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The apolipoprotein E e4 allele (APOE e4) is known to be associated with cognitive impairment and decline in young old individuals; however, its effect on very old individuals is less clear. This study investigated the effect of the APOE e4 allele on cognitive function in nondemented oldest old individuals using both longitudinal and cross sectional analyses. One hundred and sixty individuals in the cross sectional study and 150 individuals in the longitudinal study aged 85 years and older were assessed with a complete neuropsychological exam and had blood drawn for APOE genotyping. A factor analysis was conducted to form three factors used to represent cognitive function: language, memory, and attention. Partial correlation analyses and longitudinal analyses found no detectable relationship between APOE status and cognitive function. This suggests that oldest old individuals are less susceptible to the detrimental effects of the APOE e4 allele than young old individuals.