springer us springer us jan 2012 (132 resultados)

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware -Recent developments in various areas of chemistry have been decisively influenced by the principles of structure and mechanism and by the ideas of coordination chemistry, in particular by the donor-acceptor approach, A unified view of almost all kinds of molecular forces is provided by quantum mechanics, and for practical purposes have been classified according to model assumptions, namely, dispersion, polarization, electrostatic, and short-range forces. The latter are divided into two- and three-center covalent chemical bonds, metallic bonds, and exchange-repulsion forces. This approach allows statements of principle and systematic analysis. However, quantitative predictions on concrete large systems are virtually impossible, and there are no general rules that account for structural and chemical changes due to intermolecular interactions. Chemists are therefore left with qualitative descriptions in which the changes in electron densities are considered. Such models as the MO theory or the resonance concept unrealistically assume that the nuclei remain in fixed positions. Further difficulties are encountered in the attempted description on the 'nature' of the chemical bond, e.g., the forces involved. In order to avoid these difficulties an extension of the donor-acceptor concept, characterized by the comparison between equilibrium structures in different molecular environments, will be presented in this book. In this way, changes in the positions of the nuclei can be taken into account and the question of the nature of the molecular forces is no longer important.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware -Recent developments in various areas of chemistry have been decisively influenced by the principles of structure and mechanism and by the ideas of coordination chemistry, in particular by the donor-acceptor approach, A unified view of almost all kinds of molecular forces is provided by quantum mechanics, and for practical purposes have been classified according to model assumptions, namely, dispersion, polarization, electrostatic, and short-range forces. The latter are divided into two- and three-center covalent chemical bonds, metallic bonds, and exchange-repulsion forces. This approach allows statements of principle and systematic analysis. However, quantitative predictions on concrete large systems are virtually impossible, and there are no general rules that account for structural and chemical changes due to intermolecular interactions. Chemists are therefore left with qualitative descriptions in which the changes in electron densities are considered. Such models as the MO theory or the resonance concept unrealistically assume that the nuclei remain in fixed positions. Further difficulties are encountered in the attempted description on the 'nature' of the chemical bond, e.g., the forces involved. In order to avoid these difficulties an extension of the donor-acceptor concept, characterized by the comparison between equilibrium structures in different molecular environments, will be presented in this book. In this way, changes in the positions of the nuclei can be taken into account and the question of the nature of the molecular forces is no longer important.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 296 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Recent developments in various areas of chemistry have been decisively influenced by the principles of structure and mechanism and by the ideas of coordination chemistry, in particular by the donor-acceptor approach, A unified view of almost all kinds of molecular forces is provided by quantum mechanics, and for practical purposes have been classified according to model assumptions, namely, dispersion, polarization, electrostatic, and short-range forces. The latter are divided into two- and three-center covalent chemical bonds, metallic bonds, and exchange-repulsion forces. This approach allows statements of principle and systematic analysis. However, quantitative predictions on concrete large systems are virtually impossible, and there are no general rules that account for structural and chemical changes due to intermolecular interactions. Chemists are therefore left with qualitative descriptions in which the changes in electron densities are considered. Such models as the MO theory or the resonance concept unrealistically assume that the nuclei remain in fixed positions. Further difficulties are encountered in the attempted description on the 'nature' of the chemical bond, e.g., the forces involved. In order to avoid these difficulties an extension of the donor-acceptor concept, characterized by the comparison between equilibrium structures in different molecular environments, will be presented in this book. In this way, changes in the positions of the nuclei can be taken into account and the question of the nature of the molecular forces is no longer important.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - This volume, the fifth of a continuing series on information systems science, covers four timely topics which are in the mainstream of this field. In each chapter, an attempt is made to familiarize the reader with basic background information on the advances discussed, so that this volume may be used independently or in conjunction with the previous volumes. The emphasis in this volume is focused upon data organization and access methods, software for on-line minicomputer applications, advances in micropro graming, and gramm ars and recognizers for formal and natural languages. In Chapter 1, P. C. Patton presents a tutorial survey of data organiza tion and access methods which play a central role in information system design. Research in information processing has been shifted from numerical data processing to nonnumerical information handling. In the latter case, the information is carried not only by the data but also by the structure and organization of the data base. In this chapter, the author provides the reader with a comprehensive review of various data structures, including linear lists, array structures, tree structures, and multilinked structures. He also discusses the important problem of data-base design and management. This chapter concludes with several examples of information handling systems such as a matrix interpretive system, a generalized information management system, and a criminal justice information system. The rapid reduction in cost and great increase in capability of the mini computer have made it an attractive machine for information systems.