How to tell the parts of speech - Tapa blanda

This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1874 edition. Excerpt: ...Pronoun together can make up an Adjective-phrase or an Adverb-phrase, f Prepositions are sometimes used as Adverbs. In "he lives up on the hill, but I live down in the valley," 'up' and 'down' answer the question where? and do not come before Nouns. They are therefore not Prepositions, but Adverbs. But, in "he ran down the hill, and I ran up the hill," 'down' and 'up' make you ask,' up what?' 'down what?': and they come before 'hill,' which supplies the answer to the questions. They are therefore Prepositions here, and not Adverbs. Prepositions are sometimes used as parts of other words. 1. In " the horse knocked down a child," or "a woman picked up the child," you cannot separate down from knocked, and say 'down what?' as you can in "he ran down the hill;" knocked down makes one Verb, and so does picked up. Consequently, down and up are not Prepositions here, but parts of the Compound Verbs knock down and pick up. t For the usual Definition, see Note 25. See alsa Preface, page 11. 2. When a Preposition is irregularly used before an Adjective or an Adverb, as in the Adverbial Phrases 'at first,' 'in vain,' 'for once,' you may parse the two words together as an Adverbial Phrase. (See p. 79.) Specimen Exercise. Parse the italicized words in the following Exercise:--The hare scoffed at the tortoise for his slowness, and challenged him to a race. "Let us run," said she, "up to yonder rock, and you shall have a start of half a mile." "Done," said the tortoise, and off he plodded. The hare sat down to watch him and laughed till her sides ached. At last, tired with laughing, she fell asleep. Meantime, the tortoise had crept up the hill and was steadiiy approaching the goal....