springer us apr 2007 (25 resultados)

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware -Special and General Relativity are concisely developed together with essential aspects of nuclear and particle physics. Problem sets are provided for many chapters, making the book ideal for a course on the physics of white dwarf and neutron star interiors.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 244 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware -Following the classical sampling theory, the survey statistician selects samples of people, businesses or others, in order to obtain the desired information. Drawing the samples is usually done by randomly selecting from a list representing the target population. In practice, this list is often not available. At best, the statistician only has access to a different list, indirectly related to the targeted population.The example of a survey of children where the statistician only has a list of adult persons is a typical case. In this case, the statistician first draws a sample of adults, and for each selected adult, the statistician then identifies his/her children. The survey is done from the latter. This is what is called indirect sampling.When indirect sampling is used jointly with the sampling of clusters of persons (families, for example), many complications arise for the survey statistician. One of the complications relates to the computation of the estimates from the survey. The production of estimates of simple totals or means can then become nightmares for the survey statistician. To solve this problem, the author proposes a simple solution, easy to implement, that is called the generalised weight share method.This book is the reference on indirect sampling and the generalised weight share method. It contains the different developments done by the author on these subjects. The theory surrounding them is presented, but also different possible applications that drive its interest. The reader will find in this book the answer to questions that come, inevitably, when working in a context of indirect sampling.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 268 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condición: Neu. Neuware -Stanley South has been a leading figure not only in historical archaeology but also in anthropological archaeology. His work (both past and present) has put him in the forefront of monumental changes in American archaeology in the last 40 years. His personal perseverance in field archaeology has also been an inspiration to new and burgeoning archaeologists and anthropologists. An Archaeological Evolution is a personal recounting of his life, played out among some of the most important debates and movements in archaeology starting in the 1960s up to the 21st century. This seminal volume will be of interest to archaeologists (both professional and academic), anthropologists, historians, and conservators in or studying the United States, but also wherever archaeology is taught and practiced.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 432 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Those charged with protection of resources falling within the public domain, including submerged sites, continuously strive to find the best management solutions. Given the advent of recreational diving in the last half century and advances in underwater survey and exploration technology, pressures have increased dramatically on submerged archaeological sites. Users of these p- lic resources fall into groups with various needs and agendas, including divers, fishermen, salvers, scientists, and the tourism industry (Kauru and Hoagland, 1994). To insure that all people are represented in the decision-making process, site managers have increasingly argued that public outreach and education is vitally important. 'Without public appreciation of the importance of archa- logical sites and information,' states one early proponent, 'there can be no effective protection of sites. ' Archaeologist Charles McGimsey (1972:6) c- tinues, '. . . the greater one's knowledge of archaeology, regardless of formal training in the subject, the greater the responsibility to take the initiative to lead, to teach, and to persuade others to do likewise. ' Some also suggest that rather than rely solely on museum interpretive displays the public should be allowed to observe heritage resources in their original setting, which can strengthen the spirituality and meaningfulness of the experience (Carter and Horneman, 2001:67-68). Managers must be aware that from a purely archaeological perspective, public access is not a preferred option for those sites that still retain significant, undo- mented remains.

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Marianne Horinko Executive Vice President, Global Environment and Technology Foundation On August 7, 1978, President Carter declared a state of emergency in the community of Love Canal, New York. The President urged residents of Love Canal to evacuate, not because of a recent catastrophic event, but because of something that occurred in the 1940's and 1950's. This Niagara Falls community had been developed on land that was formerly used as a landfill. Although the landfill was closed in 1953, it had been a dumping ground for tons of chemical wastes, and that waste would eventually create an environment extremely dangerous to human health. The image of chemicals seeping into the basements of American homes would produce widespread panic, but would also raise the environmental consciousness of a nation, and produce a legislative response that was equal to the task. Americans celebrated the first Earth Day in April, 1970. Throughout the rest of the decade, we passed legislation intended to fulfill the promise of that day: to create a clean and safe environment. However, there were still holes in our environmental protection in 1978, evidenced by the problems at Love Canal. In response, Congress passed the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) or, as many people call it, Superfund. Passed in 1980, this law was intended to address problems like the ones faced at Love Canal.