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Information systems science embraces a broad spectrum of topics. It is vir tually impossible to provide comprehensive and in-depth discussion, other than simple recitals of recent results, of every important topic in each volume of this annual review series. Since we have chosen the former approach, each volume will only cover certain aspects of recent advances in this bur geoning field. The emphasis in this volume, the third of a continuing series, is focussed upon pattern recognition, pictorial information manipulation, and new approaches to logical design of information networks. In Chapter 1, V. A. Kovalevsky presents a tutorial survey of practical and theoretical developments in pattern recognition. He categorizes the basic developments in three different directions. The first direction is charac terized by an empirical treatment with highly specialized recognition schemes. In the second direction, the major efforts are centered upon the cre ation of learning systems capable of improving recognition performance on the basis of past experience. The majority of the work in the third direction is devoted to the study of the basic structure of complex patterns, the con struction of mathematical models for pattern recognition, and the analysis of complex pictorial representations. The author elucidates the 'heuristics' approach and the 'science' approach to pattern recognition problems. This chapter together with Chapter 2 of this volume supplements the chapter on Engineering Principles of Pattern Recognition in Volume 1 to provide a more complete treatment of this subject.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - The time seems ripe for a critical compendium of that segment of the biological universe we call viruses. Virology, as a science, having passed only recently through its descriptive phase of naming and num bering, has probably reached that stage at which relatively few new truly new-viruses will be discovered. Triggered by the intellectual probes and techniques of molecular biology, genetics, biochemical cytology, and high resolution microscopy and spectroscopy, the field has experienced a genuine information explosion. Few serious attempts have been made to chronicle these events. This comprehensive series, which will comprise some 6000 pages in a total of about 18 volumes, represents a commitment by a large group of active investigators to analyze, digest, and expostulate on the great mass of data relating to viruses, much of which is now amorphous and disjointed, and scattered throughout a wide literature. In this way, we hope to place the entire field in perspective, and to develop an invalua ble reference and sourcebook for researchers and students at all levels. This series is designed as a continuum that can be entered anywhere, but which also provides a logical progression of developing facts and integrated concepts.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - It is only relatively recently that neurochemists and neurobiologists have shown appreciable interest in the class of macromolecules now generally re ferred to as complex carbohydrates, although gangliosides were, of course, first identified and studied in brain. The glycosaminoglycans fell chiefly within the province of connective-tissue biochemists, and earlier informa tion concerning the structure and metabolism of glycoproteins was largely limited to the more accessible glycoproteins and oligosaccharides (such as those found in plasma, milk, and urine), or ones which are relatively simple to prepare in a soluble and manageable form. Techniques were later devised for the isolation and purification of tightly bound membrane glycoproteins, where initial studies concentrated mainly on the erythrocyte, for which large amounts of a single cell population are available. Because of the structural complexity of nervous tissue and the large numbers, low concentrations, and membrane-bound form of many of its complex carbohydrates, progress has occurred more slowly in this area.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes, and Cancer is a multi-volume series that will focus on an emerging area of cancer research. In 1968, R.H. Williams first reported that elevated prostaglandin levels are present in human medullary car cinoma. Since that time, the concept that arachidonic acid metabolites may be in volved in cancer has expanded to include every aspect of the disease from cell transformation through metastasis. Prostaglandins and leukotrienes are generic terms used to describe a family of bioactive lipids produced from unsaturated fatty acids (principally from arachidonic acid) via the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways, respec tively. Cyclooxygenase products consist of diverse products such as prosta glandin Ez (PGEz), prostacyclin (PGIz) and thromboxane Az (TXAz), whereas lipoxygenase products consist of hydroperoxy fatty acids and mono-, di- and tri-hydroxy acids including leukotrienes. The precursor fatty acids for the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways are present in cellular phospholipids. This finding established an important control point in their biosynthesis-the release of substrate. This occurs in response to numerous stimuli that act at the cell surface. Dr. Bengt Samuelsson's extensive study of the metabolism of pros taglandins indicated that they are rapidly inactivated on a single pass through pulmonary circulation. Thus, they cannot act as circulating hormones and appear to be made on demand in or in the vicinity of target tissues leading to the concept that prostaglandins are local hormones or autocoids.