Mathematical Analysis of Logic - Tapa blanda

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( 20 ) OF EXPRESSION AND INTERPRETATION. A Proposition iB a sentence which either affirms or denies, as, All men are mortal, No creature is independent. A Proposition has necessarily two terms, as men, mortal; the former of which, or the one spoken of, h culled the subject; the latter, or tha! which is affirmed or denied of the subject, the predicate. These are connected together by the copula w, or m not, or by some other modification of the substantive verb. The substantive verb is the only verb recognised in Logic; all others are resolvable by means of the verb to be and a participle or adjective, e. g. " The Romans conquered"; the word conquered U both copula and predicate, being equivalent to "were (copula) victorious" (predicate). A Proposition must either be affirmative or negative, and must be also either universal or particular. Thus we reckon in ail, four kinds of pure categorical Propositions. 1st. Universal-affirmative, usually represented by A, Ex. All Xs

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