Continuity and Adaptation in Aging : Creating Positive Experiences

Despite the undeniable physical, psychological and social effects of ageing, writes Robert C. Atchley, most older persons cope quite well and find considerable satisfaction in their later years. Part of the explanation for this finding, Atchley argues, is based on what he calls "continuity" - the ability of older persons to maintain a strong sense of purpose and self in the face of the changes of ageing. Continuity can help individuals evolve psychologically and socially in the presence of life events such as retirement, widowhood, and physical disability. Atchley begins with an explanation of continuity theory, identifying important methodological considerations in its evaluation and use. He then looks at evidence for continuity over time in the ways individuals interpret their experiences and make decisions regarding their living arrangements and lifestyles. He examines continuity as a personal goal that most people use to guide their developmental evolution as individuals. Atchley finds that many ageing adults add transcendence as a personal goal in later adulthood. In a concluding chapter, he revisits the basic elements of continuity theory, summarizing the evidence that supports it. Drawing on data from a 20-year longitudinal study that began with more than 1200 individuals, this work explains one of the primary underlying forces that promotes effective adaptation to the ageing process.