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Advances for In-Vehicle and Mobile Systems: Challenges for International Standards is organized to bring together the most active scholars working on the latest techniques, standards, and emerging deployment on 'living in the age of wireless communications and smart vehicular systems.' The objective is to incorporate speech, dialog, video, image, vehicular sensory data, and wireless communication modalities to model the total behavior of the driver and use that model towards personalization of the vehicle to provide a more comfortable and safer driving experience. The format of this work centers on four themes: driver and driving environment recognition, telecommunication applications, noise reduction, and dialog in vehicles.Advances for In-Vehicle and Mobile Systems: Challenges for International Standards, is appropriate for researchers, engineers, and professionals working in signal processing technologies, next generation vehicle design, and networks for mobile platforms.

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware -We are at the beginning of the third decade of studies at the molecular level on the pathogenesis of Listeria monocytogenes and the response of the host to its infections. It is a good time to survey the wealth of information that these studies have revealed and to think about perspectives for a more complete understanding of this important pathogen. During the past 20 years, L. mono- togenes has emerged from relative obscurity to being one of the most intensely studied bacterial pathogens. In the opening chapter, Daniel A. Portnoy provides a personal and historical account of the development of our understanding at the molecular level of invasion of the host cell, growth in the cytosol, and ce- to-cell spread by means of actin polymerization-powered motility. We are also fortunate to have contributions from Pascale Cossart and Werner Goebel and their colleagues. These pioneering investigators continue to make major cont- butions to the molecular description of almost every aspect of L. monocytogenes pathogenesis. All chapters in this book have been written by experts who have contributed widely to this field. We are extremely grateful for the efforts of all contributors who have provided contemporary accounts of the status of various aspects of L. monocytogenes pathogenesis and the host response. Their positive responses to this effort are deeply appreciated. Any specialist volume in the biological sciences can only provide a snapshot of the field at the time of its publication.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 308 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware -During the last few decades, Sleep Medicine and Science, and many of their diverse aspects, have emerged as areas of intense medical and scientific interest. Of these, Sleep and Neuroimmunology are highly interlinked and inherently fascinating which cut across many behavioral states, touches all facets of human health and wellbeing. Elucidating the roles of immune substances and cells in Central Nervous System functions and their critical relationships in immune mechanisms in health and diseases across behavioral states.As one of the first of its kind, this Neuroimmunology of Sleep volume provides an introduction to the interphase between Sleep and Neuroimmunology. Written both from a basic and a clinical perspective, the volume contains useful information to many biomedical professionals and students of the human biology. This informative and forward-looking volume will be valuable to sleep researchers, neuroimmunologists, psychiatrists, psychologists, neurologists and all those physicians or health care professionals who evaluate and treat patients with sleep problems. In addition, this volume will be helpful to medical students and clinicians of various disciplines who want to get an overall grasp of the Neuroimmunology of sleep field.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 384 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware -When I was invited to edit this volume, I wanted to take the opportunity to assemble reviews of different biophysical methodologies for protein interactions at a level suf ciently detailed to understand how complex systems can be studied. There are several excellent introductory texts for biophysical methodologies, many with hands-on descriptions or embedded in general introductions to physical b- chemistry. The goal of the present volume was to present state-of-the-art reviews that do not necessarily enable the reader to carry out these techniques, but to gain a deep understanding of the biophysical observables, to stimulate creative thought on how the techniques may be applied to study a particular biological system, and to foster collaboration and multidisciplinary work. Reversible protein interactions involve noncovalent chemical bonds, pro- cing protein complexes with free energies not far from the order of magnitude of the thermal energy kT. As a consequence, they can be highly dynamic and may be controlled, for example, by protein expression levels and changes in the intracel- lar or microenvironment. Reversible protein complexes may have suf cient stab- ity to be puri ed for study, but frequently their short lifetime essentially limits their existence to solutions of mixtures of the binding partners in which they remain populated through dissociation and reassociation processes. To understand the function of such protein complexes, it is important to study their structure and dynamics.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 548 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware -In the last few decades the effect of lead contamination on human health has received significant attention. Based on such concerns elimination of lead from ceramic glaze, paint, plumbing etc. has been legislated and implemented. However, till recently, solders used in electronics, remained lead-based.The worldwide multi-facetted research efforts to arrive at suitable solutions, especially as the deadline for implementation of lead-free electronic solders approaches, have resulted in an exhaustive number of research papers in several reviewed scientific journals. Similarly there have been presentations in several national and international meetings of various technical societies. It is impossible for any researcher or student to be aware of all the materials that have been, and are being, published in these many different sources, so it becomes essential to have most of the relevant and currently available information presented in a single publication. With this goal in mind the important issues encountered in the lead-free electronic solder area were identified, and researchers recognized for their significant scientific contributions in those areas were invited to write articles on those topics. They were asked to address the importance of a given issue, the current status of understanding and available solutions, the problems that still need to be tackled and suggestions for potential approaches to do so.The chapters are organized around the following subject areas: themodynamics and phase diagrams, solder developments, processing issues, mechanical property considerations, effects of thermal excursions (TMF), electromigraion, whisker growth, tin pest, and industrial perspectives (consumer electronics, and high-end high reliability applications).This material originally appeared in a special issue of Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics. Because this journal may not be a regular source of scientific information foracademic researchers in fields other than Materials Science and those in industry, and to provide wider awareness of the current status of lead-free electronic solders to those persons active in the area but who are not regular readers of the Journal, these articles are being reprinted in book form.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 384 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Introduction to Contact Mechanics, Second Edition is a gentle introduction to the mechanics of solid bodies in contact for graduate students, post doctoral individuals, and the beginning researcher.This second edition maintains the introductory character of the first with a focus on materials science as distinct from straight solid mechanics theory. Every chapter has been updated to make the book easier to read and more informative. A new chapter on depth sensing indentation has been added, and the contents of the other chapters have been completely overhauled with added figures, formulae and explanations.The author begins with an introduction to the mechanical properties of materials, general fracture mechanics and the fracture of brittle solids. This is followed by a detailed description of indentation stress fields for both elastic and elastic-plastic contact. The discussion then turns to the formation of Hertzian cone cracks in brittle materials, subsurface damage in ductile materials, and the meaning of hardness. The author concludes with an overview of practical methods of indentation.

