Implementing China's S& T Modernization Program (Classic Reprint) - Tapa blanda

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Excerpt from Implementing China's S& T Modernization Program

Studies of policy implementation in both the industrialized and developing nations indicate that "successful" implementation is the product of organizational adaptation and evolution.[i] As such, implementation is best viewed as a process rather than just a discrete event. Analysis of this process must concern itself with the interplay between organizational strategy and political-economic context, as well as with the formal structures and procedures designated for carrying out policies formulated by national-level decision-makers. Attempts at policy implementation usually pass through several stages, each one conditioning the process and affecting the outcome. The strategy for implementing a certain policy may undergo considerable change during the course of implementation both unintentionally or in response to the influence of contextual factors beyond the immediate control of the planner or policy administrator. These changes should not necessarily be viewed as an indication of shifting goals or a policy failure, but rather may be seen as part of a building process designed to enhance the attractiveness of and facilitate greater receptivity to a new policy.

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