Zur statistischen Theorie der Kerne. Offprint from: Physikalische Zeitschrift der Sowjetunion, Vol. 11, No. 5, 1937

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First edition, very rare offprint. "Niels Bohr has shown in his fundamental work that the nuclei of elements of sufficiently large atomic weight can be treated by statistical methods. Developing these ideas, Bethe has investigated the distribution of nuclear energy levels as functions of this energy. In his treatment he has made assumptions which are equivalent to considering the nucleus as an ideal gas. It turns out, however, that Bethe's results do not depend on his assumptions. If we allow for the interaction of the particles in the nucleus, there is naturally very little reason to consider the nucleus as a 'solid body'. That is to say we should imagine it as a 'liquid drop' of protons and neutrons, and not as a 'crystal'. In contrast to normal liquids quantum effects are extremely important in this liquid. The uncertainty of the coordinates of the particles is distinctly larger than their mutual separation. Notwithstanding that we have no methods available for the treatment of 'quantum liquids', we can still derive a few properties of the nuclei" (translation from Collected Papers of L. D. Landau, ter Haar (ed.), p. 226). In their review paper 'On the transmutation of atomic nuclei by impact of material particles,' Bohr and Kalckar noted that "Landau has succeeded [in the offered paper] from very general arguments in deducing a comprehensive formula for the dependence of the probability of nuclear disintegration under release of charged particles on the external repulsion as well as on the density of the level distribution of the nucleus in the energy region concerned" (Mehra & Rechenberg, The Conceptual Completion and the Extensions of Quantum Mechanics 1932 - 1941, p. 988). Landau received the 1962 Nobel Prize in Physics for his development of a mathematical theory of superfluidity that accounts for the properties of liquid helium II at very low temperatures. 8vo, pp. [556], 557-565. Self-wrappers. N° de ref. del artículo ABE-1677590155990

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