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Although some examples of phase portraits of quadratic systems can already be found in the work of Poincaré, the first paper dealing exclusively with these systems was published by Büchel in 1904. By the end of the 20th century an increasing flow of publications resulted in nearly a thousand papers on the subject.This book attempts to give a presentation of the advance of our knowledge of phase portraits of quadratic systems, paying special attention to the historical development of the subject. The book organizes the portraits into classes, using the notions of finite and infinite multiplicity and finite and infinite index. Classifications of phase portraits for various classes are given using the well-known methods of phase plane analysis.

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - With dramatic increases in on-chip packing densities, routing congestion has become a major problem in integrated circuit design, impacting convergence, performance, and yield, and complicating the synthesis of critical interc- nects. The problem is especially acute as interconnects are becoming the performance bottleneck in modern integrated circuits. Even with more than 30% of white space, some of the design blocks in modern microprocessor and ASIC designs cannot be routed successfully. Moreover, this problem is likely to worsen considerably in the coming years due to design size and technology scaling. There is an inherent tradeo between choosing a minimum delay path for interconnect nets, and the need to detour the routes to avoid 'tra c jams'; congestion management involves intelligent allocation of the available int- connect resources, up-front planning of the wire routes for even distributions, and transformations that make the physical synthesis ow congestion-aware. The book explores this tradeo that lies at the heart of all congestion m- agement, in seeking to address the key question: how does one optimize the traditional design goals such as the delay or the area of a circuit, while still ensuring that the circuit remains routable It begins by motivating the c- gestion problem, explaining why this problem is important and how it will trend. It then progresses with comprehensive discussions of the techniques available for estimating and optimizing congestion at various stages in the design ow.

