The Mineral industry Volume 17 - Tapa blanda

This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1909 Excerpt: ...Weat Virginia, Kentucky, Michigan. Wisconsin. Minnesota, Missouri, Colorado, and Oregon made steel ingots or castings in 1908 by the standard bessemer process or by modified bessemer processes. expected to continue permanently, since it is based on the actual substitution of one process for the other, and not on any temporary condition. Thus, for instance, the steel made in the great new works at Gary will all come from open-hearth furnaces; and such furnaces have lately replaced an important group of converters in the Carnegie works at Pittsburg. The bessemer converter has had an important part in industrial history, but it is gradually giving way to its later rival. Steel Production Op Leading Countries. The United States and Germany are well established as the two leading steel producers of the world. In both production reached a maximum in 1907, and fell off heavily in 1908. The accompanying table shows the production for three years, divided into acid and basic steel. In the United States the decrease in pig iron last year was 9,845,343 tons, or 38.1 per cent.; in steel, 9,355,007 tons, or 40 per cent. In Germany the changes were much less marked, the decrease in pig iron having been 1,232,249 tons, or "9.4 per cent.; and in steel, 877,253 tons, or 7.8 per cent. These decreases are large for Germany, where the iron and steel production had increased steadily for a series of years; and where the changes in either direction are always much slower and less marked than in this country. The extent of the difference is shown by the statement that the German pig-iron production in 1907 was only 50.6 per cent, of that in the United States; in 1908 it equaled 74.1 per cent. In both countries by far the larger part of the pig iron made is converted into ste...