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Recent developments in various areas of chemistry have been decisively influenced by the principles of structure and mechanism and by the ideas of coordination chemistry, in particular by the donor-acceptor approach, A unified view of almost all kinds of molecular forces is provided by quantum mechanics, and for practical purposes have been classified according to model assumptions, namely, dispersion, polarization, electrostatic, and short-range forces. The latter are divided into two- and three-center covalent chemical bonds, metallic bonds, and exchange-repulsion forces. This approach allows statements of principle and systematic analysis. However, quantitative predictions on concrete large systems are virtually impossible, and there are no general rules that account for structural and chemical changes due to intermolecular interactions. Chemists are therefore left with qualitative descriptions in which the changes in electron densities are considered. Such models as the MO theory or the resonance concept unrealistically assume that the nuclei remain in fixed positions. Further difficulties are encountered in the attempted description on the 'nature' of the chemical bond, e.g., the forces involved. In order to avoid these difficulties an extension of the donor-acceptor concept, characterized by the comparison between equilibrium structures in different molecular environments, will be presented in this book. In this way, changes in the positions of the nuclei can be taken into account and the question of the nature of the molecular forces is no longer important. 296 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The purpose of this series is to provide a continuing critical review of the literature concerned with mechanistic aspects of inorganic and organo metallic reactions in solution, with coverage being complete in each volume. The papers discussed are selected on the basis of relevance to the elucidation of reaction mechanisms and many include results of a nonkinetic nature when useful mechanistic information can be deduced. The period of literature covered by this volume is July 1982 through December 1983, and in some instances papers not available for inclusion in the previous volume are also included. Numerical results are usually reported in the units used by the original authors, except where data from different papers are com pared and conversion to common units is necessary. As in previous volumes material included covers the major areas of redox processes, reactions of the nonmetallic elements, reaction of inert and labile metal complexes and the reactions of organometallic compounds. While maintaining the space devoted to other areas, that given to the nonmetallic elements has been increased. In recognition of the increasing importance of the determination of volumes of activation in understanding the mechanisms of both inorganic and organometallic reactions a special reference section giving tabulated Ll V\* values has been included and this extensive compilation will be updated in future volumes. 540 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book by Kaplan and Vekhter brings together the molecular world of the chemist with the condensed matter world of the physicist. Prior to the collapse of the Soviet Union, chemists in the West devoted lit to relationships between molecular electronic structure and tle attention solid-state vibronic phenomena. Treating quantum mechanical problems wherein the adiabatic Born-Oppenheimer approximation fails was done by 'brute force. ' With bigger and better computers available in the West, molecular orbital calculations were done on observed and conceived static structures with little concern for any cooperativity of vibrational behavior that might connect these states. While it had long been understood in the West that situations do occur in which different static structures are found for molecules that have identical or nearly identical electronic structures, little attention had been paid to understanding the vibrational states that could connect such structures. It was easier to calculate the electronic structure observed with several possible distortions than to focus on ways to couple electronic and vibrational behavior. In the former Soviet Union, computational power was not as acces sible as in the West. Much greater attention, therefore, was devoted to conserving computational time by considering fundamental ways to han dle the vibrational connectivity between degenerate or nearly degenerate electronic states. 444 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The Advanced Study Institute on Quantum Flavordynamics, Quantum Chromodynamics and Unified Theories was held on the campus th of the University of Colorado at Boulder from July 9 through July 27th of 1979. There has been a rapid progress in the understanding of weak, electromagnetic and strong interactions and their unification during the past few years. The purpose of the Institute was to have a group of lecturers active in these areas of research give a series of lectures on various aspects of these topics beginning at the elementary level and ending with the up-to-date developments. There were three lecturers, Professors S. Ellis, R. Field and C. H. Llewellyn Smith who covered the different but related aspects of Quantum Chromodynamics. Their lectures were well coordinated, but some overlap was inevitable. Dr. Buras gave two lectures on QCD corrections beyond the leading order. Professor D. Gross covered the nonperturbative aspects and a possible mechanism of quark confinement. At a more phenomenological level, Professor C. De Tar covered the bag models. The subject matter of electro weak interactions was covered by Professor G. Altarelli. Professor J. Wess gave six lectures on supersymmetry and supergravity. All these lectures with the exception of those of Professor D. Gross are incorporated in this volume. The contents of Professor Gross' lectures are available elsewhere and therefore only references and problems are included here. In addition to the above lectures, there were workshop-like discussion sessions. 