Descripción
Bound, full volume first edition of two papers: EDWIN HALL'S SIGNIFICANT FOLLOW-UP WORK TO HIS 1880 DISCOVERY OF THE HALL EFFECT, a "seminal and foundational experiment of condensed matter physics" (Armitage, Notes on Hall Effect Experiments). The paper offered presents further work on the Hall Effect. Withbound, ALAN MARQUAND'S FIRST MECHANICAL LOGICAL ENGINE, "one that is still extant" (Wikipedia). Both papers are discussed below. HALL'S PAPER: "The Hall effect occurs when an electric current is placed in a magnetic field, causing a potential difference and a transverse field is created. By measuring the potential one can calculate the strength of the magnetic field" (Armitage). "The Hall Effect. provides an introduction to computer acquisition, magnetic probes, and transport experiments. which are really the bread and butter of condensed matter experiments. It is only a slight overstatement to say that all other experiments one does in condensed matter are simply higher order experiments to shed light on interesting phenomena observed in transport" (ibid). After publication of his famous 1880 paper (which we offer separately both as a bound extract and as a full volume), Hall travelled to Europe to make further measurements with respect to his discovery, this time using Helmholtz's Berlin laboratory. He first presented the results of that work as a paper and speech delivered to the British Association; the paper offered here, printed in the same year, is both an extension of the 1880 work and an extended version of the 1880 British Association work. The paper was very well received. Writing in the Biographical Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences, Bridgman quoted Lord Kelvin's comments about Hall's 1881 work: "â??The subject of the communication [and paper] is by far the greatest discovery that has been made in respect to the electrical properties of metals since the times of Faraday-a discovery comparable with the greatest made by Faraday'" (Biog. Mem. Nat. Acad. Sci. 21 73-94). MARQUAND PAPER: While studying at Princeton, Marquand was inspired by the related work of William S. Jevons to build a mechanical logical machine. Marquand presented his machine in the paper offered here and it is considered "an improved version of the Jevons machine. The Marquand Logic Machine was smaller, the number of keys reduced, and its system of rods, springs, and levers proved far more sophisticated than previous mechanisms. The control panel of the instrument resembled Marquand's logic diagram of overlapping rectangles. "Although it performed the same operations as the Jevons-type machine, Marquand felt that his device could be easily adapted to solve much larger problems. Both Jevons and Marquand had used De Morgan's negative terms (represented by lowercase letters) as inputs to their machines. One interesting aspect of Marquand's machine is that entire premises of the syllogism had to be input in the negative. His machine then eliminated any conclusions that agreed with the negative of the premises, as those would contradict the premises" (Bennett, Logic, 163). CONDITION & DETAILS: London: Taylor and Francis. Complete. Volume inclusive of 11 plates. 4to (8.75 x 5.75 inches; 219 x 144mm). Small red Japanese stamp on title page. Handsomely and solidly bound in three quarter brown calf over marbled paper boards. Five gilt-ruled raised bands at the spine; gilt armorial devices in the compartments. Gilt-lettered red and black morocco spine labels. Moderate toning throughout, most noticeably to the endpapers. The majority of the text is clean and bright. Very good.
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