Soldiers' Lives Through History: The Ancient World - Tapa dura

"American military historian Gabriel covers a period from the beginning of the Bronze Age, about 4,000 BCE through the end of the Roman and Byzantine Empires. First he addresses such aspects of military life as the physical conditions of soldiers, equipment, discipline and punishment, tactics, death and wounding, and military medical care. Then he profiles 18 major armies of antiquity, including those of Sumer and Akkad, China, Persia, Imperial Greece, Carthage, and Imperial Rome." - Reference & Research Book News "Aimed at the general reader or college-level researcher, this is an excellent introduction to the topic....This work is recommended for academic and public libraries with military history collections." - American Reference Books Annual

Once warfare became established in ancient civilizations, it's hard to find any other social institution that developed as quickly. In less than a thousand years, humans brought forth the sword, sling, dagger, mace, bronze and copper weapons, and fortified towns. The next thousand years saw the emergence of iron weapons, the chariot, the standing professional army, military academies, general staffs, military training, permanent arms industries, written texts on tactics, military procurement, logistics systems, conscription, and military pay. By 2,000 B.C.E., war was an important institution in almost all major cultures of the world. This book shows readers how soldiers were recruited, outfitted, how they fought, and how they were cared for when injured or when they died. It covers soldiers in major civilizations from about 4000 B.C.E. to about 450 C.E. Topics are discussed cross-culturally, drawing examples from several of the cultures, armies, and time periods within each chapter in order to provide the reader with as comprehensive an understanding as possible and to avoid the usual Western-centric perspective too common in analyses of ancient warfare.