Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysic of Morals

Immanuel Kant's influential work on moral philosophy is published here complete, in the authoritative translation by T. K. Abbott.

Within the two parts which constitute the overall work, Kant initiates a wide ranging discussion beginning with a retrospective on Ancient Greek philosophy, whose means of organising philosophic thought he broadly agreed with. He defines in turns the principles of logic, ethics and physics, noting the distinguishing characteristics of each.

After this overview Kant introduces his own innovative distinction upon the theme of morals. The Categorical Imperative, which was to become a core pillar of Kantian philosophy, is held as the supreme and overarching principle of moral thought in contrast to the general sense of ethical behaviour which defines human good conduct.

Kant goes on to explains that the assumption of 'good' in everything is not guaranteed - it requires a good will behind it to qualify it as such. While great wealth can be used for good works and deeds, it can also be put to great evil. An exceptional mind may devote itself to furthering the good in the world through conscientious application of the intellect, or choose to ignore moral constraints and thereby produce evil.

Going further, Kant discusses the relation between mental reasoning and morality; how free will uses reason to arrive at moral decisions.

Kant is distinguished as one of the Enlightenment's leading thinkers, and it was the publishing of the Metaphysic of Morals (also known as the Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals) which propelled the philosopher to wide recognition in Europe. In modern times, it is often a primary text on philosophy course modules.