Paperback. In the 1950s and 1960s, during the rule of Rafael Trujillo over the Dominican Republic, the armed forces of the Dominican Republic experienced a major military build-up. Especially the Dominican Air Force (FAD) grew in strength. The pattern was followed by short-lived governments of Rafael's brother Hector, then Joaquin Balaguer, and Rafael Bonnelly. On 27 February 1963, Juan Emilio Bosch Gavino, the first democratically elected president of the Dominican Republic, was sworn into office. He attempted to implement a number of social reforms, but promptly caused anger of the business magnates and top brass of the armed forces, who began spreading rumours that Bosch is a 'communist'. On 25 September 1963, the President was toppled in a coup by a group of 25 military officers led by General Elias Wessin y Wessin, who installed Donald Reid Cabral as the new president. Rather unsurprisingly, Reid failed to attract popular support and several factions became involved in a power-struggle. The so-called Lealistas (Loyalistas), headed by Generals Pedro Benoit and Antonio Imbert, were aiming to uphold a military dictatorship. The Constitutionalistas (Constitutionalists), headed by General Francisco Caamano, and allied with the Dominical Revolutionary Party, were supporting Bosch. On 24 April 1965, three junior o icers demanded a meeting with President Reid. When he refused, and sent Chief of Staff Riviera Cuesta instead, the latter was arrested. A group of military constitutionalists then seized the Radio Santo Domingo and issued calls of sedition, while other off icers began distributing arms to their civilian sympathisers. The radio calls prompted several units to defect and abandon their position. Appointing General Wessin y Wessin the new Chief of Staff, Reid attempted to rally remaining armed forces around himself and suppress the rebellion. However, at Constitutionalistas then stormed the presidential palace in Santo Domingo and arrested him. The Lealistas reacted with air strikes on numerous Constitutionalista positions, and deploying a warship to bombard the National Palace. Fearing that the mob gathering outside the palace might lynch Reid, and knowing Bosch was already lost the support of the Loyalists, the rebel commander Francisco Caamano who meanwhile had over 6,500 under arms released the president. At that point in time, the United States of America became involved. Initially, the US diplomats planned an evacuation of about 3,500 US citizens, and early on 27 April, over 1,100 of expatriates were airlifted out of the country. However, when Lealista troops marched on the capital, while rebels secured additional positions, executed a number of police officers, and a soldier of the US Marine Corps was killed by a rebel sniper, the US Ambassador declared the insurgents 'Communists' and demanded the US President Lyndon B Johnson to act immediately. Contrary to recommendations from his advisors, Johnson ordered a transformation of evacuation into an all-out military intervention: Operation Power Pack. The first overt US military intervention in Latin America in more than 30 years was initiated early on 30 April 1965, and saw the involvement of 22,500 troops, two aircraft carriers and over 200 aircraft and helicopters. Following weeks of often chaotic fighting, and two failed cease-fires, a truce was secured through mediation by the Organisation of American States (OAS). Replaced by 1,500 OAS troops, the US forces began a gradual withdrawal in late May 1965, but the civil war formally ended only on 31 August with a ceasefire agreement. Richly illustrated by authentic photography and customdrawn colour profiles, Operation Power Pack is the first military history of the civil war, and the US- and OAS-interventions in the Dominican Republic of 1965. AUTHORS: Helio Higuchi hails from Sao Paulo, Bra Shipping may be from our UK warehouse or from our Australian or US warehouses, depending on stock availability.

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Detalles bibliogr�ficos

T�tulo: Operation Power Pack Volume 1 (Paperback)
Editor: Helion & Company, Solihull
Fecha de publicaci�n: 2025
Idioma: Ingl�s
ISBN 10: 1804518700
ISBN 13: 9781804518700
Encuadernaci�n: Paperback
Estado: new

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Sinopsis

"...enjoyed the section on US PsyOps designed to win the hearts and minds of the population." - Historical Miniatures Gaming Society

In 1965 rival factions within the Dominican Republic vied for control of the nation. The so-called Loyalist faction sought to uphold rule by conservative traditionalists; the Constitutionalists, including some left-wing elements, sought to return the Dominican Republic to democratic processes. As conflict between the parties erupted into open warfare the US launched a military intervention.

The Dominican Republic had a long and troubled history and a difficult relationship with democracy. Following an occupation by the US military in the early twentieth century, Rafael Trujillo controlled the country as president, or through his sons and proxies, until his assassination in 1961. On 27 February 1963, Juan Emilio Bosch Gavi�o, the first democratically elected president of the Dominican Republic, was sworn into office, only to be toppled by a military coup in September of the same year and replaced by Donald Reid Cabral. Reid failed to attract popular support and several factions became involved in a power struggle. The so-called Lealistas (Loyalists), headed by Generals Pedro Benoit and Antonio Imbert, aimed to uphold a military dictatorship. The Constitutionalistas (Constitutionalists), headed by General Francisco Caama�o, and allied with the Dominican Revolutionary Party, supported Bosch.

In April 1965, three junior officers demanded a meeting with President Reid. When he refused, and sent Chief of Staff Riviera Cuesta instead, the latter was arrested. A group of constitutionalists from within the military then seized Radio Santo Domingo and issued calls for sedition, prompting several units to defect and abandon their position, while other officers began distributing arms to their civilian sympathisers. Appointing General Wessin y Wessin as the new Chief of Staff, Reid attempted to rally the remaining armed forces around himself and suppress the rebellion. Conflict spread, drawing in elements of the Dominican Republic's army, navy and air force, and the country teetered on the edge of a full-blown civil war.

At that point in time, the United States of America became involved. Initially planned as an evacuation of about 3,500 US citizens, early on 27 April over 1,100 expatriates were airlifted out of the country by the US military. However, as Lealista troops marched on the capital, rebels secured their positions and executed a number of police officers, and a US Marine was killed by a rebel sniper, the US Ambassador declared the insurgents to be communists and demanded that US President Lyndon B Johnson act immediately. Johnson ordered a transformation of evacuation into an all-out military intervention: Operation Power Pack.

The first overt US military intervention in Latin America in more than 30 years was initiated early on 30 April 1965, and saw the involvement of 22,500 troops, including elements of the USMC and 82nd Airborne Division, two aircraft carriers and over 200 aircraft and helicopters.

Operation Power Pack is the first military history of the civil war and the interventions in the Dominican Republic in 1965. This volume examines the wider history of the Dominican Republic and the rise from obscurity of Rafael Trujillo to leave an indelible mark upon the country, and the history, equipment and organisation of the nation's armed forces up to the eve of the civil war, the outbreak of war and the intervention by the US military. This volume is richly illustrated throughout with original photographs and included the @War series' signature custom drawn colour profiles of the vehicles and ships involved in this conflict.

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H�LIO HIGUCHI hails from S�o Paulo, Brazil, where he was born in 1953. A hotel manager, he has degrees in Architecture and Urban Design and Marketing. A researcher of Latin American military subjects, he is a regular contributor to Brazilian periodicals Asas, Flap and Tecnologia e Defesa. He is the author of A Servi�o do General�ssimo – Os Pilotos Brasileiros na Rep�blica Dominicana (In the Service of the Generalissimo – Brazilian Pilots in the Dominican Republic, 2014).

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