Capital Punishment Among the Jews: A Paper Read Before the New York Board of Jewish Ministers - Tapa dura

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In the following essay, an attempt is made at tracing the history of capital punishment among the Jews. From theB iblical period onwards, there took place a long and complex development of the principles, the methods and the application of capital punishment. The story of this development is contained chiefly in theO ld and theN ew Testaments, Josephus, the Rabbinic writings and the Responsa of theM iddle A ges. The following study, which is based on these sources, attempts to make clear what was the nature of this development. The Four Methods of Capital Punishment According to a saying of the Rabbis, nine hundred and three different methods of death have been created for man. But Rabbinic jurisprudence recognised only four legal methods of inflicting death as the penalty for a capital crime, namely: stoning, burning, decapitation and strangulation. One man, Yakim (or Ber. 8a, with reference toP s. I xviii, 61. Mishna Sanh. vii, 1.
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