512 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -viii The growing use of NTD silicon outside the U. S. A. motivated an interest in having the next NTD conference in Europe. Therefore, the Third International Conference on Neutron Transmutation-Doped Silicon was organized by Jens Guldberg and held in Copenhagen, Denmark on August 27-29, 1980. The papers presented at this conference reviewed the developments which occurred during the t'A'O years since the previous conference and included papers on irradiation technology, radiation-induced defects, characteriza tion of NTD silicon, and the use of NTD silicon for device appli cations. The proceedings of this conference were edited by Jens Guldberg and published by Plenum Press in 1981. Interest in, and commercial use of, NTD silicon continued to grow after the Third NTD Conference, and research into neutron trans mutation doping of nonsilicon semiconductors had begun to accel erate. The Fourth International Transmutation Doping Conference reported in this volume includes invited papers summarizing the present and anticipated future of NTD silicon, the processing and characterization of NTD silicon, and the use of NTD silicon in semiconductor power devices. In addition, four papers were pre sented on NTD of nonsilicon semiconductors, five papers on irra diation technology, three papers on practical utilization of NTD silicon, four papers on the characterization of NTD silicon, and five papers on neutron damage and annealing. These papers indi cate that irradiation technology for NTD silicon and its use by the power-device industry are approaching maturity. 356 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Space missions subject human beings or any other target of a spacecraft to a radiation environment of an intensity and composition not available on earth. Whereas for missions in low earth orbit (LEO), such as those using the Space Shuttle or Space Station scenario, radiation exposure guidelines have been developed and have been adopted by spacefaring agencies, for exploratory class missions that will take the space travellers outside the protective confines of the geomagnetic field sufficient guidelines for radiation protection are still outstanding. For a piloted Mars mission, the whole concept of radiation protection needs to be reconsidered. Since there is an increasing interest of many nations and space agencies in establishing a lunar base and lor exploring Mars by manned missions, it is both, timely and important to develop appropriate risk estimates and radiation protection guidelines which will have an influence on the design and structure of space vehicles and habitation areas of the extraterrestrial settlements. This book is the result of a multidisciplinary effort to assess the state of art in our knowledge on the radiation situation during deep space missions and on the impact of this complex radiation environment on the space traveller. It comprises the lectures by the faculty members as well as short contributions by the students given at the NATO Advanced Study Institute 'Biological Effects and Physics of Solar and Galactic Cosmic Radiation' held in Armacao de Pera, Portugal, 12-23 October, 1991. 960 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -During the past decade there has been a dramatic expansion of our knowledge on phospholipases in general, and phospholipase A2 (PLA2) in particular. Progress in this field has been evident on many fronts, with novel information rapidly accumulating in the literature regarding the chemistry and molecular biology of this enzyme and its role in many important physiological processes. These include cellular signal transduction via the G-protein cycle, and in the generation of many cellular mediators, such as the platelet activating factor (PAF) and the eicosanoids that participate in the initiation and propagation of inflammation, to mention a few. This symposium was organized to obtain an overview of current investigations on this enzyme from the standpoint of its chemistry, molecular biology and physiology. Another important focus of this symposium concerns the regulation of PLA2, including endogenous and synthetic inhibitors and activators of this enzyme. To review these important areas in PLA2 research we invited scientists who made significant contributions in this field. The papers in this volume are organized to emphasize the recent advances in several areas of investigation, including: (I) the structure and mechanism of action of PLA2, (2) mechanism of activation of PLA2, (3) molecular biology, physiology and endogenous inhibitors of this enzyme and finally, (4) clinical investigations emphasizing the pathophysiological role of this enzyme in human diseases. The first article in this volume is by Dr. 280 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The substantial and impressive changes in microbial ecology can scarcely be chronicled in a meaningful fashion, and a review series such as Advances in Microbial Ecology can thus not do justice to the numerous studies that have been published in recent years. On the other hand, the mere existence of this series bears testimony to the many and diverse activities. The growing concern with microbial communities and processes in natural ecosystems is not restricted to scientists in one region and is not limited to particular groups of organisms or to individual theoretical or applied problems. The recent and successful international symposium on microbial ecology held in New Zealand-sponsored in part by the International Commission on Microbial Ecology, as is the Advances-and the general microbiology and ecology conferences and congresses have included reports from investigators from all corners of the globe and have explored both new and traditional areas, agricultural and public health problems, individual species and complex communities, and heterotrophs and autotrophs as well as ecosystem models