Descripción
In Hebrew. [2], 560 pages. Translated from the second German language edition of 1892 by M.A. Zak. The German title was Die Gottesdienstliches Voortrage der Juden historisch entwickelt. Leopold Zunz (Yom Tov Lipmann Zunz)(10 August 1794 Detmold - 17 March 1886 Berlin) was the founder of academic Judaic Studies (Wissenschaft des Judentums), the critical investigation of Jewish literature, hymnology and ritual. His historical investigations and writings on contemporary matters had an important influence on moden day Judaism. Zunz was the son of Talmud scholar Immanuel Menachem Zunz and Hendel Behrens, the daughter of Dov Beer, an assistant cantor of the Detmold community. At age 1 his family moved to Hamburg, where he began learning Hebrew grammar and studied the Pentateuch and the Talmud. His father, who was his first teacher, died in 1802, when Zunz was 7. At age 9 he was admitted to the Jewish Freischule, founded by Philipp Samson, in Wolfenbüttel. So he left home in 1803 never to see his mother again since she died in 1809 during his years in Wolfenbüttel. In 1807 Samuel Meyer Ehrenberg took over the directorship of the school he introduced, alongside traditional learning, religion, history, geography, French, and German and became Zunz's mentor. In 1811 Zunz became acquainted with Johann Christoph Wolf's Bibliotheca Hebræa, which, together with David Gans's Tzemach David, introduced him to Jewish literature and led him to think of the "Science of Judaism." In 1815 he moved to Berlin to study at the University of Berlin and obtained a doctorate from the University of Halle. He was ordained by the Hungarian rabbi Aaron Chorin, an early supporter of religious reform, and served for two years teaching and giving sermons in the Beer reformed synagogue in Berlin. He found the career uncongenial, and in 1840 he was appointed director of a Lehrerseminar (Teachers? Seminary), a post which relieved him from pecuniary worries. He was always interested in politics, and in 1848 addressed many public meetings. In 1850 he resigned from the Teachers' Seminary, and was awarded a pension. He was always a champion of Jewish rights. Together with others, including the poet Heinrich Heine, Zunz founded the Verein für Kultur und Wissenschaft der Juden (The Society for the Culture and Science of the Jews), and became editor of the Zeitschrift für die Wissenschaft des Judenthums (Journal for the Science of Judaism). The ideals of this Verein did not bear religious fruit, but the "Science of Judaism" survived. Though affiliated with the Reform movement, Zunz displayed little sympathy for it or for any rabbis who, later in life, he referred to as soothsayers and quacks. The violent outcry raised against the Talmud by some major figures in the Reform movement was repugnant to Zunz, who revered historical and ceremonial usages. In 1840 he became director of the Berlin Jewish Teachers' Seminary. He was friendly with the traditional Enlightenment figure Nachman Krochmal whose Moreh Nebuke ha-Zeman (Lemberg, 1851), was edited, in accordance with the author's last will, by his friend Leopold Zunz. Works: Namen der Juden, 1837. Zunz? famous article ?Etwas über die rabbinische Litteratur?, 1818. Gottesdienstliche Vorträge der Juden, a history of the Sermon. 1832, which lays down principles for the investigation of the Rabbinic exegesis (Midrash) and of the siddur. In 1845 appeared his Zur Geschichte und Literatur, in which he sheds light on the literary and social history of the Jews. Synagogale Poesie des Mittelalters (1855). It was from this book that George Eliot translated the following opening of a chapter of Daniel Deronda: "If there are ranks in suffering, Israel takes precedence of all the nations." and in 1859 his Ritus, in which he gives a masterly survey of synagogue rites. His last great book was his Literaturgeschichte der synagogalen Poesie (1865) and an 1867 supplement. A new translation of the Bible and many essays. N° de ref. del artículo 010582
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