Message from the President of the United States, to the Two Houses of Congress, at the Commencement of the First Session of the Thirtieth Congress. December 7, 1847.

Descripción

8vo., (8 4/8 x 5 4/8 inches). General title-page "Executive documents printed by order of the Senate of the United States.". 16 fine folding lithographed folding maps, including those of the major California and New Mexico battles, 5 folding tables (some browning and spotting). Modern library binding of tan buckram. This is Executive Doc. No. 1, of the Thirtieth Congress, and it is a large document, consisting of 1369 pages, plus an appendix relating to the war with Mexico and other western affairs. In addition to the important maps, it contains diplomatic correspondence, military reports, statistical records, occupation records, and other papers relating to the conflict, as well as the reports of the Army's Chief Engineer, the Superintendent of West Point, and the Chief of the Topographical Engineers. The first 500 pages alone is "a detailed military history of the Mexican War, except the opening operations of 1846 . . . accompanied by the reports of the officers in the field covering the military operations from the battle of Buena Vista to the capture of the city of Mexico. An appendix of 249 pages supplies further military reports, chiefly from subordinate officers" (Lamed 2014). The maps include: a Sketch of the actions fought at San Pascal in Upper California between the Americans and Mexicans; a Sketch of the Battle of Los Angeles, Upper California Fought between the Americans and the Mexicans; a Sketch of the Passage of the Rio San Gabriel, Upper California, by the Americans, Discomfiting the Opposing Mex. Forces; an untitled map of California coast from slightly north of Sutter's Fort to Cabo San Lucas; a Sketch Accompanying Col. Price's Despatch of 18 April 1847 (Santa Fe to Canada); a Sketch Accompanying Col. Price's Despatch of 15th April 1847 (Joya to Embudo); and a Sketch Accompanying Col. Price Despatch (Taos and environs). "One of America's most successful conflicts militarily, the Mexican War added vast territories to the national domain. It also, however, provoked anti-Americanism in Mexico and contributed to the sectional tension that culminated in the Civil War. The conflict was an outgrowth of U.S. expansionism (expressed in the popular slogan "Manifest Destiny," coined in 1845). In an immediate sense, warfare erupted because of a dispute over the boundary separating Mexico and Texas, exacerbated by Mexico's defaulting in 1844 on payments to satisfy American citizens' claims for losses sustained in Mexico. The U.S. government, after annexing the Republic of Texas in 1845, upheld Texas's claim to the Rio Grande River as its border with Mexico. Mexican authorities neither recognized Texas's independence from Mexico (achieved in 1836) nor its annexation by the United States; they also claimed that Texas extended only to the Nueces River. The Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, signed by U.S. negotiator Nicholas P. Trist with Mexican officials on 2 February 1848 and ratified by the U.S. Senate on 10 March, ended the war. It ceded to the United States some 500,000 square miles--including the disputed boundary area and what would become today's states of California, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, Nevada, and parts of Colorado and Wyoming--in return for $15 million and the U.S. government's assumption of up to $3.25 million in American claims against Mexico. The United States agreed to honor the property rights of current inhabitants of the ceded territories, though the process was unevenly applied, and most residents lost their land over time. The last U.S. forces evacuated Mexico in August 1848" (Robert E. May for ANB). Sabin 48113. N° de ref. del artículo 001439

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