relying on mathematical concepts and environmental processes needing sophisticated chemistry for their definition. The reviews in the present volume thus can offer only a minute sampling of the multitude of topics being actively explored at the present time. Two of the reviews focus attention on biogeochemical cycles regulated by microorganisms, in particular the way these organisms contribute to or control the levels and identities of chemical substances in the atmosphere. The chapter by Y. Dommergues, L. W. Belser, and E. L. 316 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -It has been shown both experimentally {2} and theoretically {2,3} that surface skimming SH waves propagating along symmetry axes of the texture have velocities that differ in proportion to the magnitude of any stress that lies along one of the symmetry axes. Specifically, the stress is directly proportional to the relative velocity difference through the equation -,--V ik=---V. -=ki) ( I) cr. = 2G (-V ~ ik where cr. is the stress in the direction i, G is the shear modulus and Vik is the ~elocity of an SH wave propagating in the i direction and polarized in the k direction. This rather simple relationship is particularly useful because the constant of proportionality involves only the well known shear modulus and the velocity term can be measured directly by observing the transit time shift when a transmitter-receiver pair of SH wave transducers are rotated through 90 degrees on the surface of the part. Experimentally, Equation (I) was tested on the web of railroad rails which had been loaded by a 200,000 pound mechanical testing machine {I}. The method of exciting and detecting the necessary surface skimming SH waves used electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs) that operated through a magnetostrictive mechanism at high magnetic fields {4}. Wave velocities parallel and perpendicular to the axis of the rail on the web differed by the amount predicted by Equation (I) to an absolute accuracy of 30 percent in the worst case. 984 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Space missions subject human beings or any other target of a spacecraft to a radiation environment of an intensity and composition not available on earth. Whereas for missions in low earth orbit (LEO), such as those using the Space Shuttle or Space Station scenario, radiation exposure guidelines have been developed and have been adopted by spacefaring agencies, for exploratory class missions that will take the space travellers outside the protective confines of the geomagnetic field sufficient guidelines for radiation protection are still outstanding. For a piloted Mars mission, the whole concept of radiation protection needs to be reconsidered. Since there is an increasing interest ci many nations and space agencies in establishing a lunar base and lor exploring Mars by manned missions, it is both, timely and important to develop appropriate risk estimates and radiation protection guidelines which will have an influence on the design and structure of space vehicles and habitation areas of the extraterrestrial settlements. This book is the result of a multidisciplinary effort to assess the state of art in our knowledge on the radiation situation during deep space missions and on the impact of this complex radiation environment on the space traveller. ]t comprises the lectures by the faculty members as well as short contributions by the students given at the NATO Advanced Study Institute 'Biological Effects and Physics of Solar and Galactic Cosmic Radiation' held in Armacao de Pera, Portugal, 12-23 October, 1991. 352 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Six years ago 'adult T cell leukemia (ATL)' was proposed as a new disease entity of T cell malignancy by K. Takatsuki's research group at the Department of Internal Medicine, Kyoto university (the 17th Annual Meeting of Japan Society of Clinical Immunology, 1976). Thereafter, increased attention has been paid to this disease in Japan because of its characteristic neoplastic cell morphology, clinical and pathologic features and the endemic distribution of patients' birthplace in southwestern Japan. At almost the same time, M. Shimoyarna and Dr. K. Minato at the National Cancer Center confirmed that a majority of T cell malignancies in adult Japanese correspond to ATL (1976). Dr. M. Sasaki at the Osaka Red Cross Hospital presented the first autopsy case of A TL at the 65th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Pathological Society (1976). Later, at the Symposium entitled 'Pathology of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma' of the Japanese Pathological Society (1978), M. Hanaoka of the Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Dr. M. Sakaki and others demonstrated that the pleomorphism of neoplastic cells characterized cytologic and histologic features of A TL based on their observation of 32 cases of ATL. Also at this symposium, histologic studies on A TL by Dr. T. Suchi of the Aichi Cancer Center and the Japanese Lymphoma Study Group resulted in a new category in the classification of non-Hodgkin lymphoma designated 'diffuse lymphoma pleomorphic type. 252 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -We are most gratified by the response to the initiation of this series of volumes presenting recent developments and new concepts in microbial ecology. Favorable reactions have been expressed in both oral and written communication, and Ad vances in Microbial Ecology thus seems to be providing a worthwhile outlet in a rapidly growing field of microbiology and environmental sciences. The growing importance of microbial ecology is evident in many ways. Uni versity personnel are expanding their programs and increasing the number of research topics and publications. Substantial numbers of industrial scientists have likewise entered this field as they consider the microbial transformation of chemicals in waters and soils and the effects of synthetic compounds on natural microbial communities. Agricultural, medical, dental, and veterinary practitioners and scientists have also been increasing their activity in microbial ecology because of the importance of the discipline to their own professions. In addition, govern mental agencies have expanded regulatory and research activities concerned with microbial ecology owing to the importance of information and regulations fo cused on the interactions between microorganisms in nature and particular en vironmental stresses. 