NP (Complexity): Computational Complexity Theory, Complexity Class, Polynomial, Turing Machine, Decision Problem, Algorithm, P versus NP Problem, Subset Sum Problem - Tapa blanda

Sinopsis

Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. In computational complexity theory, NP is one of the most fundamental complexity classes. The abbreviation NP refers to nondeterministic polynomial time". Intuitively, NP is the set of all decision problems for which the ''yes''-answers have simple proofs of the fact that the answer is indeed ''yes''. More precisely, these proofs have to be verifiable in polynomial time by a deterministic Turing machine. In an equivalent formal definition, NP is the set of decision problems solvable in polynomial time by a non-deterministic Turing machine. The complexity class P is contained in NP, but NP contains many important problems, the hardest of which are called NP-complete problems, for which no polynomial-time algorithms are known. The most important open question in complexity theory, the P = NP problem, asks whether such algorithms actually exist for NP-complete, and by corollary, all NP problems. It is widely believed that this is not the case."

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