Descripción
BIRD PLATE. Martinet. 1768. ----TITLE: Histoire Naturelle. ----PUBLICATION DETAILS: Lower left: Martinet del. Lower right: Benard Fecit. 13 h x 8 w. Upper right corner: Pl. XXXII. Engraving on laid paper. Engraved by Robert Benard after François Nicolas Martinet (1731-c1790). Published in the l'Encyclopédie, ou Dictionnaire Raisonné des Sciences, des Arts et des Métiers, edited by Denis Diderot (1713-1784) and Jean le Rond d'Alembert (1717-1783). The first volume of text was published in 1751. Six others followed at approximately yearly intervals until 1757. The last 10 were published in 1765. The 11 volumes of plates were published during the period 1762 to 1772. These were followed in 1776-1777 by four volumes of supplementary text and one volume of plates. The two-volume index was published in 1780. All together there were 35 volumes with 23 volumes of text containing 72,000 articles written by 140 authors plus 12 volumes of some 2900 plates. Originally sold by subscription, the Encyclopédie went through several editions with about 4,500 copies sold. ----DESCRIPTION: Four birds, realistically posed, on one plate: ----Fig. 1. Pie Grieche de Madagascar. (Shrike.) ----Fig. 2. Tangara Cardinal du Bresil. (Tanager Cardinal of Brazil.) ----Fig. 3. La Veuve a Quatre Brins. (Shift-tailed Bunting.) ----Fig. 4. Manakin de Cayenne. Manakin. ----PLATEVOLUMES: The plate volumes were titled: Recueil de Planches, Sur les Sciences, les Arts Libéraux, et les Arts Méchaniques, avec Leur Explication. The plate described above is from the Sixieme Volume of plates, published in 1768. Title in English - Collection of Plates, on the Sciences, the Liberal Arts, and the Mechanical Arts: with their Explanation. ----MARTENET: François Nicolas Martinet (1731-c1790) illustrated birds in books by some of the most influential ornithologists in 18th-century France. He had been trained as an engineer and draftsman. Illustrating books appears to have begun as a secondary profession, for which he is now famous. Toward the end of his career, Martinet drew upon his experience in engraving birds for others to publish his own ornithology books, producing plates until his death sometime in the late 1780s or early 1790s (sources disagree on the year). ----BENARD: Robert Benard engraved, or directed the engraving of, at least 1800 plates for Diderot's groundbreaking Encyclopédie published between 1751 and 1772, the source of this plate. He also worked on the plates for Cook's travels. CONDITION: Later color (the plate volumes were issued uncolored). Left margin has sewing holes from the binding process and is ragged. Image very good. PR031E. N° de ref. del artículo PR031E
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