Impacts Of Science And Technology On Currency Internationalization

For decades, science and technology (sci-tech) have influenced world trade, world economy, and international finance. However, their specific impacts are seldom known and related empirical studies are rare. Thus, we must quantify and empirically explore how sci-tech influences such areas as mentioned above. The purpose of this book is to explore how sci-tech influences world trade, foreign exchange, and currency internationalization in various ways through first quantifying science & technology. This book empirically explores how major world currencies might change their relative international positions with continuous innovation and diffusion of sci-tech.

Currency internationalization is measured by the percentage share of the average daily turnover of a particular currency in the global foreign exchange market over the corresponding overall daily turnover of the global foreign exchange market over the corresponding overall daily turnover of the global foreign exchange market. Sci-tech as a commodity is borderless, yet its inventors and related businesses are bound by the intellectual property laws of their own countries. Patents, especially international patents, are useful representations of sci-tech. They cannot be compared directly because of different criteria of patent regulators worldwide, and thus the quality of patents varies across patent regulators. Based on patent data from annual IP 5 Statistics Reports and charges for the use of IP of major currency issuers released by the WTO, this book quantifies sci-tech internationalization using weighted patent families first, and proceeds to study how sci-tech internationalization affects currency internationalization.

Dr Peter Guangping Zhang obtained his BS and MS in Computer Science in the Chinese mainland, before being sent to study in the United States in 1987. He has served as manager, senior associate or vice-president in various financial institutions, including MMS International (Standard & Poor's Group), the Union Bank of Switzerland (New York Branch) and the Chemical Bank (head office) in New York City. After working for the Chase Manhattan Bank (Tokyo Branch) as a vice-president for about three years, he broadened his expertise to financial law at Harvard Law School. He joined Shanghai Futures Exchange in 2003 as Chief Financial Engineering Advisor and Senior Director of Research & Development Center of the Exchange. He joined the newly established Supervisory Cooperation Department for Banking Innovation of China Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC) in November 2005 as Deputy Director General and re-allocated to CBRC Shanghai Bureau as Deputy Director General in October 2007. As an experienced financial expert he published many articles and books in English and Chinese. His representative books include Exotic Options ― A Guide to 2nd Generation Options (2nd Edition 1998); Chinese Yuan (RMB) Derivative Products (English edition, 2004), Chinese Yuan Internationalization and Product Innovation First Edition in 2010 and 10th Edition in 2021. He has completed a series of research papers on the impacts of science & technology on international trade, foreign exchange trading and currency internationalization based on quantitative measures of science & technology originality capability and science & technology internationalization in the past two years.