First Principles of Production; A Study of the First Principles of Production and the Relation of Science to Industry - Tapa blanda

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This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1915. Excerpt: ... THE CO-OPERATION OF SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. By S. Koy Illingwoeth, A.e.c.sc, A.I.C., B.ScLond. I. Science in its broadest sense may be defined as exact knowledge. The significance of the use of the word ' exact ' cannot be too firmly impressed upon the mind of the non-scientific person, for upon a true appreciation of the aims and scope of Science depends the answer to the question as to what part we should expect the scientist to play in industrial concerns. Only the study of Science itself can bring home to one the distinction that should be made between Knowledge in its ordinary sense and Science (as defined above), but perhaps a sketch of the growth of a ' science ' out of the ' knowledge ' of the ancients may assist the reader to grasp the distinction, and for this purpose we may select the science of Chemistry and trace its evolution from the Alchemy of the past, but it should be distinctly understood that the same reasoning applies to all branches of Science. The pioneers of Chemistry were the old sagea and philosophers known as the Alchemists. Their labours were devoted to the study of the properties and transmutations of substances of common occurrence. This work they carried on incidentally with attempts to discover the Philosopher's Stone, and the Elixir Vitse, that would enable them to get rich quickly, and then live to enjoy their wealth without suffering from gout or from an impaired digestion. Their work was haphazard, and every substance was treated in an individual manner. They amassed many facts--that is, they gained knowledge--but they made few attempts to explain their observations, nor were they able to fathom the forces at play causing the observed changes. This early school of Chemists gave way to another one, to whom explanation of p...