240 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -During the past two decades professional interest in Terminal Care has increased dramatically. It is always difficult to trace the origins of a change of emphasis in medical and nursing care but it is likely that three influences have contributed to bring this about. Firstly, the rise of the modern hospice movement with its recognition that dying and mourning are normal life events and that the lay person has a role in these events no less important than the health professional; secondly, the development of sophisticated and successful techniques of palliative care and pain control; and lastly, the increasing expectations of the populace in advanced countries for a comprehensive and sensitive service for patients, family and care givers at the terminal phase of illness. It is significant that these developments in the care and management of the terminally ill are not confined either to one country or the sole prerogative of a single discipline. This is reflected in the papers collected in this volume which were originally presented at the International Conference on Multidisciplinary Aspects of Terminal Care organised by The Prince and Princess of Wales Hospice in Glasgow, Scotland, U.K. The cross-fertilisation of ideas, experiences, and assessments provided by the contributors in a multicultural and multidisciplinary context pre sented in this volume will be found stimulating and inspirational for both the professional and the lay person in the care of the dying. 232 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -1 Vitamin-Responsive Inherited Metabolic Disorders.- Vitamin Deficiency: Historical Perspective.- Vitamin Responsiveness or Dependency.- Genetic Control of Vitamin Metabolism.- Biochemical Role of Vitamins.- Effect of Mutation on Vitamin Function: Theoretical Possibilities.- Defects of Vitamin Transport and Coenzyme Synthesis.- Cobalamin (Vitamin B12).- Folic Acid.- Calciferol (Vitamin D).- Defects of Coenzyme-Dependent Apoenzymes.- Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6).- Biotin.- Thiamine (Vitamin B1).- Genetic Heterogeneity.- Clinical Panorama.- Mendelian Inheritance.- Prenatal Detection and Treatment.- Problems and Perspectives.- 2 Inherited Deficiency of Hypoxanthine-Guanine Phosphoribosyltransferase in X-Linked Uric Aciduria (the Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome and Its Variants).- Clinical Presentation.- Frequency.- Complete Syndrome.- Clinical Variants of the Syndrome.- Pathology.- Biochemical Characteristics.- Primary Enzyme Defect.- Secondary Enzyme Disturbances.- Properties of the Normal Enzyme.- Properties of the Mutant Enzyme.- Mechanism of Excessive Rate of Purine Synthesis.- Mechanism of Neurological Dysfunction.- Genetic Significance.- Genetic Heterogeneity.- X-Linked Inheritance.- Chemical Selection.- Somatic Cell Genetics.- Preventive Control through Prenatal Diagnosis.- Characteristics of the Heterozygous State.- Pharmacological Consequences of HPRT Deficiency.- Diagnosis of X-Linked Uric Aciduria.- Clinical Signs.- Laboratory Tests.- Heterozygote Detection.- Treatment.- General Measures.- Medications.- 3 Hereditary Hemolytic Anemia Due to Enzyme Defects of Glycolysis.- Glucose Utilization by the Red Cell.- Overall Regulation of Glycolysis.- Mass Action Ratio.- Effect of Cell Age on Metabolism.- Molecular Genetic Mechanisms of Enzyme Deficiency.- Expression of Enzyme Defects in the Red Cell and Other Tissues.- Hexokinase Deficiency.- Clinical Spectrum.- Biochemical Considerations.- Genetic Considerations.- Glucosephosphate Isomerase Deficiency.- Clinical Spectrum.- Biochemical Considerations.- Genetic Considerations.- Phosphofructokinase Deficiency.- Clinical Spectrum.- Biochemical Considerations.- Genetic Considerations.- Phosphoglycerate Kinase Deficiency.- Clinical Spectrum.- Biochemical Considerations.- Genetic Considerations.- Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency.- Clinical Spectrum.- Biochemical Considerations.- Genetic Considerations.- Other Defects of Glycolytic Enzymes in the Red Cells.- Triosephosphate Isomerase Deficiency.- Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency.- 2,3-Diphosphoglycerate Mutase Deficiency.- Lactate Dehydrogenase Deficiency.- 4 Population Structure of the ¿and Islands, Finland.- ¿and.- Location and Description.- History.- Population Composition.- Migration Analyses.- Kinship and Population Structure.- The Migration Matrix Model.- Matrimonial Migration in ¿and.- Parish Endogamy.- Prediction of Kinship from Matrimonial Migration Data.- Approach to Equilibrium.- Kinship Matrices.- Geographical Factors Affecting Migration Patterns.- Isolation by Distance.- Summary.- Topology of Population Structure.- 1750¿1799.- 1800¿1849.- 1850¿1899.- 1900¿1909.- 1910¿1919.- 1920¿1929.- 1930¿1939.- 1940¿1949.- 1900¿1949.- The Inclusion of Mariehamn.- Correlation between Coordinates.- Summary of Topology.- Discussion of Migration Analyses.- Biological Studies.- Genetic Analyses.- Geography and Genetic Structure.- Comparison of Genetic and Migration Inference.- Twinning in and around ¿and.- Ophthalmological Studies.- The ¿and Bleeder Syndrome (von Willebrand-J¿rgens).- 5 Population Genetics and Health Care Delivery: The Quebec Experience.- A Short History of French Canada.- A Consanguinity Study.- Objectives.- Demographic Aspect.- Sources and Material.- Results.- Discussion: Consanguinity and the Mean Coefficient Fw.- Conclusions and Decisions.- An Isolate Study.- Objectives.- Methods.- Results.- Conclusions and Decisions.- An Inbreeding Study.- Objectives.- Material.- Results.- Discussion.- Conclusions and Decisions.- A Regional Genetic Disease.- Objectives.- The Disease.