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware -This book deals with a 'bottom-up' approach to building nanostructured systems, where one starts with atoms and molecules, which constitute the molecular building blocks (MBBs), and assembles them to build a nanostructured material. Nanotechnology MBBs are distinguished for their unique properties. They include, for example, graphite, fullerene, carbon nanotubes, diamondoids, nanowires, nanocrystals and amino acids. All these MBBs, and more, are candidates for various applications in nanotechnology. These building blocks have quite unique properties not found in small molecules. Some of these MBBs are electrical conductors, some are semiconductors, some are photonic, and the characteristic dimension of each is a few nanometers. The examples covered in this book by the sixteen chapters written by authorities all around the world include: (1) carbon nanotubes, which are five times lighter and five times stronger than steel; (2) nanowires, which can be made of metals, semiconductors, or even different types of semiconductors within a single wire; and (3) diamondoids, a form of pure carbon materials which provide excellent building blocks for positional (or robotic) assembly as well as for self-assembly.The applications of MBBs as presented in this book should enable the practitioner of nanotechnology to design and build systems on a nanometer scale. The controlled synthesis of MBBs and their subsequent assembly (self-assembly, self-replication or positional-assembly) into nanostructures is a fundamental theme of nanotechnology. These promising nanotechnology concepts with far-reaching implications (from mechanical to chemical processes; from electronic components to ultra-sensitive sensors; from medical applications to energy systems; and from pharmaceuticals to agricultural and food chains) will impact every aspect of our future.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 440 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - GLUTAMINE, GLUTAMATE, AND GABA: METABOLIC ASPECTS - H. S. Waagepetersen, U. Sonnewald, and A. Schousboe.- SERINE, GLYCINE, AND THREONINE - T. J. de Koning, S. A. Fuchs, and L. W. J. Klomp.- HISTIDINE - P. Panula.- AROMATIC AMINO ACIDS IN THE BRAIN - M. Cansev and R. J. Wurtman.- ARGININE, CITRULLINE, AND ORNITHINE - H. Wiesinger.- BRANCHED CHAIN AMINO ACIDS (BCAAs) IN BRAIN - S. M. Hutson, A. J. Sweatt and K. F. LaNoue.- SULFUR-CONTAINING AMINO ACIDS - G. J. McBean.- TAURINE - S. S. Oja and P. Saransaari.- NEUROBIOLOGY OF D-AMINO ACIDS - E. Dumin and H. Wolosker.- AMINO ACIDS AND BRAIN VOLUME REGULATION: COTRIBUTION AND MECHANISMS - H. Pasantes-Morales.- UREA CYCLE ENZYMOPATHIES - R. Butterworth.- AMMONIA TOXICITY IN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM - J. Albrecht.- DISORDERS IN AMINO ACID METABOLISM - M. Yudkoff.- N-ACETYLASPARTATE AND N-ACETYLASPARTYLGLUTAMATE - M. H. Baslow.- GLUTATHIONE IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM: ROLES IN NEURAL FUNCTION AND HEALTH AND IMPLICATIONS FOR NEUROLOGICAL DISEASE - R. Janáky, R. Cruz-Aguado, S. S. Oja, and C. A. Shaw.- LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT PEPTIDES - K. L. Reichelt.

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Spectroscopic Data of Steroid Glycosides serves as an essential reference guide containing spectroscopic, physical and biological activity data of over 3500 steroid glycosides, offering the structures and the data of the naturally occurring glycosides of steroids. All compounds are arranged according to the structure of the aglycone, and, in its own class, according to the increasing molecular weight, making Spectroscopic Data of Steroid Glycosides extremely useful for the structure elucidation of new natural products, particularly glycosides.Spectroscopic Data of Steroid Glycosides offers a practical desk reference for all scientists and students interested in steroid glycosides and their biological and medicinal importance.The following data of the steroid glycosides, as available in published literature, are included: - Name of the compound, Chemical name of compound and its structure, - Source, name of the genus, species, authors, family of the biological source from which the glycoside has been isolated, - Melting point, - Specific rotation, - Molecule weight, - Molecular formula, - UV spectral data : maxima, e or log e , solvent, - IR peaks in cm-1 with medium in which the spectrum was taken e.g. KBr, nujol, etc, - Proton magnetic resonance (PMR) chemical shifts, multiplicity of the peaks, coupling constants with assignments, - 13C-NMR (CMR) chemical shifts with assignments, - Mass spectral data with the technique used (e.g. Electron Impact (E.I.), Fast Atom Bombardment (FAB), positive ion or negative ion mode or any other technique, - CD or ORD data, - Biological Activity, - Full reference from which data have been taken.

