, Estados Unidos de AmericaBetter World Books
Contactar con el vendedorVendedor de 5 estrellasCondición: Usado - Aceptable
EUR 9,88
Gastos de envío gratisSe envía dentro de Estados Unidos de AmericaCantidad disponible: 1 disponible
Condición: Good. Pages intact with minimal writing/highlighting. The binding may be loose and creased. Dust jackets/supplements are not included. Stock photo provided. Product includes identifying sticker. Better World Books: Buy Books. Do Good.

- Tapa dura
Librería: HPB-Emerald, Dallas, TX, Estados Unidos de AmericaHPB-Emerald
Contactar con el vendedorVendedor de 5 estrellasCondición: Usado - Bueno
EUR 6,64
Envío por EUR 3,34Se envía dentro de Estados Unidos de AmericaCantidad disponible: 1 disponible
Hardcover. Condición: Very Good. Connecting readers with great books since 1972! Used books may not include companion materials, and may have some shelf wear or limited writing. We ship orders daily and Customer Service is our top priority.

- Tapa dura
Librería: ThriftBooks-Dallas, Dallas, TX, Estados Unidos de AmericaThriftBooks-Dallas
Contactar con el vendedorVendedor de 5 estrellasCondición: Usado - Bueno
EUR 10,10
Gastos de envío gratisSe envía dentro de Estados Unidos de AmericaCantidad disponible: 1 disponible
Hardcover. Condición: Very Good. No Jacket. Former library book; May have limited writing in cover pages. Pages are unmarked. ~ ThriftBooks: Read More, Spend Less.

- Tapa dura
Librería: ThriftBooks-Dallas, Dallas, TX, Estados Unidos de AmericaThriftBooks-Dallas
Contactar con el vendedorVendedor de 5 estrellasCondición: Usado - Bueno
EUR 10,10
Gastos de envío gratisSe envía dentro de Estados Unidos de AmericaCantidad disponible: 1 disponible
Hardcover. Condición: Very Good. No Jacket. May have limited writing in cover pages. Pages are unmarked. ~ ThriftBooks: Read More, Spend Less.

- Tapa dura
Librería: World of Books Inc, Montgomery, IL, Estados Unidos de AmericaWorld of Books Inc
Contactar con el vendedorVendedor de 4 estrellasCondición: Usado - Bueno
EUR 11,03
Gastos de envío gratisSe envía dentro de Estados Unidos de AmericaCantidad disponible: 3 disponibles
Hardback. Condición: Very Good. AYURVEDA: A 12-WEEK SOLUTION TO PREVENT, REVERSE & TREAT TYPE 2 DIABETES AND LIVE A LONGER, HEALTHER LIFE! Dr Christensen has developed the perfect guidebook to help people navigate and understand the implications of Type 2 Diabetes from the Ayurvedic perspective with 48 delicious recipes. The Ayurveda Solution for Type 2 Diabetes: A Clinically Proven Program to Balance Blood Sugar in 12 Weeks will be the first book to: Trace the roots of Type 2 Diabetes through the Ayurvedic perspectiveBring to life natural therapies that originated in Ayurveda, but are clinically proven and used in Western medicine Provide recent clinical research to support the most effective use of the diet, lifestyle, and herbal therapiesAllow readers to discover their true nature and apply a constitution-specific programInclude easy-to-follow bullet-point instructionsProvide a 12-week program to balance blood sugar, including an 8-week elimination diet, a one-week detox, and a 3-week reintroduction of foodsIncorporate an exercise journal, relaxation journal, food and blood-sugar journal to increase complianceInclude delicious, easy-to-prepare recipes for each constitution Modern medicine emphasizes the structure of the body; Ayurveda, on the other hand, focuses on the energies behind that structure--the doshas. Each chapter is full of extraordinary facts, clinical research, useful tips, and instructions for therapeutic self-application. Each therapy includes a brief yet compelling overview of how Ayurveda made these astonishing discoveries thousands of years ago, which are now clinically proven and implemented in Western medicine. Following the 12-step program, which features an 8-week elimination diet, herbal therapies, dietary guidelines, lifestyle adjustments and fabulous recipes by award-winning culinary herbalist Pat Crocker, the reader will be on the road to getting her blood sugar under control and feeling better than she has in months or even years ? knowing she is likely to be extending her life. Whether the reader is an Ayurveda novice or a serious student, the book ? filled with practical advice, solid science and compassion ? will be a valuable guide. Ayurveda can fully thrive in today's world, as its therapeutic approaches are proven through randomized controlled studies and adapted to a modern lifestyle. Ayurveda is supported through evidence-based scientific methods for the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes and has shown to get highly significant results. It is essential to integrate Ayurveda and modern medicine in treatment of Type 2 Diabetes, and The Ayurveda Solution for Type 2 Diabetes can help.Whether the reader is an Ayurveda novice or a serious student, the book ? filled with practical advice, solid science and compassion ? will be a valuable guide. START AYURVEDA THERAPY & START FEELING BETTER TODAY.…

