Force de field george (1 resultados)

None. Condición: None. Eleven original manuscripts, including seven Folios from ca. 32,5x21 cm (12 ¾ x 8 in) to ca. 31x19 cm (12 ¼ x 7 ½ in) and four Quartos from ca. 25x20 cm (9 ¾ x 7 ¾ in) to ca. 22,5x18 cm (8 ¾ x 7 in). Brown ink on watermarked laid or wove paper. Documents from 1 to 6 pp. each; in all 30,5 pp. of text. Three official dispatches are signed by the superiors (G.H. Fagan, W. Lumsdaine, J. Nicol); three are certified as a "true copy" or a "true extract"; two documents are docketed on the last leaves. Fold marks, occasional minor creases or stains, one autograph letter by Edward Gardner is incomplete; overall a very good collection. Historically significant collection of eleven original rare manuscripts, providing a valuable insight into the process of preparation of a British advance to the western Kingdom of Nepal in December 1815 in the course of the Anglo-Nepalese War of 1814-1816. Caused by the rapid expansion of the Kingdom of Nepal in the 18th - early 19th centuries (in particular, the conquest of the princely states of Kumaon and Garhwal bordering the territories of the British East India Company), the war consisted of two campaigns. The first one culminated in the capture of the Gorkhali Malaun Fort by Sir David Ochterlony in May 1815, which led to the withdrawal of Nepalese troops to the territory east of the Kali River, leaving Gahrwal and Kumaon to British India (both are now parts of the Uttarakhand state of India). A peace treaty was signed "at Segowlie on the 28th November 1815, and was ratified by [British] Government with the usual salute, on the 9th December. <…> Under the impression that peace was restored, the preparations for the second campaign were suspended, and the commissariat officers, in their zeal for economy, went beyond the bounds of due discretions, discharging great part of the transport establishment and selling much of the grain collected in the frontier depot" (Frontier and Overseas Expeditions from India. Vol. IV. North and North-Eastern Frontier Tribes. Simla, 1907, p. 25; see more ). Nevertheless, during December 1815, it was discovered that the Nepalese government had not ratified the treaty, and the second campaign started south of Kathmandu in January 1816 with the decisive British victory near Makwanpur in March. According to the peace treaty of Sugauli, Nepal ceded roughly one-third of its territory, including Kumaon, Gahrwal and parts of the Terai; a permanent British representative (Resident) was stationed in Kathmandu (Edward Gardner, two of his letters are in this collection); and Nepalese troops, known as Gurkhas, started to serve in the British Indian army, where they were regarded as some of the finest and fiercest soldiers. The documents from the collection date back to November-December 1815, the time of the first signing of the peace treaty and the subsequent discovery by the British that the Nepalese government intended to continue military actions. All manuscripts are related to the organization of the British military force, which was being formed in Sitapur (now Uttar Pradesh state of India) under the command of Colonel Jasper Nicolls (future Commander-in-Chief of the Madras Army and Commander-in-Chief, India), with the goal "to penetrate into the provinces of Doti and Salena" in western Nepal (Frontier and Overseas Expeditions from India. Vol. IV, p. 32). Ultimately, Nicolls' force didn't take part in the military actions, as a quick, victorious campaign by Major General David Ochterlony south of Kathmandu effectively ended the war. The documents contain valuable information on the history of operations of the British Indian Army in Kumaon and along the border of western Nepal. Originals or copies of official dispatches from Adjutant General George Fagan, Commissary General of Bengal Thomas Weguelin, James Nicol (Office of Deputy Adjutant General, Field Army) and Mayor William Lumsdaine ("Deputy Commissary General, Nepal") refer to the formation of the British force in S. …