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Spectroscopic Data of Steroid Glycosides serves as an essential reference guide containing spectroscopic, physical and biological activity data of over 3500 steroid glycosides, offering the structures and the data of the naturally occurring glycosides of steroids. All compounds are arranged according to the structure of the aglycone, and, in its own class, according to the increasing molecular weight, making Spectroscopic Data of Steroid Glycosides extremely useful for the structure elucidation of new natural products, particularly glycosides.Spectroscopic Data of Steroid Glycosides offers a practical desk reference for all scientists and students interested in steroid glycosides and their biological and medicinal importance.The following data of the steroid glycosides, as available in published literature, are included: - Name of the compound, Chemical name of compound and its structure, - Source, name of the genus, species, authors, family of the biological source from which the glycoside has been isolated, - Melting point, - Specific rotation, - Molecule weight, - Molecular formula, - UV spectral data : maxima, e or log e , solvent, - IR peaks in cm-1 with medium in which the spectrum was taken e.g. KBr, nujol, etc, - Proton magnetic resonance (PMR) chemical shifts, multiplicity of the peaks, coupling constants with assignments, - 13C-NMR (CMR) chemical shifts with assignments, - Mass spectral data with the technique used (e.g. Electron Impact (E.I.), Fast Atom Bombardment (FAB), positive ion or negative ion mode or any other technique, - CD or ORD data, - Biological Activity, - Full reference from which data have been taken.

Buch. Condición: Neu. Neuware - Spectroscopic Data of Steroid Glycosides serves as an essential reference guide containing spectroscopic, physical and biological activity data of over 3500 steroid glycosides, offering the structures and the data of the naturally occurring glycosides of steroids. All compounds are arranged according to the structure of the aglycone, and, in its own class, according to the increasing molecular weight, making Spectroscopic Data of Steroid Glycosides extremely useful for the structure elucidation of new natural products, particularly glycosides.Spectroscopic Data of Steroid Glycosides offers a practical desk reference for all scientists and students interested in steroid glycosides and their biological and medicinal importance.The following data of the steroid glycosides, as available in published literature, are included: - Name of the compound, Chemical name of compound and its structure, - Source, name of the genus, species, authors, family of the biological source from which the glycoside has been isolated, - Melting point, - Specific rotation, - Molecule weight, - Molecular formula, - UV spectral data : maxima, e or log e , solvent, - IR peaks in cm-1 with medium in which the spectrum was taken e.g. KBr, nujol, etc, - Proton magnetic resonance (PMR) chemical shifts, multiplicity of the peaks, coupling constants with assignments, - 13C-NMR (CMR) chemical shifts with assignments, - Mass spectral data with the technique used (e.g. Electron Impact (E.I.), Fast Atom Bombardment (FAB), positive ion or negative ion mode or any other technique, - CD or ORD data, - Biological Activity, - Full reference from which data have been taken.

Buch. Condición: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -transconductance e ciency of all critical devices in order to reduce the n- essary bias current. However, reducing the current density also results in a severely decreased device f . An optimization of the current density is re- T quired to provide the correct balance between transconductance e ciency and bandwidth. Plots such as Figure 2. 1 are useful tools for designers when choosing appropriate transistor bias points. Technology scaling allows greatly increased f realization for a given IC. Thus, weak inversion biasing for RF T design will become increasingly useful in future technology nodes. Throughout this work, the IC of critical transistors will be discussed. Most of the RF devices are biased in moderate to weak inversion to achieve enhanced transconductance e ciency and reduced bias current. 2. 2 MEMS Background The relatively new eld of Radio Frequency Microelectro Mechanical Systems (RF MEMS) provides unique opportunities for RF transceiver designers. This section provides background on RF MEMS and provides insight into the - portunities presented by these new technologies. The eld of RF MEMS - cludes the design and utilization of RF lters, resonators, switches, and other passive mechanical structures constructed using bulk processed integrated c- cuit fabrication techniques. To date, these devices have been commercially used as discrete board-mounted components, primarily used to enhance the miniaturization of mobile phones. However, RF MEMS components have the potential to be batch fabricated using existing integrated circuit fabrication techniques. 184 pp. Englisch.