- Tapa dura
Librería: Ucarstore, Saint Louis, MO, Estados Unidos de AmericaUcarstore
Contactar con el vendedorVendedor de 5 estrellasCondición: Nuevo
EUR 11,04
Gastos de envío gratisSe envía dentro de Estados Unidos de AmericaCantidad disponible: 1 disponible
Condición: New.

- Tapa dura
- Primera edición
Librería: Riverhorse Books, Saginaw, MI, Estados Unidos de AmericaRiverhorse Books
Contactar con el vendedorVendedor de 4 estrellasCondición: Usado - Excelente
EUR 12,85
Envío por EUR 4,23Se envía dentro de Estados Unidos de AmericaCantidad disponible: 1 disponible
Hardcover. Condición: Fine. Estado de la sobrecubierta: Fine. 1st Edition. 1st ed/1st prntg. Hardcover book in dust jkt. Book has no markings, inside or out, no rem-mark, and is clean and tight. Dust jkt is not price-clipped, and has no tears, chips or folds, and is bright and clean. 204 pgs w/index.…
Más imágenesIdioma: Inglés
Editorial: Stone River Press / A Page One Publications Imprint [2003], Houston, 2003
- Tapa blanda
- Primera edición
Librería: biblioboy, North Providence, RI, Estados Unidos de Americabiblioboy
Contactar con el vendedorVendedor de 5 estrellasCondición: Usado - Muy bueno
EUR 11,01
Envío por EUR 6,24Se envía dentro de Estados Unidos de AmericaCantidad disponible: 1 disponible
Trade Paperback. Condición: Near Fine. First Edition. Houston: Stone River Press / A Page One Publications Imp 2003. First Edition. Trade Paperback. 0962784494 . First edition. 211 pages. Near Fine copy with lower corner crimping to the rear portion of the book. See photos clphE.

Idioma: Inglés
Editorial: Balance, 2005
- Tapa blanda
Librería: GreatBookPrices, Columbia, MD, Estados Unidos de AmericaGreatBookPrices
Contactar con el vendedorVendedor de 5 estrellasCondición: Nuevo
EUR 17,28
Envío por EUR 2,35Se envía dentro de Estados Unidos de AmericaCantidad disponible: Más de 20 disponibles
Condición: New.

Idioma: Inglés
Editorial: Balance, 2005
- Tapa blanda
Librería: THEVILLAGEBOOKSTORE, Fall River, MA, Estados Unidos de AmericaTHEVILLAGEBOOKSTORE
Contactar con el vendedorVendedor de 4 estrellasCondición: Nuevo
EUR 16,05
Envío por EUR 3,56Se envía dentro de Estados Unidos de AmericaCantidad disponible: 1 disponible
paperback. Condición: New. PAP.

Idioma: Inglés
Editorial: Balance, 2005
- Tapa blanda
Librería: GreatBookPrices, Columbia, MD, Estados Unidos de AmericaGreatBookPrices
Contactar con el vendedorVendedor de 5 estrellasCondición: Usado - Como Nuevo
EUR 19,94
Envío por EUR 2,35Se envía dentro de Estados Unidos de AmericaCantidad disponible: Más de 20 disponibles
Condición: As New. Unread book in perfect condition.

