Female Bladder Outlet Obstruction and Urethral Reconstruction

Urinary symptoms in women have a very high prevalence rate. While the storage function of the bladder is similar in both genders, voiding function has marked differences with obvious anatomic and physiological genitourinary distinctions. Despite all advances in contemporary diagnostics and imaging, female bladder outlet obstruction and urethral stricture disease remain a conundrum to be deciphered in clinical practice. It is also seen that the female voiding symptoms and bladder outlet obstruction are poorly understood entities; which is also evident from the fact that Urethral dilatation in women is still a widely practiced procedure. This book provides a comprehensive understanding of female voiding disorders leading to bladder outlet obstruction and helps identify the women who will actually need reconstructive surgeries. The book begins with what is normal female voiding and then goes on to describe the various definitions of female bladder outlet obstruction along with controversies in Urodynamic diagnosis . As the functional causes are more common than actual strictures, this book elucidates on the knowledge of each of these differentials with their basic understanding and treatment outline, further throwing knowledge on the anatomical causes like pelvic organ prolapse and female urethral stricture. A separate  section is dedicated to female urethral surgical anatomy and urethral reconstruction for  urethral stricture as well as pelvic fracture urethral injury in females.

Dr. Nikhil Khattar works as Associate Director of Female and Reconstructive Urology at Medanta, The Medicity Gurgaon India and has dedicated himself to these areas of Urology. He formerly worked as Professor of Urology at Dr. RML Hospital New Delhi where he took on many research projects and thesis concerning his area of interest. He has more than 25 publications to his name in peer-reviewed journals and has delivered numerous invited lectures in National and International conferences. He is also a core member of the Urological Society of India’s panels for national guidelines on urinary Incontinence and Urethral Stricture and a member of Female and Functional urology Subsection of Urological Society of India.

Dr. Rishi Nayyar (MS, MCh, FMAS, MAMS, FIMSA) is serving as Associate Professor in Department of Urology at All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi which is an apex institute of national eminence. Being committed to academics, teaching and research he has been instrumental in training more than 25 residents in urology and 10 research projects. He has a keen interest in reconstructive and minimally invasive urology. He has published nearly 60 papers in various national and international peer-reviewed journals and has won several national and international awards. He is also an active reviewer for 18 indexed international and national journals of repute, besides serving as an editorial committee member for the Indian Journal of Urology.

Dr. Arbind Panda is currently Senior Consultant Urologist, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad. He was formerly the Professor of Urology at the Christian Medical College hospital, Vellore, India. He completed his Urological training in 2009 and has been focusing mainly on Reconstructive urology and endourology. He has been an associate editor of the Indian Journal of Urology for the past 7 years. He is particularly interested in reconstructive surgery of the urethra, both maleand female; particularly in difficult posterior urethroplasty apart from vesicovaginal and rectourethral fistulas. He was awarded the 2014 AUA/IAUA Chakrobortty fellowship by the American Urological Association and 2013 the Klinikum Luneburg German Fellowship 2013. He has been a member of the Reconstructive and trauma section of the Society International Urologie since 2015 and is a core group member of the Urological Society of India guideline panel on urethral strictures and a member of Female and Functional urology Subsection of Urological Society of India.