Climate Changes Impacts on Aquatic Environment: Assessment, Adaptation, Mitigation, and Road Map for Sustainable Development

This book provides a detailed and a clear picture about the impact of climate changes on all aspects of our lives. The book will shed some lights on the challenges and obstacles that agricultural development in different countries are going through regarding the dimensions of food security due to climate change. The vulnerability of agricultural system will be discussed and the methods to adapt to some impacts of climate change will be projected. Some authors will focus on how Global Climate change may directly or indirectly affect the water cycle and, consequently, the quantity and quality of water resources needed to meet human and environmental demands. It can lead to recurrent floods and droughts, rising sea water levels with serious effect on coastal aquifers, and extreme water temperatures that can exacerbate many forms of water pollution. Water supply reliability, health, agriculture, energy, biodiversity and aquatic ecosystems will all suffer the impact of such challenges.The demand for water to meet these needs is also affected by climate change. Evidently, adopting a holistic water-energy-food nexus approach, while promoting the use of non-conventional water resources, can better support a transition to sustainability, a fact that should appeal to national interest and encourage governments, the private sector and civil society to engage. The results of the Climate changes conference; COP 27 that held in Sharm El-Sheikh in 2022, will be discussed in some chapters to illustrate the several efforts that have been taken by some countries to adapt to climate changes, including continuous breeding program to produce crops adapted to higher temperature, salinity, shorter in life cycle, and better in post-harvest and shelf life. The efforts to improve on farm water management and reduce water consumption in agriculture to increase water productivity will be discussed. Saving water from agriculture will be associated with saving fertilizers to control GHG emissions and could allow allocating water for land reclamation. Some Chapters aim at highlighting the impact of climate change on water resources depending on a clear understanding of how climate, fresh water, and biophysical and socio-economic systems are interconnected at the global and regional scales, meanwhile presenting state-of-the-art technologies and innovative/holistic solutions for adaptation and mitigation measures, and increasing the resilience of vulnerable communities to climate change, with the ultimate goal of achieving sustainable development towards "the future we want" while "leaving no one behind.

Prof. Magdy Khalil is a prof. of Aquatic Environment, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams Univ., Cairo, Egypt. Previous positions include Director of Center of Research of Protectorates, Ain Shams University, Head of Zoology Dept., Faculty of Science, Ain Shams Univ. Head of the Promotions Committee of Zoology and Entomology. He published 105 papers in international and local journals. He supervised more than 43 theses for M. Sc. and Ph. D. Prof. Khalil, contributed in producing 10 reference books for the National Biodiversity Unit of EEAA and Academy of Science and Technology, including, 1.Roadmap for Sustainable Environmental Management of the Northern Egyptian Lakes; Case study: Burullus wetland, Academy of Scientific Research & Technology (2016), 2.A Referential Study on Environmental Impact Assessment of the New Suez Canal on Biodiversity of the Mediterranean Sea, Academy of Scientific Research & Technology (2016), 3.Freshwater Crayfish in Egypt, Ain Shams University(2009), 4.Ecotourism in Egypt , EEAA (2008), 5.Lake Bardawil and Zaranik Protected Area, EEAA (2006), 6.Lake Burullus Protected Area, EEAA (2005), 7.Lake Nasser , EEAA (2001)., 8.Freshwater Mollusca of Egypt , EEAA (1998), 9.Freshwater Fish of Egypt , EEAA (1997), 10.Biological Diversity of Egypt , EEAA (1996). Prof. Khalil got several awards & certificates including certificate of Appreciation of Ain Shams, University, 2020, awarded MEDAL and Certificate of Appreciation from Ain Shams University in 2016, awarded MEDAL from Union of Non-Gov. Env. Societies, 2006, awarded Certificate of Merit as Environmental Patron from the Arab Towns Organization, Doha, Qatar in 2001, awarded MEDAL and Certificate of Appreciation from Faculty of Science , Ain Shams University in 2000, and awarded the State-Encouragement Prize in Biology (Environmental STUDIES) from Academy of Science and Technology in 1998

Associate Professor Wiame Emam is an environmental geospatialscientist at the Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University in Cairo, Egypt. She is also an environmental expert and the director of the Center for Consultations and Scientific Studies of Natural Reserves (CCSSNR) at Ain Shams University since 2020. She is also the executive assistant of the "African Journal of Biological Sciences” since 2019 as well as the founder of the Forum for Arab Scientists in 2012. Dr. Emam has over 17 years of research experience focusing on global environmental issues. All her academic research articles were published in highly indexed journals. Her quest to discover new dimensions in the integration of geoinformatics and environmental science to promote sustainability has inspired many researchers. In 2018, she competed in "The Quarry Life Award" ―a scientific and educational contest sponsored by Heidelberg Cement to increase biodiversity― and was awarded the third prize in the scientific research stream by the National jury in Egypt. She accomplished more than 50 approved EIA studies. In 2021, she participated successfully in preparing ESIA study and taking the necessary environmental approvals to implement one of the largest national energy projects in Egypt that entered Genius World Records