Advancement in Library and Information Science

Changes in the social and economic life required new approaches to the development and advancement of the library and information science. In libraries, the leaders-innovators turned out to be specialists who have ten to twenty years of practical experience. This, undoubtedly, became a deterrent, which protected the library from an unreasonable running forward without looking back. The book presents information on the conceptual model of the modern library, which is one of the oldest cultural institutions.

At the start of the book in the first chapter of the book introduces function of library; it presents that over the long period of human history, its social functions have undergone significant changes. The purpose of the ancient libraries was the storage of documents. Since its inception until today, the library has passed the first stage of the evolution of the public mission: from serving the needs of the ruling elite to meeting public needs. The library has become a social institution, which includes information and cultural components and ensures the stability of ties and relations within the society. Second chapter of the book is transformation of the library as a social institution: The term institute (or social institution) is one of the fundamental when considering the social structure of society. The social institute is a stable form of organization of joint activities of people, characteristic for a certain historical epoch, the country, the community. Institutes organize a variety of human activities in order to meet human needs.

Third chapter of the book is focused on analysis of existing models of modern libraries: The countries of the world have different opportunities and are at different stages on the way to the knowledge society. They are developing their own strategies for building this society. Each of them developed its understanding of the role of the modern library, and various library models operate. However, they are all similar in the use of approaches to understanding the public role of modern libraries proposed at the international level. The fourth chapter is focused on conceptual model of the library and it defines that under the model in the broad sense of science is understood as an analog deputy of the original (the fragment of reality), which under certain conditions produces interesting properties of the original researcher. The model can be seen as a special form of coding information, including - a previously unknown. In other words, the model contains a potential knowledge that the person exploring it can get to make a clear and use in social practice. Chapter five, discusses modern library model as social and cultural institutions: Modern library model as social and cultural institutions, responding to social needs that arise in the context of building a knowledge society, is intended to include the library in the main socio-cultural processes. Under the socio-cultural process is defined as any kind of movement, modification, transformation, or alternation of evolution... any change of the object under research for some time, whether it is changing its place in space or modification of its quantitative and qualitative characteristics.

Chapter six, analyzes the implementation of the conceptual model in the regional library: The world of libraries is enormous and it is estimated that in the territory of the present Member States of the European Union has 90 000 librar¬ies, and all, according to UNESCO, there are more than half a million-library service points in the world. All of them are united in the realization of the social mission of the library as a social institution, all libraries are inherent in one way or another essential function; however, all of them different importance of these functions, and the completeness of their contents. Seventh chapter presents information on latest trends of libraries to the information society specific features of the information society telling that the formation of the information market is a system of economic, legal and organizational relations between people in the trade of information technology, information products and services. Secondly, the emergence of a new kind of communication culture - electronic communication, based on radio electronic means of communication. The foundation of electronic communication, information superhighway of the market and society as a whole serves as the Worldwide Internet system. Chapter eight is open educational resources (OER) as a new trend. This chapter discusses the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) and the provision of free access to information are the basic prerequisites for the formation of a knowledge-based society. To date, the global Internet is the most popular source of knowledge that opens up Access to a variety of sources of information presented in various formats. The number of web pages has reached tens of billions, and it becomes more difficult for students and teachers to choose the sources of educational and scientific information they need from among the increasing diversity of information resources.

Chapter nine is focused on latest trend and libraries science, i.e. altmetrics, CiteULike, Mendeley, Zotero, Critical information Literacy (CIL) and Amazon RDS database instances. Last chapter is how user centered libraries work, what is a user-oriented design, basics of the user interface, stages of design and types of interfaces, subtypes of user interfaces, i.e. modern status of object-oriented systems.

Dr Anand Murugan has completed Master degree and PHD in Library and Information Science at Bharathidasan University, Tirchirapalli,Tamilnadu. After completion of the courses, he started his carrier at IIM Bangalore as a Library Trainee. He has served Navarasam College of Arts and science, Erode, VLB Janakiammal college of Arts and science and Srikrishna college of Engineering Technology, Coimbatore as a Librarian. At Present he is working as a Deputy Librarian at Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi. He has attended many National and International conference and published more than 20 research papers. He attended 75th IFLA International conference atItaly and visited many countries National and International organization Libraries like France, Switzerland, Greece, UNESCO, ILO, WTO Libraries. He has attended QQML 2012 International conference and visited UK, Ireland and Cambridge University, Oxford University Libraries and British Museum. His main area of research is Library website and Library building and Marketing of Library service.