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Method and its Relation to the Physical Sciences. Die TotaliU.i .er Erscheinungeii sind wir siclier zu unifassen, wenn wir sie uus uach Ra uni un d Zeit geordnet deiiken, wenn wir sagen Natur und Geschichte. Droysen. Since the days of Heracleitus, ihe Universe, with all that it contains, has been conceived as in a state of perpetual flux, and as therefore having a history a history of the fluxes, both quantitative and qualitative which it has undergone in the process of Time. Sir Robert Ball tells us that by our telescopes and on our photographs we can discern something like one hundred million luminous stars, and that the visible stars do not form the hundredth, probably not the thousandth, probably not even the millionth, part of the worlds which lurk unseen in the dark, unfathomed caves of the upper ocean. Each of these worlds has a history, if we could but know it. The solar sstem has a history which the science of men is slowly spelling out. The round world which we inhabit has a history, and all the sciences, in the ascending scales of their successive evolution, combine to set that history in a framework of periodic times and of systematic ideas. Geology tells us hov our Mother Earth through long aeons of the primeval night-time was balancing and modulating the cosmic forces which were destined in the end to prepare a theatre for man. In Palaeontology we rehearse the story of epochs which have long since been surmounted, and move among the vanished forms of plants and animals which have long since jerished from the face of the earth. At the bottom of the ocean lie the mountains of former ages, on the summits of the Andes and Himalayas are the sands of ancient ocean-beds, while the ichthian and saurian monsters which lie sepulchred in those rock-ribbed pyramids have been described as the mummied pharaohs of an extinct animal dynasty.
(Typographical errors above are due to OCR software and don't occur in the book.)
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