Clay in the Classroom: A Means to Creative Expression (Classic Reprint) - Tapa dura

Sinopsis

Excerpt from Clay in the Classroom: A Means to Creative Expression

Clay is found practically everywhere. Unless one lives on a beach or in a desert, clay in one's backyard, under the topsoil, is probable and its quality doubtlessly would be such that it could be used for pottery. Large, commercially valuable deposits of clay are found in Ohio, Tennessee, Florida, Illinois and California, among others. Many clays can be used singly, before or after washing, screening and stiffening, to make pottery. Others, which may not, individually, provide the particular qualities desired as to fired color, temperature and workability, can be combined with other clays and inorganic materials to form clay bodies. The clay from which porcelain dinnerware, for example, is made is not a single clay but a body compounded of a white clay, for color; a very plastic clay, for workability; a flux, for fired density; and silica, for fixed hardness and glaze fit.

The mineral, clay, is formed by the gradual erosion of rocks over periods of thousands of years. Water washes the disintegrated rock, altering both its chemical and physical properties and carries it over the surface of the earth. Clays are frequently found, therefore, along stream or river beds. Some clay deposits, how ever, are hundreds of feet underground, having been formed at a time when those areas were exposed.

Clay is composed of aluminum and silicon oxides, water and, often, impuri ties such as iron oxide. The physical properties of clays vary, determined in great part. By the extent of their individual travels over the earth's surface. The longer the trip, the finer the degree to which the particles are worn down, the greater the deterioration of organic matter mixed with the clay and the more plastic the clay.

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