Behind the Postmodern Facade: Architectural Change in Late Twentieth-Century America - Tapa dura

Born amidst the furious social changes of the mid-1960s, postmodern architecture redefined the purposes of a prestigious profession. In this work, Magali Sarfatti Larson gives a bold and comprehensive account of the social, economic, and ideological shifts that cracked the modernist dogma and reintroduced historical allusion, diversity, and ornament into architectural discourse and practice. She connects the socioeconomic realities of postindustrial America to the specific architects who shape the space around us in an arena where practical constraints - such as the organization of firms, clients, and commissions - determine what can be built. Modernism, which took shape in the war-shattered Europe of the 1920s, was energized by a powerful desire for radical social reform. Later it came to express the social and economic domination of corporate capitalism symbolized by interchangeable glass-box cityscapes. As modernism exhausted itself both economically and ideologically, architects like Robert Venturi and Michael Graves began to call for new principles and to embrace the motifs and methods of architectural history and popular culture. The demise of modernism threw the architectural profession into a still unresolved crisis in which parts of the profession questioned not only its discourse but also the architect's subservience to the predominant structures of power. Sarfatti Larson analyzes the complex tensions that exist between economic interest, professional status, and architectural product. She explores, for instance, the symbolic reward systems that consist of awards and recognition by prestigious journals and panels. She deftly exposes the inner workings of a profession in aprecarious social position, struggling to ensure the status, place, and power of architects in American society, even as that society redefines the very purpose of architecture. Behind the Postmodern Facade draws from extensive interviews with pivotal architects - from Philip Johnson

"I am intrigued by Magali Sarfatti Larson's sociological take on the art of architecture. She is the only one, that I know, to come up from the gobbledygook able to discuss aesthetics."—Philip Johnson

"I rank among those who think that there is no clearcut connection between postmodernism in architecture, in literature, and in philosophy. The same term covers different ideas and ideologies. But a term cannot become an interdisciplinary shibboleth without suggesting some imperceptible connections. Thus, before giving a definite anwer to such a question, I think one should first read a book like this one, which says what modernism was and what postmodernism is in architecture."—Umberto Eco