- Tapa dura
Librería: Rarewaves USA, HEBRON, KY, Estados Unidos de AmericaRarewaves USA
Contactar con el vendedorVendedor de 5 estrellasCondición: Nuevo
EUR 22,50
Gastos de envío gratisSe envía dentro de Estados Unidos de AmericaCantidad disponible: 13 disponibles
Hardback. Condición: New. AYURVEDA: A 12-WEEK SOLUTION TO PREVENT, REVERSE and TREAT TYPE 2 DIABETES AND LIVE A LONGER, HEALTHER LIFE!Dr Christensen has developed the perfect guidebook to help people navigate and understand the implications of Type 2 Diabetes from the Ayurvedic perspective with 48 delicious recipes. The Ayurveda Solution for Type 2 Diabetes: A Clinically Proven Program to Balance Blood Sugar in 12 Weeks will be the first book to:Trace the roots of Type 2 Diabetes through the Ayurvedic perspectiveBring to life natural therapies that originated in Ayurveda, but are clinically proven and used in Western medicine Provide recent clinical research to support the most effective use of the diet, lifestyle, and herbal therapiesAllow readers to discover their true nature and apply a constitution-specific programInclude easy-to-follow bullet-point instructionsProvide a 12-week program to balance blood sugar, including an 8-week elimination diet, a one-week detox, and a 3-week reintroduction of foodsIncorporate an exercise journal, relaxation journal, food and blood-sugar journal to increase complianceInclude delicious, easy-to-prepare recipes for each constitutionModern medicine emphasizes the structure of the body; Ayurveda, on the other hand, focuses on the energies behind that structure--the doshas. Each chapter is full of extraordinary facts, clinical research, useful tips, and instructions for therapeutic self-application. Each therapy includes a brief yet compelling overview of how Ayurveda made these astonishing discoveries thousands of years ago, which are now clinically proven and implemented in Western medicine.Following the 12-step program, which features an 8-week elimination diet, herbal therapies, dietary guidelines, lifestyle adjustments and fabulous recipes by award-winning culinary herbalist Pat Crocker, the reader will be on the road to getting her blood sugar under control and feeling better than she has in months or even years - knowing she is likely to be extending her life. Whether the reader is an Ayurveda novice or a serious student, the book - filled with practical advice, solid science and compassion - will be a valuable guide.Ayurveda can fully thrive in today's world, as its therapeutic approaches are proven through randomized controlled studies and adapted to a modern lifestyle. Ayurveda is supported through evidence-based scientific methods for the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes and has shown to get highly significant results. It is essential to integrate Ayurveda and modern medicine in treatment of Type 2 Diabetes, and The Ayurveda Solution for Type 2 Diabetes can help.Whether the reader is an Ayurveda novice or a serious student, the book - filled with practical advice, solid science and compassion - will be a valuable guide.START AYURVEDA THERAPY and START FEELING BETTER TODAY.…

Idioma: Inglés
Editorial: Marlowe and Co, US, 2005
- Tapa blanda
Librería: Rarewaves.com USA, London, LONDO, Reino UnidoRarewaves.com USA
Contactar con el vendedorVendedor de 5 estrellasCondición: Nuevo
EUR 23,58
Gastos de envío gratisSe envía de Reino Unido a Estados Unidos de AmericaCantidad disponible: Más de 20 disponibles
Paperback. Condición: New.

Idioma: Inglés
Editorial: Balance, 2005
- Tapa blanda
Librería: California Books, Miami, FL, Estados Unidos de AmericaCalifornia Books
Contactar con el vendedorVendedor de 5 estrellasCondición: Nuevo
EUR 22,03
Envío por EUR 2,67Se envía dentro de Estados Unidos de AmericaCantidad disponible: Más de 20 disponibles
Condición: New.

- Tapa blanda
Librería: WorldofBooks, Goring-By-Sea, WS, Reino UnidoWorldofBooks
Contactar con el vendedorVendedor de 5 estrellasCondición: Usado - Bueno
EUR 18,71
Envío por EUR 6,69Se envía de Reino Unido a Estados Unidos de AmericaCantidad disponible: 1 disponible
Paperback. Condición: Very Good. The book has been read, but is in excellent condition. Pages are intact and not marred by notes or highlighting. The spine remains undamaged.