Advanced Solar Distillation Systems

This book is primarily intended to serve as a textbook and reference work for graduate and professional training coursework on solar desalination of water. The book begins with an introduction to the increasing demand for potable water, various types of water pollution and its impacts on human health, and goes on to cover basics of desalination technologies. It covers all aspects of solar-energy based distillation and desalination for producing potable water resources, including radiation and heat transfer concepts, a history of solar distillation systems, and background on solar collectors. The contents include thermal modeling and parametric study of solar distillation. Energy and exergy aspects are analyzed in detail, including energy matrices of solar distillation. A special chapter on exeroeconomics introduces fundamental equations which include the general balance equation, thermodynamic balance equations, and economic balance equations. A chapter on Economic Analysis of Solar Distillation completes the coverage. The book includes solved examples and end-of-chapter exercises in the form of both problems and objective-type questions. The contents of this book are useful to students, researchers, professionals, and policymakers looking for a comprehensive resource on solar desalination.

Prof. Dr. G.N. Tiwari born in Ballia (UP), India, received his higher education from Banaras Hindu University (BHU). Since 1977, he has been actively involved in the teaching and research programmes at the Centre of Energy Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (IIT Delhi), Delhi, India. His research interest is in renewable energy sources including solar energy. He has guided 80 doctoral students and published 600 research papers in international journals of repute. He has authored 22 books published by national and international publishers. He was the co-recipient of the Hariom Ashram Prerit S. S. Bhatnagar Award in 1982 and the Vigyan Ratna Award by the Council of Science & Technology (CST), UP in year 2007. He was also a visiting European Fellow in 1997 and has been to the University of Ulster (U.K.) in 1993. In addition, he was nominated for the International IDEA Award in the past. He is responsible for the development of the Solar Energy Park at IIT Delhi. Dr. Tiwari had visited many countries, namely, Italy, Canada, USA, UK, Australia, Sweden, Germany, Greece, France, etc., for invited talks, to chair international conferences, to serve as an expert in renewable energy, to present research papers, etc. He successfully co-coordinated many research projects funded by the Government of India in the recent past. He is the Associate Editor of Solar Energy Journal (SEJ) in the area of solar distillation and editor of the International Journal of Energy Research since 2007. He is also the Chief-Editor of Fundamental of Renewable Energy Applications and a reviewer for many international journals. He has organized two international conference―SOLARIS 2007 and SOLARIS 2012―at IIT Delhi, Delhi, and Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi. He is also the Founder President of the Bag Energy Research Society (www.bers.in), which is responsible for energy education in rural India.

Mr. Lovedeep Sahota was born on November 11, 1988, at Jhinger Kalan, Dasuya,Hoshiarpur (Punjab), India. He received his Bachelor of Science degree, Physics Honors School (B.Sc. Hons.) from Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar (Punjab), India, in 2008; and Master of Science (M.Sc.) degree in Physics from the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (IIT Delhi), Delhi, India, in 2010. During his M.Sc. program, he worked on power coupling of waveguide devices and solved coupled-mode equations by programming in MATLAB to analyze the exchange of power in the planner and tapered directional couplers. His M.Sc. dissertation was titled “Numerical Modeling and Analysis of Waveguide Devices” in fibre optics. He qualified for the State-Level University Entrance Examination in 2005, Joint Admission Test for M.Sc. (IIT JAM) examination in 2008, Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE) in 2012, and University Grant Commission-National Eligibility Test (UGC-NET) for Lectureship in June 2014. He worked as an Assistant Professor at the Shivdan Singh Institute of Technology and Management (SSITM), Aligarh, from July 2010 to July 2012 and taught Basic Engineering Physics, Laser, and Electromagnetic Theory at the graduate level. Presently, he is pursuing his doctorate under the supervision of Prof. G.N. Tiwari at the Centre for Energy Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (IIT Delhi), Delhi, India. He has published eight papers in different reputed journals. He also participated in the international conference (Energy Systems 2016) organized by Elsevier in London (UK). His areas of research interest are solar distillation (modeling and experimental), solar thermal collectors, photovoltaics, heat and mass, transfer, exergy, CO2 mitigation, and exergoeconomic analyses.