- The Isolate.- The Pedigree.- The Ancestors.- The Genetics.- Prevalence at Birth and Regional Distribution.- Conclusions and Decisions.- A Genetic Care Delivery System.- History.- Services Offered by the Network.- Research and Development in the Network.- Cost of Network.- Results of Screening.- Communications.- Conclusions and Decisions.- Summary. 404 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The time seems ripe for a critical compendium of that segment of the biological universe we call viruses. Virology, as a science, having passed only recently through its descriptive phase of naming and numbering, has probably reached that stage at which relatively few new-truly new-viruses will be discovered. Triggered by the intellectual probes and techniques of molecular biology, genetics, bio chemical cytology, and high resolution microscopy and spectroscopy, the field has experienced a genuine information explosion. Few serious attempts have been made to chronicle these events. This comprehensive series, which will comprise some 6000 pages in a total of 19 volumes, represents a commitment by a large group of active investigators to analyze, digest, and expostulate on the great mass of data relating to viruses, much of which is now amorphous and disjointed, and scattered throughout a wide literature. In this way, we hope to place the entire field in perspective, and to develop an invaluable reference and sourcebook for researchers and students at all levels. This series is designed as a continuum that can be entered any where, but which also provides a logical progression of developing facts and integrated concepts. 560 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Recent developments in various areas of chemistry have been decisively influenced by the principles of structure and mechanism and by the ideas of coordination chemistry, in particular by the donor-acceptor approach, A unified view of almost all kinds of molecular forces is provided by quantum mechanics, and for practical purposes have been classified according to model assumptions, namely, dispersion, polarization, electrostatic, and short-range forces. The latter are divided into two- and three-center covalent chemical bonds, metallic bonds, and exchange-repulsion forces. This approach allows statements of principle and systematic analysis. However, quantitative predictions on concrete large systems are virtually impossible, and there are no general rules that account for structural and chemical changes due to intermolecular interactions. Chemists are therefore left with qualitative descriptions in which the changes in electron densities are considered. Such models as the MO theory or the resonance concept unrealistically assume that the nuclei remain in fixed positions. Further difficulties are encountered in the attempted description on the 'nature' of the chemical bond, e.g., the forces involved. In order to avoid these difficulties an extension of the donor-acceptor concept, characterized by the comparison between equilibrium structures in different molecular environments, will be presented in this book. In this way, changes in the positions of the nuclei can be taken into account and the question of the nature of the molecular forces is no longer important. 296 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Digital image processing, originally established to analyze and improve lunar images, is rapidly growing into a wealth of new appli cations, due to the enormous technical progress made in computer engineering. At present, the most important fields of growth appear to emerge in the areas of medical image processing (i. e. tomography, thermography), earth resource inventory (i. e. land usage, minerals), office automation (i. e. document storage, retrieval and reproduction) and industrial production (i. e. computer vision for mechanical ro bots). Currently, emphasis is being shifted from signal-processing re search and design-innovation activities towards cost-efficient system implementations for interactive digital image processing. For the years ahead, trends in computer engineering indicate still further advances in Large Scale Integration (LSI) and Input/Output (I/O) technologies allowing the implementation of powerful parallel and/or distributed processor architectures for real-time processing of high resolution achromatic and color images. In view of the many new developments in the field of digital image processing and recognizing the importance of discussing these developments amongst key scientists that might make use of them, ffiM Germany sponsored an international symposium on 'Advances in Digital Image Processing', held at Bad Neuenahr, Federal Republic of Germany, September 26 - 28, 1978. The interest shown in this symposium encouraged the publi cation of the papers presented in this volume of the ffiM Research Symposium Series. 360 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The study of neurotransmitters in the human brain has expanded spectacularly in recent years with the application of techniques from immunology and molecular biology. These techniques are now being used successfully to help decipher the chemical architecture of the human nervous system. The results of these studies are of great importance for the understanding and treatment of neurological and psychiatric disorders such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases, as well as depression and schizophrenia. Professor Istvan Tork was a pioneer in the chemical anatomy of the brain and carried out important studies on the neuroanatomy and distribution of neuropeptides and monoarnines in the brain; some of his best known work dealt with the dual innervation of the cortex by neurons containing serotonin. Istvan Tork died on November 21, 1992, after a long struggle with a temporal lobe glioma, leaving a profound legacy of friendship and scholarly work 1. It was decided by the editors of this volume to commemorate his work and the mentors hip he gave to his many students by convening a symposium on neurotransmitters in the human brain. The symposium was held at the University of New South Wales on February 5, 1994, and was attended by over one hundred participants, including many of Professor Tork's colleagues and students. The papers from this symposium are presented in this volume to stand as a tribute to the breadth and quality of his work and to the energy and achievement of his students. 