Form and Function: A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology (Classic Reprint) - Tapa blanda

Russell, E. S.

 
9781451011371: Form and Function: A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology (Classic Reprint)

Sinopsis

Explore how ideas about structure, development, and homology shaped biology

Delve into a sweeping history of animal form, tracing how early thinkers like Aristotle influenced modern morphology. This edition surveys key concepts in comparative anatomy and embryology, showing how ideas about unity of plan, correlation, and the cell theory transformed our understanding of animal life. It offers a clear, accessible narrative that connects ancient observations to 19th- and early 20th‑century debates about evolution and development.

In this volume, you’ll encounter:
  • A guided tour of foundational concepts in morphology and their historical roots
  • The shift from teleology to materialist explanations in the study of form
  • How early scientists approached homology, anatomy, and development across major animal groups
  • A thoughtful look at the rise of cell theory and its impact on morphology
Ideal for readers of the history of science and anyone curious about why animal bodies are built the way they are, this edition ties together long-standing questions about structure with the evolving methods used to answer them. It’s a clear, engaging reference for students and general readers alike who want to understand the story behind the science of form.

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Reseña del editor

Excerpt from Form and Function: A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology

The main battle-ground of these two opposing tendencies is the problem of the relation of function to form. Is function the mechanical result of form, or is form merely' the manifestation of function or activity? What is the essence of life - organisation or activity?

About the Publisher

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This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Reseña del editor

This book is not intended to be a full or detailed history of animal morphology: a complete account is given neither of morphological discoveries nor of morphological theories. My aim has been rather to call attention to the existence of diverse typical attitudes to the problems of form, and to trace the interplay of the theories that have arisen out of them.
FORM AND FUNCTION CHAPTER 1 THE liKGlKNIKGS Of COMPAUATf VE ANATOMY The first name of which the history of anatomy keeps record is that of Alcmacon, a contemporary of Pythagoras (6th century n.c). His interests appear to have been rather physiological than anatomical. He traced the chief nerves of sense to the brain, which he considered to be the seat of the sonl, and he made .some good guesses at the mechanism of the organs of special sense. He showed that, contrary to the received opinion, the seminal fluid did not originate in the spinal cord. Two comparisons arc recorded of his, one that puberty is the equivalent of the flowering time in plants, the other that milk is the equivalent of white of egg.1 Both show his bias towards looking at the functional side of living things. The latter comparison reappears in Aristotle. A century later Diogenes of Apollonia gave a description of the venous system. He too placed the seat of sensation in the brain. He assumed a vital air in

Table of Contents

CONTENTS; ; I Thu Beginnings of Comparative Anatomy i; II Comparative Anatomy re pore Cuvier ; III Cuvikk 3'; IV Goethe 45; V ftienne geoffroy St HlLAIKE 5^; VI The Followers of Ktifnne Gfoffroy St Hilairr 70; VII The German Transcen dent a lists so; VI11 Transcendental Anatomv in England-Richard ; Owen 102; IX Karl Ernst von Baer 113; X The Emkryological Criterion '33; XI The Cell-Theory 169; XII The Close of the I'rf-evolutionarv Period 190; xm The Ketati

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