256 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume presents the proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Acoustical Holography, which was held at the Newporter Inn, Newport Beach, on 29-31 July 1970. The symposium was sponsored by the Douglas Advanced Research Laboratories, McDonnell Douglas Corporation, and the Acoustical Society of America. Twenty papers were presented and these each appear as a chapter in this volume. The chapters are grouped into five sections. The sections are I Medical and Biolog ical, II Bragg Imaging, III Nondestructive Testing, IV Underwater and Long Wavelength, and V Theory and Methods. The reader is cautioned only to use the sec tional titles as a rough guide. For instance, the reader interested in new methods should not just read section V since he will find a new liquid surface relief method de scribed in chapter lOin section III. In an effort to reduce the time delay between the meeting and the publication date, the publishers have pro duced this volume using the shoot-from-manuscript method instead of the mote time consuming typesetting method that was used on the previous volumes. As a result there may be differences in notation and definitions used for one chapter to another. However this should not cause con fusion since all symbols and definitions are stated in each chapter. The editor wishes to thank the session chairmen, Dr. Vincent Salmon, Stanford Research Institute; Dr. Isadore Rudnick, University of California at Los Angeles; Dr. Lewis Larmore, McDonnell Douglas Corporation; Dr. 420 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The development of contemporary molecular biology with its growing tendency toward in-depth study of the mechanisms of biological processes, structure, function, and identification of biopolymers requires application of accurate physicochemical methods. Electrophoresis occupies a key position among such methods. A wide range of phenomena fall un der the designation of electrophoresis in the literature at the present time. One common characteristic of all such phenomena is transport by an elec tric field of a substance whose particles take on a net charge as a result of interaction with the solution. The most important mechanisms for charge generation are dissociation of the substance into ions in solution and for mation of electrical double layers with uncompensated charges on particles of dispersed medium in the liquid. As applied to the problem of separation, purification, and analysis of cells, cell organelles, and biopolymers, there is a broad classification of electrophoretic methods primarily according to the methodological charac teristics of the process, the types of supporting media, etc. An extensive literature describes the use of these methods for the investigation of differ ent systems. A number of papers are theoretical in nature. Thus, the mi croscopic theory has been developed rather completely [13] by considering electrophoresis within the framework of electrokinetic phenomena based on the concept of the electrical double layer. 260 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The II. International Conference on Ion Beam Surface Layer Analysis was held on September 15-19, 1975 at the Nuclear Research Center, Karlsruhe, Germany. The date fell between two related con ferences: 'Application of Ion-Beams to Materials' at Warwick, Eng land and 'Atomic Collisions in Solids' at Amsterdam, the Nether lands. The first conference on Ion Beam Surface Layer Analysis was held at Yorktown Heights, New York, 1973. The major topic of that and the present conference was the material analysis with ion beams including backscattering and channeling, nuclear reactions and ion induced X-rays with emphasis on technical problems and no vel applications. The increasing interest in this field was docu mented by 7 invited papers and 85 contributions which were presen ted at the meeting in Karlsruhe to about 150 participants from 21 countries. The oral presentations were followed by parallel ses sions on 'Fundamental Aspects', 'Analytical Problems' and 'Appli cations' encouraging detailed discussions on the topics of most current interest. Summaries of these sessions were presented by the discussion leaders to the whole conference. All invited and contributed papers are included in these proceedings; summaries of the discussion sessions will appear in a separate booklet and are availble from the editors. The application of ion beams to material analysis is now well established. 512 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The idea for the present volume grew from discussions that the four of us had among ourselves and with our colleagues at recent scientific meetings. All of us were impressed by the wealth of empirical data that was being generated by investigators interested in brain damage and recovery from both behavioral and biological orientations. Nevertheless, we were concerned about the relative paucity of attempts to evaluate the data provided by new technologies in more than a narrow context or to present new theories or reexamine time-honored ideas in the light of new findings. We recognized that science is guided by new technologies, by hard data, and by theories and ideas. Yet we were forced to conclude that, although investi gators were often anxious to publicize new methods and empirical fmdings, the same could not be said about broad hypotheses, underlying concepts, or in ferences and speculations that extended beyond the empirical data. Not only were many scientists not formally discussing the broad implications of their data, but, when stimulating ideas were presented, they were more likely to be heard in the halls or over a meal than in organized sessions at scientific meetings. 392 pp. Englisch.